Dong Mingzhu’s term of office is approaching next year. Will you agree if I leave?

Author: Sister Rong Dayi

At the beginning of last month, several media talked about the term of office of the chairman of a listed company, speculating that Gree Electric’s Dong era will come to an end when Dong Mingzhu’s term of office expires in May next year.

Miss Dong will certainly not let go of these nonsense. Gree’s official number specially sent a lawyer’s letter, saying that some Internet media headline parties maliciously speculated that the company’s share price and normal business activities were affected. Dong Mingzhu also responded personally,

"It is wrong to comment on a company and it is harmful to the company." 

I don’t know if it hurts the enterprise, but it is certain that it hurts Miss Dong. Dong Mingzhu has worked in Gree for more than 20 years. For most people, Gree is Dong Mingzhu’s, and Dong Mingzhu is Gree’s. Gree and Dong Mingzhu can be equated. Sister Dong herself once said that there is nothing wrong with this. 

Some shareholders have asked Dong Mingzhu about his re-election and his successor. Dong Mingzhu said that Gree Electric will not retire until it reaches 200 billion yuan. If he wants to retire, he must find a suitable successor, and the successor he is looking for must be a second Dong Mingzhu. 

At the shareholders’ meeting in Gree Electric in May this year, Dong Mingzhu responded domineering, "If I leave, will you agree?"? It is best not to discuss this issue in the next five years. " And very confident that "you don’t want to let me go, don’t ask this question."

A year ago, at the shareholders’ meeting that voted for Gree’s acquisition of Yinlong New Energy, Gree’s shareholders didn’t applaud Dong Mingzhu for the first time. Sister Dong made a fuss on the spot, scaring shareholders: What can you do if I don’t pay you dividends for five years? Scaring didn’t work. In the end, the acquisition that Dong Jie was very keen on was rejected in an atmosphere where both sides were not happy. 

Not long after, the position of chairman of Dong Mingzhu Gree Group was quietly removed. Without the position of chairman of the group, it is equivalent to losing the right to speak of the largest shareholder at the board meeting in Gree Electric. Dong Mingzhu took his own money All In Yinlong, and of course Wang Jianlin also gave a small investment of 500 million yuan.

It seems that from that time on, there was a puzzling force that blocked the tie between Dong Mingzhu and Gree Electric. Zhu Jianghong, the former chairman of Gree Electric, who has been unknown for many years, suddenly published a book called "My 24 Years in Charge of Gree".

Not only did the title of the book actually smash people’s impression that "Dong Mingzhu made Gree", but in the book, Zhu Jianghong also specifically refuted "Without Dong Mingzhu, there would be no Gree", saying that this sentence is probably debatable, and it is not the credit of one person that the enterprise has done well. 

If other people say so, I’m afraid Dong Mingzhu will go back at once, but Zhu Jianghong is Dong Mingzhu’s old superior. Two people have worked together for more than 20 years, and they are grateful to her. Sister Dong has a bad temper and can only hold her breath. 

Later, however, because someone interpreted the book and exposed the bad blood between Zhu Jianghong and Dong Mingzhu, Zhu Jianghong cancelled the meeting with the old employees after the book was signed, in order to quell the confused speculation. The old partners gave each other face.

01

Zhu Jianghong came from a technical background. After graduating from South China University of Technology, he worked in Guangxi for a period of time. Soon after returning to Zhuhai, he took over Gree Air Conditioning Factory, which was still a mess. 

Gree air-conditioning can quickly occupy a place in the home appliance war in the 1990s. Dong Mingzhu dared to turn against Huang Guangyu and scold Zhang Jindong, including today’s propaganda of "Gree mastering the core technology", all of which are related to the foundation laid by the Zhu Jianghong era. 

However, after working in Gree for more than 20 years, Gree’s fame is getting louder and louder, but Zhu Jianghong himself has always kept a low profile as if he didn’t exist.

On the one hand, it may be that Mr. Zhu’s "upright character" doesn’t like to promote himself, on the other hand, it is mainly that Gree Electric has never got rid of the status of a state-owned enterprise. In the era of Zhu Jianghong, the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission of Zhuhai, the major shareholder, was the absolute controlling shareholder, and his cadre status was far greater than that of an entrepreneur. This also caused Zhu Jianghong to be uncomfortable with major shareholders for a long time.

Before Gree Electric went public in the mid-1990s, he patted the table several times with the chairman of the group and his immediate boss. Later, Gree Electric became stronger and stronger, and his relationship with the group leaders was even more tense. 

In 2003, because of the trademark authorization, the two sides fell out and wrote articles to undermine each other in the media. After several rounds of diss, no one took advantage of it, and the two sides were completely torn. It was a man named Zhong Dajun who wrote an article suggesting that Zhu Jianghong was a Chu Shijian-style figure.

This accusation is very vicious. In 1998, Chu Shijian was sentenced in bribery and corruption crimes for allegedly embezzling state-owned assets. After that, the reform of state-owned enterprises started, and hundreds of millions of eyes all over the country focused on the loss of state-owned assets. And almost at the same time, Gu Chujun of Kelon fell into prison, and the initial fuse was an article by Lang Xianping. 

Therefore, when Zhong Dajun’s articles came out, the big and small media followed suit crazily. When Zhu Jianghong collapsed the most, he could see dozens of articles attacking him every day. Xu Rong, the then chairman of Gree Group, worked as a reporter and saved a lot of resources in the media circle, but he didn’t help Zhu Jianghong out. The aftermath of this incident didn’t completely subside until Zhu Jianghong defeated Zhong Dajun in court.

This Zhong Dajun had no sound after that, until this summer, he molested a girl on the Beijing subway and was filmed and reported to the police station. 

When Zhu Jianghong was 59 years old, he was asked to talk to someone to prepare him for retirement. But by this time, the situation has changed. The year before last, Gree Electric launched the share-trading scheme, and the state-owned assets supervision and administration commission (SASAC), the major shareholder, has lost its absolute controlling stake. Several major fund companies have explicitly requested Zhuhai SASAC that if the management team headed by Zhu Jianghong is replaced, they will no longer hold Gree shares. 

Who would have thought that party member, an old communist waiting to retire, was finally pushed to the stage by the power of capital for several years. After that, Zhu Jianghong not only stayed in office, but also served as the chairman of the group, which solved the so-called "father-son dispute" for many years.

With the insistence of the fund company, followed by Gree Electric’s equity incentive, the power of Zhuhai SASAC, the original major shareholder, gradually declined in several rounds of reform. In 12 years, Zhu Jianghong retired and Dong Mingzhu took over. Although she still wore the hat of a state-owned enterprise, Dong Jie also complained from time to time about the major shareholders, but on the whole, life in Gree Electric was much better. 

Gree beat most of the home appliance rivals, and it was inseparable from the good cooperation between Zhu Dong and Zhu Dong. Although Zhu Jianghong was immersed in technology, he was very generous to the sales department in the early days. At that time, the salary of many front-line salesmen was twenty or thirty times that of him, and he didn’t mind. In the early 1990s, the telephone was still a rarity. The only cell phone in the factory was always in the sales department, and the only car was transferred to the sales department for use. Zhu Jianghong walked to and from work by himself.

At that time in the 1980s and 1990s, the status of salespeople was relatively high as a whole, and those who could make money by profiteering were great people. Pan Shiyi, Feng Lun, Wang Shi and Ren Zhiqiang, the first thing they did when they went to sea was "selling things". Duan Yongping, a bully, is also famous for his fierce sales. Later, he talked to the company about the conditions and wanted the equity, but he simply walked away and made a step by step. 

In this case, Zhu Jianghong tried to reform in 1995, but it was a hornet’s nest. The sales department was dissatisfied with the decrease in income under the new system and almost all of them left overnight. In an emergency, Zhu Jianghong transferred Dong Mingzhu to Zhuhai to take charge of the operation department.

In Zhu Jianghong’s view, it was his discerning eye that provided a platform for Dong Mingzhu. But Dong Mingzhu was happy as a salesman at that time. In her heyday, her sales alone accounted for one-sixth of the company, earning millions a year. When she returned to Zhuhai as a place-level cadre, her salary was only 100,000 yuan, which was not as free as a salesman. In her autobiography, she said that she didn’t want to go back to Zhuhai at all, and finally reluctantly agreed, only "considering the overall development needs of the company."

So in Dong Mingzhu’s view, she was ordered to help Zhu Jianghong clean up the mess.

Therefore, shortly after her arrival, she took the knife from the person Zhu Jianghong brought from Guangxi, determined to get rid of nepotism in the company, and then asked Zhu Jianghong for financial rights, all of which were justified. Zhu Dong and Zhu Dong are both stubborn people, and Dong Mingzhu is competitive. Plus, after she became the general manager of Gree Electric, she made more publicity than Zhu Jianghong, so there was speculation that they were not in harmony at an early stage. 

This speculation didn’t come to light until Zhu Jianghong retired in 12 years. Some media reported that Zhu Jianghong had just retired for more than a month and went to Beijing to attend the award ceremony of the Household Electrical Appliances Association. He took a taxi from the airport alone. Gree has a branch in Beijing, but it has never appeared from beginning to end. As soon as the old leader went down, it’s still rare for people to take a cool tea.

According to a report in Time Weekly, after Zhu Jianghong retired, Dong Mingzhu was eager to make a show of himself, replacing almost all the photos of Zhu Jianghong in the exhibition hall on the first floor of Gree headquarters, and deliberately weakening Zhu Jianghong’s influence on Gree internally. 

Zhu Jianghong once said before his retirement that he could still work if the organization needed him. When he was interviewed by Caixin after his retirement, he felt that "every courtier once lived in heaven". Zhu Jianghong can’t just blame the apathy of the world. On the question of "Do you want to have a little personality cult", he really didn’t understand as Dong Mingzhu thought. 

As early as the summer of 2003, the TV series "No regrets in playing chess" based on Dong Mingzhu’s autobiography was broadcast in the prime-time file of 8 sets in the Central Committee. The production of this drama is very painstaking. The production team is experienced and experienced, playing Dong Mingzhu’s actress. In the 1990s, Zuo Ling won the Flying Award for Best Actress for starring in the TV series "The Pearl River". 

Dong Mingzhu’s autobiography was originally based on her personal experience, telling how she went from a single mother to a corporate executive step by step through the experience of a salesman. When it was adapted into a TV series, the producers, the Propaganda Department of Zhuhai Municipal Committee and CCTV Film and Television Center, enlarged the theme from the change of personal destiny to the reform of state-owned enterprises under the background of special economic zones. With this change, Dong Mingzhu in the play became a typical example of Zhuhai’s state-owned enterprise reform. 

Before and after the TV series was broadcast, this book was placed on the counters of many Gree dealers. Since then, Dong Mingzhu and Gree have been tied together. Gree Air Conditioning withdrew from Gome Store because Dong Mingzhu was facing Wong Kwong Yu in front of the stage. In 2006, CCTV selected the economic figures of the year, and Dong Mingzhu was elected as the general manager of Gree Electric. At the awarding ceremony, she told the host that if her TV series made a sequel, the name would be Gree My Pride. 

It can be said that in the era of Zhu Jianghong, when people mentioned Gree, they already knew only Dong Mingzhu.

After becoming the chairman of Gree Group in 12 years, Dong Mingzhu and Gree became more closely bound. In addition to being more active than all private entrepreneurs in public for the corporate brand platform, Gree Air Conditioning, sub-brands Dasong and Jinghong Refrigerator are also personally endorsed by Dong Mingzhu. In the last two years, the newly listed Gree mobile phone even has a Dong Mingzhu on its boot screen. All the schools sponsored by Gree Electric named their teaching buildings after Dong Mingzhu. 

Dong Mingzhu has never been unkind to the grass-roots employees. She and Liu Qiangdong are the outstanding representatives who care about the people in need. Green built two phases of Kangle Park for employees in his early years, and last year it was a stroke of a pen to let every employee live in two rooms and one living room.

With such a good leader, Gree departments at all levels have launched a horsepower publicity campaign to completely bind the image of Dong Mingzhu with Gree’s brand.

So today, Gree gave Dong Mingzhu less than 1% of the shares, but in the media, it is already named Dong.

02

After Zhu Jianghong retired in 12 years, Zhou Shaoqiang, as a young cadre with thousands of choices, was appointed as the group president and party secretary by Zhuhai SASAC. After the shareholders’ meeting, he entered the board of directors of Gree Electric and formed a new partner with Dong Mingzhu.

Gree Electric’s management was not satisfied with the practice of pushing people in without asking, and even refused to do face-saving projects, and remained completely silent about the candidate. It is said that there was a reverse canvassing before the shareholders’ meeting, and several fund companies that participated in the election also "contacted" the top management of Gree Electric before the meeting, so Zhou Shaoqiang knew in advance that there was no chance, so he simply didn’t participate.

Zhou Shaoqiang’s bad luck, which has been sulking, is not over yet. A few months later, he invited a guest to dinner as the general manager of Zhuhai Jinkong, and the matter of drinking 12 bottles of red wine was reported again. At that time, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai may still have a chance to save Zhou Shaoqiang, and the survey result only stated that the consumption was 4,689 yuan.

The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai really doesn’t know what’s going on. I didn’t understand the trend from "loose and soft" to "strict and hard" at all, and I was properly beaten by the investigation results of the Commission for Discipline Inspection:

"2 bottles in Zhou Botong in 2007, 2 bottles in Baron Manor in 2007, 5 bottles in Astor in 2004, 1 bottle in Admiralty in 1996, 1 bottle in Vuitton in 2000 and 1 bottle in Mouton in 1998 … … The total consumption is 37,517 yuan. "

Zhou Shaoqiang was given a disciplinary warning within the Party, and all his posts were wiped out to the end. Now he has left Zhuhai, leaving only the reputation of "Brother Wine" to be laughed at. Later, as a negative example, it appeared in the documentary "Zhengfeng Suji". In the film, there was also a leader of Zhuhai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, who said with regret:

"I still know this cadre well. He is young, smart and energetic. In the eyes of our colleagues, he is a young and promising talent."

When Dong Mingzhu commented on Zhou Shaoqiang to the media afterwards, he said that Gree was not a drinking culture, and people who didn’t adapt to Gree were bound to leave.

Young people born in 1970s are prone to make mistakes, so Zhuhai SASAC chose Meng Xiangkai, who is more experienced, to take over. Meng Xiangkai used to be the chairman and president of three old military enterprises, Xifei International, AVIC Tongfei and AVIC Heavy Industry. In terms of qualifications and resumes, it is really not a "high job" to be the chairman of Gree Group.

Dong Mingzhu also explained that a talent like Meng Xiangkai is definitely not her skill, but Gree is attractive. It is such an old Jianghu that has been fluttered by big winds and waves. After two years in Gree, it was still unknown for two years and then quietly left.

Two consecutive party secretaries have left. Last year, Zhuhai SASAC sent a young cadre named Zhou Lewei. In order to make cadre Zhou sit firmly, he also gave him the position of chairman of Dong Mingzhu Group.

Zhou Lewei used to be the chairman of Zhuhai Air Show, which is the most representative of Zhuhai’s image, and he was also a key local cadre. The SASAC made great efforts to push him to the position of chairman of the group, with obvious intention.

However, the abacus of Zhuhai SASAC may not be so easy to realize. Last year, after Dong Mingzhu was dismissed as the chairman of the group, the media under the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council issued an article explaining the "truth" of Dong Mingzhu’s resignation. At the end of the article, the article specifically emphasized that,

"It is hard to believe that the pattern of Zhuhai SASAC will be small enough to make full use of institutional tools to crowd out an industry leader, and there will be organizations with a pattern that is too small for one person. However, in today’s fair and transparent governance environment, no one dares to be presumptuous enough to use public power to openly send talents and discharge energy."

These words clearly seem to explain the decision of Zhuhai SASAC, but there is nothing wrong with explaining them as "knocking in the dark"

Over the years, Zhuhai SASAC has always felt that it is the major shareholder of Gree Electric, thinking about how to infiltrate the listed company Gree Electric through Gree Group as a bridgehead. However, the cadres sent here rarely have good fruit to eat.

As early as 2003, Gree Electric fell out with the group, and Xu Rong, the chairman of the group, planned to remove Zhu Jianghong from the board of directors. As a result, he was finally stopped by the above, and Xu Rong was quickly transferred. It is said that it was because the province gave an order to Zhuhai City to ask for a serious investigation of Gree Electric. 

Gree Group is a state-owned enterprise directly subordinate to SASAC, while Gree Electric is a listed company. Although Gree Group is a major shareholder, it has no holding. This gives Zhu Jianghong Dong Mingzhu room to maintain management control.

In 2005, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai wanted to sell Gree Electric, talked with several internationally renowned home appliance companies, and finally chose Carrier in the United States.

At that time, the concept of the world’s top 500 was very hot, and all localities tried their best to get involved with the top 500. Therefore, there was a wave of "outsourcing" of domestic brands, such as little nurses and Chinese toothpaste, which were all acquired by powerful foreign capital and turned into top 500 joint venture brands. 

Carrier in the United States is also one of the top 500 companies. Zhuhai feels that selling Gree Electric to Carrier can get a good price and attract a good foreign investment to the local area, which is a good thing to kill two birds with one stone. But this matter has always been behind Zhu Jianghong’s back and Dong Mingzhu’s back. When they know it, Carrier’s accountants are ready to go into the factory to take stock of assets. 

Zhu Jianghong was very frustrated when he learned that he had worked hard for many years to make a wedding dress for foreign businessmen. No matter how well Gree Electric managed, he couldn’t run out of a paper order, thinking that he could only accept his fate.

But Dong Mingzhu didn’t do it. She asked the staff to block the door, forbidding the carrier to come in, and quietly went to Guangzhou to complain to the secretary of the provincial party committee. The old secretary of the provincial party committee didn’t say anything on the spot after hearing Dong Mingzhu’s report that "national brands can’t fall", but soon the province sent a team of people to Gree Electric for investigation, and after a while, the acquisition was stopped. 

Small and medium shareholders have always supported Zhu Jianghong and Dong Mingzhu. Everyone knows that state-owned enterprises without owners are prone to moths, and the performance under Dong Mingzhu of Zhu Jianghong is stable. Who knows what will happen to the people sent by SASAC? Moreover, Dong Mingzhu has never been soft on dividends in recent years, and Gree’s share price has been rising all the way. Where can there be a second A-share?

It was not until last year that they said they would buy Yinlong, and the minority shareholders left Dong Mingzhu for the first time, which attracted Dong Mingzhu’s anger. Everyone was embarrassed to say it, and they were trained with a straight face, and their bodies were honest and voted against it. A company with assets of only five or six billion yuan, with a premium of 13 billion yuan, isn’t this going to be a big head? Most importantly, most of the acquired funds will be raised by issuing additional shares. Once the additional shares are issued, everyone’s shares will be diluted, and shareholders will certainly not be willing.

After all, they all learned to speculate in the China stock market, and no one wants to meet another Jia Yueting. 

03

More dangerous than the rejection of Yinlong’s acquisition is Yao Zhenhua’s "knocking on the door" last year. Both Dong Mingzhu and Zhu Jianghong have been careful to maintain a balance between the capital market and SASAC, so as to maintain the management’s control over enterprises.

But when Yao Zhenhua was so unreasonable, he made people panic in the A-share market, forcing Wang Shi to bow and apologize. Once he became a big shareholder of Gree, Dong Mingzhu’s seesaw game could not be played any more. Fortunately, it is the red line set by our party for the financial system after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Yao Zhenhua has to feel whether this red line is electrified or not. 

As a result, a lightning bolt of "evil spirit" and "harmful essence" came down, and Yao boss was not allowed to enter the insurance industry for ten years, and Vanke’s investment did not count. Finally, he learned the power of Miss Dong.

Dong Mingzhu has become a online celebrity in the past two years. Supporters think she is quick-talking and a strong woman, while opponents think Gree’s propaganda on Dong Mingzhu is a bit disgusting.

I really can’t blame Miss Dong for this. China has long been a male-dominated society, especially in the business world, where there are very few female entrepreneurs except one party and heiress in the mom-and-pop shop. Therefore, those who praise the quality of business leaders are all male-biased words. 

Dong Mingzhu, who hold hundreds of billions of state-owned enterprises by her own ability, deus ex was in a shopping mall where male hormones overflowed, and at the same time she was promoted as "beautiful", "generous" and "intellectual" in her autobiography. These are typical words used to describe women, which is really strange. butTo the leadership, Dong Mingzhu’s character is loyalty, honesty, responsibility and courage, which is a great advantage. 

When Gree Electric signed an investment agreement with Brazil in 1998, the then Guangdong Provincial Party Secretary was present in person, praising Gree Electric as "a good start". A few years later, I heard that Gree Electric was building a production line in Brazil, and the new Guangdong Provincial Party Secretary who was visiting South America also took time out of his busy schedule to attend the signing ceremony. On the spot, he also encouraged Dong Mingzhu to say that Gree was the "pearl" of Guangdong. 

Later, the two old secretaries were transferred to Beijing, and they met the Guangdong delegation at the annual meeting. They also did not forget to encourage Dong Mingzhu to continue to make Gree bigger and stronger. 

It seems that Dong Mingzhu spoke bluntly, offended a circle of people, and even dared to criticize the Zhuhai SASAC in public, which seemed to be particularly politically incorrect. But in fact, Dong Mingzhu has always been able to understand the ideas of higher-level decision makers. 

When he attended the National People’s Congress for the first time in 2003, he saw that the Great Hall of the People still used foreign air conditioners, and Dong Mingzhu vowed to make the Great Hall of the People use Gree air conditioners. After environmental protection became a new topic, one year when Dong Mingzhu went to Beijing for a meeting, he was inspired by a foggy day. He came back to ask the technical department to protect the environment and save energy, and produce air conditioners that don’t consume electricity. The technical department was forced to produce photovoltaic air conditioners, which Dong Mingzhu advertised with Wang Jianlin. 

During the years of high-speed rail development, more than 30 high-speed railway station were opened to traffic, and the Gree air conditioners selected required to be installed within a few months. After Dong Mingzhu set the deadline, he announced internally that if he failed to do so, he would be dismissed on the spot. 

Many local governments welcome Dong Mingzhu. First, Gree is a well-known enterprise. Second, Dong Mingzhu advocates militarized management within Gree, which always refers to where to fight, and its execution is particularly strong, and it almost never disappoints people. 

It is said that no matter where a production line is built, Dong Mingzhu requires at least eight months and at most one and a half years, and products must appear. Therefore, Dong Mingzhu is very popular at every meeting.

Yinlong’s new production base was chosen in Tianjin, and the newly appointed party secretary in Tianjin had a good relationship with Dong Mingzhu. In his early years, the secretary worked in Guangdong Province, and the two of them had an intersection. Later, Secretary Li was transferred to Hubei, and Dong Jie’s EMBA degree was also obtained from Zhongnan University of Finance and Economics during his tenure in Hubei. Although Dong Mingzhu made a billion-dollar bet with Lei Jun, the heart of Wuhan people, to give a speech in Wuhan, he was still happy to call himself a "Wuhan native".

So Dong Mingzhu knocked on the desk of Ruan Chengfa, secretary of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee, and Secretary Ruan wouldn’t be angry at all. He also promised Dong Mingzhu that as long as he had difficulties, he would look for him directly. 

In 12 years, when the then secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee participated in the deliberation of the Zhuhai delegation, Dong Mingzhu sued the Guangdong Provincial Finance Bureau on the spot and confided that Gree Electric had been unfairly treated in a bidding project in Guangdong Province. Dong Mingzhu explained: "I’m not challenging the government. The actions of individuals can’t represent the government. This is damaging the image of the government. "Secretary Wang encouraged Dong Mingzhu to" sue him "on the spot.

Later, this incident also prompted the Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress to amend the Procurement Law. Dong Mingzhu said, "This is beneficial to the society, the government and the country, and I am responsible for the country by doing so." Dong Mingzhu once said: You can scold me, but you can’t scold my enterprise. Since the case of Yao Zhenhua and Yinlong, Dong Mingzhu’s attitude has become to criticize China for not making it.

Moreover, Dong Mingzhu also knew this problem before others. In 12 years, after she became the chairman of Gree Electric, she asked party member in Gree to wear party constitution when she went to work. In the second year, Gree Electric’s annual meeting was specially held in a military training base. All employees from Dong Mingzhu wore military uniforms, lived in military camps together and sang military songs, and received four days of military training. 

Therefore, neither the former State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai nor the later Yao Zhenhua realized that although Gree Electric looks like a listed company with scattered shares and private capital as the majority share, Zhuhai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is the direct leader of Gree Group. But in fact, it is an "invisible central enterprise" that leaders care about, the masses pay attention to and the society has great influence.

Of course, now people are gradually aware of this problem, so neither the Zhuhai SASAC nor the capital market will easily express their views on Dong Mingzhu’s future.

Just because you don’t say anything doesn’t mean you don’t have an attitude. Gree’s current business growth has encountered a looming ceiling. First of all, in terms of overall revenue, old rivals Midea and Haier will take the lead in entering the era of 200 billion revenue. In Gree’s most dominant single item, air conditioning, Midea is only one step away.

At this time, Zhu Jianghong, the old leader, made some noises from time to time, reminding Dong Mingzhu not to deviate from the route of focusing air conditioning. There are also some media outlets that keep circulating the news to remind shareholders and users that Dong Mingzhu just hitchhiked on the original development momentum of Gree, and there has been no breakthrough in the past five years.

There are also some news from Zhuhai municipal government. Although airborne troops will not be sent again, they will support talents within Gree. For example, Huang Hui, who has just become CEO, will take some responsibilities from Dong Mingzhu in his next term.

Last year, the chairman of the group was dismissed, and the tough Dong Mingzhu shed tears, saying that too few people sent carbon in the snow, which was not melodramatic at all. However, the capital market is the icing on the cake. During Dong Mingzhu’s second term, apart from Zhu Jianghong’s old route, he put forward three routes one after another, namely diversification, Gree mobile phone and automobile, but none of them have been fully implemented.

The promised 50 million Gree mobile phone has not been seen yet, and it is an idiotic dream that Huawei ranks first and I rank second. New energy vehicles were rejected by timid shareholders. Although Dong Mingzhu is the second largest shareholder of Yinlong, it is still Wei Yincang’s company. Not only did Dong Mingzhu subjectively say that Yinlong would not be the focus of his work, but objectively Gree’s position in the industry was far from that of Yinlong.

So if 2018 goes on, Gree’s Dong Mingzhu era, which started in 2012, will be an ordinary full stop, not an exclamation point. When a blueprint is painted to the end, Dong Mingzhu should prefer it to be a comma for the time being, and then draw an exclamation point in three years.

The choice of cost performance Mercedes EQE wheelbase is 3120mm.

What xiaobian wants to introduce to you today is. Let’s take you to appreciate its style.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face design of Mercedes-Benz EQE is relatively young and unforgettable. Paired with headlights, it is very visually impactful. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, adaptive far and near light, automatic steering, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4969 mm * 1906 mm * 1514 mm. The car adopts fashionable and simple lines, and the car side looks very eye-catching, with large-sized thick-walled tires, and the shape is eye-catching. In the design of the rear end, the rear end looks unique, and the taillights look simple and fashionable, creating a good atmosphere.

Coming into the car, Mercedes-Benz EQE interior styling is more eye-catching, which makes people feel very fashionable and simple. The car’s steering wheel is very delicate, equipped with electric up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel memory, and other functions, and the grip performance is good. Take a look at the central control. The car is decorated with a sharp touch OLED central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and looks very spiritual. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The car is equipped with a young and fashionable dashboard, which shows excellent results. The car adopts leather-like seats, and the seats are wrapped in place, which improves the riding experience of drivers and passengers.

Mercedes-Benz EQE matching gearbox, 100 km acceleration time of 6.7s, power to meet daily use completely OK.

Mercedes-Benz EQE space performs well, and the leg head space is quite comfortable, which brings a better ride experience. At the same time, the car is equipped with fatigue warning, anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), brake force distribution (EBD) main driver airbag, co-pilot airbag, knee airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

To sum up: such a car with the right price is enough to meet the daily practical needs, and it doesn’t take much thought to maintain it at ordinary times, and the price is good.

Ministry of Finance: Impose a 10% consumption tax on ultra-luxury cars in retail.

  The industry believes that a consumption tax on luxury cars in the retail sector will not only reasonably guide consumption, but also increase fiscal revenue.

  The Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation issued a notice yesterday, saying that in order to guide rational consumption and promote energy conservation and emission reduction, with the approval of the State Council, consumption tax will be imposed on ultra-luxury cars. This regulation will be implemented as of December 1, 2016.

  Tax will be increased by 10% on the sales of ultra-luxury cars.

  The notice pointed out that the sub-tax item of "super luxury cars" will be added under the tax item of "cars". The scope of collection is passenger cars and light commercial buses with a retail price of 1.3 million yuan (excluding value-added tax) and above, that is, ultra-luxury cars in the sub-tax items of passenger cars and light commercial buses. For ultra-luxury cars, on the basis of the consumption tax levied at the current tax rate in the production (import) link, the consumption tax is levied at the retail link, and the tax rate is 10%. The notice makes it clear that the units and individuals that sell ultra-luxury cars to consumers are taxpayers in the retail link of ultra-luxury cars.

  10% consumption tax will not be levied on the sold vehicles for filing within 5 days.

  For distribution channels, will the vehicles that have signed automobile sales contracts before November 30 be affected by the adjustment of the consumption tax on ultra-luxury cars? It is understood that for ultra-luxury cars that have signed automobile sales contracts before November 30 (inclusive), but have not delivered the real thing, taxpayers will file the signed automobile sales contracts with their competent tax authorities within 5 working days from December 1 (inclusive). According to the notice information, the retail consumption tax with the tax rate of 10% will not be levied for those who are filed according to the regulations, and the retail consumption tax will be levied if they are not filed and not filed within the prescribed time limit.

  It is difficult to manage the tax after tax collection.

  According to the information, when the consumption tax was implemented in 1994, it included automobile tax items. In the consumption tax reform in 2006, the automobile consumption tax was adjusted. It is understood that the current car tax items are divided into two categories: passenger cars and medium and light commercial buses. Among them, the larger the cylinder capacity of passenger cars, the higher the tax rate of consumption tax, and the tax rate ranges from 1% to 40%. Passenger cars with a cylinder capacity of more than 4 liters will be subject to a consumption tax rate of up to 40%. The consumption tax rate of 5% is applicable to medium and light commercial buses. The taxation link is in the production and import links.

  According to industry analysts, a consumption tax will be levied on luxury cars in the retail sector, with the aim of reasonably guiding consumption and increasing fiscal revenue.

  "The consumption tax collection link is changed to the retail link. The advantage is that the final selling price of goods can be taxed, and the tax base is obviously expanded, which can increase fiscal revenue and reasonably guide consumption, but the challenge is that the collection and management are difficult." The above analysis pointed out that the relevant departments took luxury cars as a breakthrough and imposed a consumption tax on the retail sector, which is also based on the fact that there are not many 4S retail stores in China compared with retail stores such as tobacco and alcohol, and it is relatively easy to control. This will provide experience for the next stage of other tax items to move back.

  Text/reporter Ren Xiaoyuan

  affect

  The actual impact on car buyers will not be great.

  At present, the models with more than 1.3 million yuan are basically ultra-luxury car brands such as Bentley, Maserati and Porsche. In addition, some brands such as BMW X6, BMW 7 Series, Mercedes-Benz GL Series and Audi A8 have reached this level. Therefore, the influence of the new consumption tax policy is relatively small and fixed. But at present, it should not have much impact on the sales in this market.

  China’s automobile consumption tax was established in 1994, and the latest automobile consumption tax reform was in 2008. The tax rate for passenge cars with displacement of 3.0L to 4.0L is raise from 15% to 25%, and that for passenger cars with displacement of 4.0L is raised to 40%. Reduce the consumption tax rate of small-displacement passenger cars, and reduce the tax rate from 3% to 1% for passenger cars with displacement below 1.0L This time, the tax rate will be increased by 10% for ultra-luxury cars with a price of more than 1.3 million yuan. This adjustment mainly affects the sales of imported vehicles.

  According to the previous consumption tax policy, the tax rate of ultra-luxury cars is basically 40% high-end. Compared with the consumption tax of 40%, the current 25% tariff and 17% value-added tax have become small heads, so for luxury cars with a price of several million yuan, the consumption tax itself is an important factor to increase the difference between domestic and foreign car prices. Judging from the new policy introduced this time, an additional 10% consumption tax will be imposed on ultra-luxury cars with a price of more than 1.3 million yuan, which will not have a great impact on car buyers. In fact, many 4S shops will basically increase the price of ultra-luxury cars by 100 thousand to several hundred thousand yuan above the manufacturer’s guide price before they can pick up the car, and most car buyers also acquiesce to this.

  Text/reporter zhangqin

  extend

  Whether the purchase tax on small-displacement vehicles will continue to be halved is inconclusive.

  In fact, in the automobile consumption, there is also an essential expenditure, which is the purchase tax. China’s automobile purchase tax rate is set at 10%, which accounts for a large proportion in the cost of car purchase. However, at present, China has adopted a preferential policy of halving the purchase tax for small-displacement vehicles of 1.6 liters or less, that is, it is levied at 5% of the vehicle price, which has played a significant role in promoting the consumption of small-displacement vehicles.

  The preferential policy of halving the purchase tax on small-displacement vehicles has been implemented since October 1, 2015. According to the plan at that time, the policy will expire on December 31, 2016, which means that there is still a whole month left. Up to now, there is no official explanation on whether the preferential policy of halving the purchase tax will continue, and more is speculation from outside. It is also reported that various departments at the government level have different opinions on whether to continue this policy. Earlier, some media reported that on November 1, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Finance and other ministries and commissions held departmental meetings to study whether to continue this policy, but no news came out since then.

  The data shows that the prices of 1.6-liter and below displacement models are mostly concentrated below 200,000 yuan. According to the current preferential policies, the purchase tax for bicycles ranges from 3,000 to 10,000 yuan. Once this policy is cancelled next year, it is likely to drive the sales ratio of models above 1.6 liters to increase in a short time. According to the data of China Automobile Association, in 2015, the sales of passenger cars of 1.6 liters and below reached 14,508,600, an increase of 10.38% over the same period of last year, which was higher than the overall growth rate of passenger cars and accounted for 68.6% of the sales of passenger cars.

  Text/reporter zhangqin for the picture/vision china

Is the AI+ battlefield "Oppenheimer moment"? New trends of U.S. military AI deployment from the beginning

This year, the news that AI has been applied to all walks of life has continued, but while paying attention to development, some people have also begun to issue warnings. The original author of the film Oppenheimer said in an interview that AI is a new round of "Oppenheimer moment" that we are facing today. Is this statement true? Master Tan found the answer in the process of upgrading American AI military applications. Poke the video to see how the US AI military means have been upgraded in recent years.

Regulations on the recall of defective automobile products (the State Council Decree No.626th)

decree of the state council of the people’s republic of china

sequence 626 number

  "Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall" has been adopted at the 219th executive meeting in the State Council on October 10, 2012, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of January 1, 2013.
                            General manager Wen Jiabao
                              October 22nd, 2012

?

Regulations on the recall management of defective automobile products

  the first In order to standardize the recall of defective automobile products, strengthen supervision and management, and ensure personal and property safety, these regulations are formulated.
  the second These Regulations shall apply to the recall, supervision and management of automobiles and automobile trailers (hereinafter referred to as automobile products) produced and sold in China.
  Article The term "defects" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to the situation that the automobile products in the same batch, model or category generally do not meet the national standards and industry standards for protecting personal and property safety or other unreasonable dangers that endanger personal and property safety.
  The recall mentioned in these Regulations refers to the activities of automobile product producers to take measures to eliminate defects in their sold automobile products.
  Article 4 The State Council product quality supervision department is responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products nationwide.
  The relevant departments of the State Council are responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products within their respective responsibilities.
  Article 5 The State Council’s product quality supervision departments may entrust the product quality supervision departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the import and export commodity inspection agencies to be responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products.
  The State Council product quality supervision department defective product recall technical institutions in accordance with the provisions of the State Council product quality supervision department, undertake the specific technical work of defective automobile product recall.
  Article 6 Any unit or individual has the right to complain about the possible defects of automobile products to the product quality supervision department, and the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall announce the telephone number, e-mail address and mailing address of accepting complaints to the public in a way that is convenient for the public to know.
  The State Council product quality supervision department shall establish a defective automobile product recall information management system, collect, summarize, analyze and process information about defective automobile products.
  Product quality supervision departments, competent departments of automobile products, competent departments of commerce, customs, traffic management departments of public security organs, competent departments of transportation, administrative departments for industry and commerce and other relevant departments shall establish a sharing mechanism for information on the production, sales, import, registration and inspection, maintenance, consumer complaints and recall of automobile products.
  Article 7 Product quality supervision departments and relevant departments, institutions and their staff members shall not disclose business secrets and personal information they know when performing their duties as stipulated in these Regulations.
  Article 8 For defective automobile products, producers shall recall them all in accordance with these regulations; If the producer fails to recall, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall order it to recall in accordance with these regulations.
  The term "producer" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to an enterprise legally established in China to produce automobile products and issue product certificates in its name.
  Enterprises that import automobile products from outside China and sell them in China shall be regarded as the producers mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
  Article 9 The producer shall establish and keep information records on the design, manufacture, identification and inspection of automobile products, as well as information records on the owners of automobile products for the first time, and the retention period shall not be less than 10 years.
  Article 10 The producer shall report the following information to the product quality supervision department of the State Council for the record:
  (1) Basic information of producers;
  (two) the technical parameters of automobile products and the owner information of the first sale of automobile products;
  (3) Information on repair, replacement and return of automobile products due to faults that endanger personal and property safety;
  (4) Information on the recall of automobile products outside China;
  (five) other information required by the the State Council product quality supervision department for the record.
  Article 11 Operators who sell, lease or repair automobile products (hereinafter referred to as operators) shall establish and keep information records related to automobile products in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council, and the retention period shall not be less than 5 years.
  Operators who know that there are defects in automobile products shall immediately stop selling, leasing and using defective automobile products, and assist producers in implementing the recall.
  The operator shall report to the product quality supervision department of the State Council and inform the producers of the relevant information about the possible defects of the automobile products.
  Article 12 If the manufacturer knows that there may be defects in automobile products, he shall immediately organize investigation and analysis, and truthfully report the results of the investigation and analysis to the product quality supervision department of the State Council.
  If the manufacturer confirms that the automobile product is defective, it shall immediately stop producing, selling and importing the defective automobile product and carry out a recall.
  Article 13 If the product quality supervision department of the State Council learns that there may be defects in automobile products, it shall immediately notify the producers to carry out investigation and analysis; If the producer fails to carry out investigation and analysis in accordance with the notice, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall carry out defect investigation.
  The State Council product quality supervision department believes that there may be defects in automobile products that will cause serious consequences, and can directly carry out defect investigation.
  Article 14 The State Council’s product quality supervision department can carry out defect investigation, enter the production and business premises of producers and operators to conduct on-site investigation, consult and copy relevant materials and records, and learn about possible defects of automobile products from relevant units and individuals.
  The producer shall cooperate with the defect investigation and provide the relevant materials, products and special equipment needed for the investigation. The operator shall cooperate with the defect investigation and provide the relevant information needed for the investigation.
  The product quality supervision department of the State Council shall not use the materials, products and special equipment provided by producers and operators for purposes other than technical inspection and appraisal required for defect investigation.
  Article 15 If the product quality supervision department of the State Council believes that there are defects in the automobile products, it shall notify the producers to carry out the recall.
  If the manufacturer thinks that there is no defect in its automobile products, he may raise an objection to the product quality supervision department of the State Council within 15 working days from the date of receiving the notice, and provide supporting materials. The product quality supervision department of the State Council shall organize experts who have no interest in the producers to demonstrate the certification materials, and carry out technical inspection or appraisal of automobile products when necessary.
  If the producer neither recalls in accordance with the notice nor raises any objection within the time limit specified in the second paragraph of this article, or if the product quality supervision department of the State Council organizes demonstration, technical inspection and appraisal in accordance with the second paragraph of this article to confirm that the automobile product is defective, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall order the producer to recall; Producers shall immediately stop producing, selling and importing defective automobile products and carry out a recall.
  Article 16 The producer shall make a recall plan in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council and report it to the product quality supervision department of the State Council for the record. Revising the recorded recall plan shall be re-filed.
  The producer shall carry out the recall according to the recall plan.
  Article 17 The producer shall notify the seller of the recall plan filed with the product quality supervision department of the State Council at the same time, and the seller shall stop selling defective automobile products.
  Article 18 When the manufacturer recalls, it shall release information in a way that is convenient for the public to know, and inform the owner of the defects in the automobile products, emergency disposal methods to avoid damage and measures taken by the producer to eliminate defects.
  The State Council’s product quality supervision department shall promptly announce to the public the confirmed information of defective automobile products and the relevant information of the manufacturer’s recall.
  The owner shall cooperate with the producer to carry out the recall.
  Article 19 For the recalled defective automobile products, the manufacturer shall promptly take measures such as amending or supplementing the marks, repairing, replacing and returning the products to eliminate the defects.
  The producer shall bear the cost of eliminating defects and the necessary cost of transporting defective automobile products.
  Article 20 The producer shall submit a recall stage report and a recall summary report in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council.
  Article 21 The State Council product quality supervision department shall supervise the implementation of the recall, and organize experts who have no interest with the producers to evaluate the effect of eliminating defects by the producers.
  Article 22 Producers in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, one of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections; Refuses to correct, a fine of 50 thousand yuan and 200 thousand yuan:
  (1) Failing to keep information records about automobile products and owners in accordance with regulations;
  (2) Failing to file relevant information and recall plan in accordance with regulations;
  (3) Failing to submit the relevant recall report as required.
  Article 23 In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, in any of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections; Refuses to correct, a fine of 500 thousand yuan and 1 million yuan; If there is illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; If the circumstances are serious, the licensing authority shall revoke the relevant license:
  (a) producers and operators do not cooperate with the defect investigation of product quality supervision departments;
  (2) The producer fails to carry out the recall according to the recorded recall plan;
  (3) The producer fails to inform the seller of the recall plan.
  Article 24 If a producer violates the provisions of these Regulations and has any of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections and impose a fine of more than 1% and less than 10% of the value of defective automobile products; If there is illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; If the circumstances are serious, the licensing authority shall revoke the relevant license:
  (1) Failing to stop producing, selling or importing defective automobile products;
  (2) Concealing the defects;
  (3) refusing to recall after being ordered to recall.
  Article 25 In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, the personnel engaged in the supervision and administration of defective automobile product recall shall be punished according to law if they commit any of the following acts:
  (a) the information, products and special equipment provided by producers and operators are used for purposes other than technical inspection and appraisal required for defect investigation;
  (2) disclosing the business secrets or personal information of the parties concerned;
  (three) other dereliction of duty, abuse of power.
  Article 26 In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, which constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
  Article 27 If there are defects in the tires that are not equipped with the vehicle when the automobile products leave the factory, the tire manufacturer shall be responsible for recalling them. Specific measures shall be formulated by the product quality supervision department of the State Council with reference to these regulations.
  Article 28 The recall of defective automobile products by producers in accordance with these regulations does not exempt them from the responsibilities they should bear according to law.
  If the automobile products have quality problems other than those stipulated in these Regulations, the owners have the right to require the producers and sellers to bear corresponding legal responsibilities such as repair, replacement, return and compensation for losses in accordance with the product quality law, consumer rights protection law and other laws, administrative regulations, relevant state regulations and contractual agreements.
  Article 29 These Regulations shall come into force as of January 1, 2013.

Do you eat healthier in 2019?

As the Spring Festival approaches, law enforcement officers of the Yushui District Market Supervision Bureau in Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province conduct on-site rapid detection of vegetable pesticide residues at Guanxia Smart Farmers Market. Photo by Liao Haijin/Bright Picture

A college student food festival was held in Shanghai. The picture shows the "fleshy" Mu Si cake as a dessert in the dining hall of Shanghai Ocean University. Xinhua news agency

Citizens and tourists visit the Chongqing New Year Food Festival. Xinhua news agency

Villagers in Kangzhuang Village, Qukou Town, Xianghe County, Hebei Province are drying red and white sausages. Xinhua news agency

  Is "artificial meat" edible? Is online celebrity food reliable? Are probiotics really useful? What foods have you paid attention to in the past 2019? What troubles have they brought you? Food safety concerns people’s health and life safety. At the "Media Communication Meeting on Scientific Interpretation of Food Safety and Health Hotspots in 2019", which was directed by China Association for Science and Technology and hosted by chinese institute of food science and technology recently, experts combed and interpreted the hot events of food safety that the public paid attention to in the past year, and made suggestions for food safety supervision by popularizing food safety knowledge through examples. This edition extracts some hot topics to interpret.

"artificial meat"

Scientific and technological problems to be solved, standards and regulations to be improved.

  Interpretation expert: Wang Shouwei (Director of China Meat Food Comprehensive Research Center and Dean of Beijing Food Science Research Institute)

  "Artificial meat" is synonymous with foods that are not naturally produced and have a similar taste to meat. It is usually divided into two categories: vegetable protein meat and cell cultured meat. The emergence of "artificial meat" on the one hand is to meet the rapidly growing meat demand of consumers, on the other hand, it provides a way to effectively reduce the land occupation of animal husbandry, the use of water resources and greenhouse gas emissions, and solve the problems of environmental protection and sustainable development.

  In recent years, the processing technology of vegetable protein meat is becoming more and more mature at home and abroad, and many enterprises have developed vegetable protein meat products with vegetable protein as raw materials. The research on using animal stem cells to produce cells to cultivate meat has also made great progress, and many enterprises have announced that they can develop cells to cultivate meat in the laboratory. Vegetable protein meat has great market potential and a high degree of commercialization. In the future, developing products more similar to real meat has become a direction for the food industry and scientific and technological circles.

  In the innovation and development of "artificial meat", it is necessary to increase scientific and technological input and solve the existing scientific and technological problems of "artificial meat". For example, research on the formation mechanism, raw material supply and processing technology of vegetable protein meat should be carried out to build a new research and development system. In the process of industrialization, we pay attention to improving the flavor, texture and nutrition of products, and constantly meet the increasingly diversified needs of consumers. Carry out research on the basic theory and key production technology of cell-cultured meat, and establish a production technology system of cell-cultured meat suitable for human food manufacturing.

  While innovating and developing, adhering to product quality and safety is the foundation of the development of "artificial meat". It is suggested that the new ingredients and new production technology added in the production of "artificial meat" should be systematically evaluated for safety, and an independent standard system and an objective supervision system should be formed in the evaluation of product safety and nutritional components, so as to promote the benign development of the industry.

  Scientific and rigorous standards are the cornerstone of the healthy development of the industry. In China, the development momentum of vegetable protein meat industry has been formed, and the product categories are relatively mature, but the existing laws and regulations are not suitable for product innovation and industry development; The development of its standard should be carried out as soon as possible, and the definition, classification method and production technology should be clearly defined, which will provide convenience for government supervision and provide reference for the direction of production and innovation of products in the industry. In addition, the research and development of cell-cultured meat in China is still in its infancy, but the development speed is very fast, and the research on standards and supervision methods has just begun; The division of supervisory responsibilities and division of labor system should be clarified, and a strict system of standards and laws should be formed. In addition, public science popularization should be carried out to guide consumers to correctly understand and rationally consume "artificial meat".

Online celebrity food

Strictly guard against the transformation of "red and black"

  Interpretation expert: Ma Guansheng (Head of the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University College of Public Health)

  Some sellers make use of social media’s special publicity and marketing methods to dress up homemade food as "online celebrity" food, which is popular in the circle of friends. From home-made delicious food to home-brewed fruit wine, from morning tea snacks to midnight snacks, from beauty soup to dietary remedies, there are all kinds of foods in the circle. Online food attracts waves of consumers with its novel appearance, photos or taste. However, when consumers buy food, they often ignore the quality of the food itself, including raw materials, production date, shelf life and production address.

  Due to the special sales channels (such as WeChat circle of friends, micro-stores), online celebrity food has some problems, such as difficult management and lack of effective supervision mechanism. Taking the incident of "there is no milk in milk tea" in online celebrity as an example, China’s national standard "Tea Beverage" (GB/T 21733-2008) defines milk tea drinks and milk tea-flavored drinks as liquid drinks prepared by taking water extract of tea or its concentrated solution and tea powder as raw materials and adding one or more of milk or dairy products, sugar and/or sweeteners, edible milk flavor essence, etc. Although there is a requirement for the protein content of milk tea in this standard (≥ 0.5%), but milk or dairy products are still only one of a variety of optional ingredients, not a hard requirement. Therefore, due to the lack of clear standards for existing milk tea, there is an embarrassing situation that "milk tea does not contain milk", which increases the maneuverability of merchants and brings blind spots to food safety supervision.

  It is suggested to improve the supervision mechanism and clarify the responsibilities and supervision methods of all parties in the business activities of non-traditional foods such as online food sales. At the same time, strengthen regular sampling and random inspection, and urge network platforms and production operators to implement the main responsibility. Strike hard at illegal food safety behaviors in online sales, strictly investigate and deal with behaviors such as "brushing the bill" and "false comments", and protect consumers’ rights and safety with strict supervision.

  Online celebrity food is mainly sold through the online platform, so the online platform should assume the responsibility of screening and supervision. The network platform should establish a mechanism to help the superior and limit the inferior, strictly control the entry threshold of merchants, inspect and regularly review their retail qualifications and relevant licenses for selling products, and prevent counterfeit and shoddy foods from being sold on the network platform. Food enterprises and individual food producers should strengthen the construction of industrial chain safety, ensure the safety and traceability of product sources, make the product chain clear, and prevent and control risks. As consumers themselves, they should constantly improve their health literacy and food safety literacy, make rational purchases, and not blindly "chase after the red".

probiotics

The efficacy has the specificity of strains and people.

  Interpretation expert: Chen Wei (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, Chairman of Probiotics Branch of chinese institute of food science and technology, Vice President of Jiangnan University); He Guoqing (Vice Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Probiotics Branch, Professor of Zhejiang University)

  Probiotics have a strict definition: they must be living microorganisms, which are beneficial to the health of the host when ingested in sufficient quantities. Moreover, the health function of probiotics should be based on scientific and rigorous clinical trial evaluation and evidence-based medical evidence. At present, tens of thousands of published academic papers have studied the functions of different probiotic strains, confirming that the core function of probiotics is to improve the health of human gastrointestinal tract. In addition, in vitro experiments such as cell model, animal experiments and human experiments show that probiotics may have potential beneficial functions to improve metabolism and nervous system. However, in vitro experiments and the actual human digestive system are completely different worlds, and the results of in vitro experiments can never be used to claim the functions of probiotics. Animal experiments can be used as a reference, but it needs to be confirmed by large-scale and deeper human or clinical experiments.

  It is a long-term, rigorous and scientific process for human beings to explore the efficacy of probiotics. At present, there are various probiotic products with claimed functions on the market. However, it should be emphasized that the academic community has reached a consensus that the core function of probiotics is to improve gastrointestinal health.

  Generally speaking, the mainstream probiotic strains in the market are all isolated from healthy people and fermented foods with a long history of safe use. Most of them are considered as non-pathogenic symbiotic microorganisms, and their safety has been recognized by authoritative organizations. Of course, for sick individuals, such as patients with severe infection or immunodeficiency, they should be used with caution or consult a doctor.

  It should also be noted that the efficacy of probiotics has the specificity of strains and people. There are differences in probiotic efficacy among different strains; There are also differences in physiological regulation of probiotics among different hosts. Therefore, in the future, we should confirm the relevant probiotic functions at the strain level, judge and apply the individual functions of probiotics according to the individual characteristics of different hosts, and pay attention to personalized precise nutrition. Of course, the industrial application of probiotics must also be verified by scientific and rigorous processes. For example, the species, even the genetic composition and basic physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain are first studied, and then the adaptability, safety and probiotic characteristics of the strain are evaluated in turn, and finally the probiotic dosage and probiotic combination with satisfactory efficacy are selected.

  In addition, consumers should choose probiotic-related products scientifically and reasonably. For lactic acid bacteria drinks, consumers should pay attention to distinguish product types when purchasing. According to the relevant standards in China, the labels of lactic acid bacteria drinks should be marked with live bacteria (non-sterilization) or non-live bacteria (sterilization), and they can be distinguished by labels when purchasing. When consumers buy yogurt, they should keep it reasonably according to the label. Low-temperature yogurt should be sold in cold storage. When they return home after purchase, they should put it in the refrigerator as soon as possible and drink it in time to ensure its strain activity.

  Probiotics have individual differences in their effects on health, and there is no "all-purpose" probiotic strain, which is suitable for everyone and all physical conditions. We should further strengthen the popular science education of consumers, popularize the professional knowledge of probiotics and clarify the scientific concept of "quantity" of probiotics, so that consumers can rationally choose probiotic products.

Self-heating food

It is necessary to cross the safety hurdle of "self-heating package"

  Interpretation expert: Lu Fuping (Vice President of chinese institute of food science and technology and Vice President of Tianjin University of Science and Technology)

  Self-heating food is a product that heats food with flameless self-heater and quickly reheates it to edible state. In recent years, a series of self-heating products represented by self-heating hot pot have developed rapidly. Besides the common self-heating hot pot and self-heating rice, there are also self-heating porridge, noodles, rice noodles, soup, etc., which are diverse and meet the urgent needs of consumers for hot food in more consumption scenarios.

  Although the safety of self-heating food is generally controllable, the safety risk of "self-heating package" should be paid full attention to. Since self-heating food uses the chemical reaction between heating agent and water to generate heat to heat the food. Occasional phenomena such as "self-heated food rupture" or "unstable temperature of self-heated food" have aroused people’s concern about the safety of self-heated food.

  Under the current self-heating technology in China, the chemical self-heating package used for self-heating food is mostly magnesium/iron for military use and aluminum-water for civilian use. No matter what kind of heating package, a small amount of hydrogen will be produced when heating. If individuals eat or a small number of people gather to eat, even in a closed environment, the amount of hydrogen generated by the heating of the heating package is far from the limit that can cause explosion. Under normal circumstances, the normal products will be eaten according to the normal operating procedures, and there will be no risk and safety problems such as cracking. However, if people eat a lot of self-heating food at the same time in a closed environment, or if the vent hole on the self-heating food packaging box is blocked, there may be potential safety hazards, which need to be paid full attention to.

  It is suggested to increase the research on the safety of self-heating package and develop a self-heating package with high efficiency and good safety. By developing energy-efficient formula and new heating device, the generation of hydrogen and water vapor can be controlled or reduced, the demand for energy efficiency release and utilization can be improved, and the safety level can be improved. Develop a new type of physical self-heating device, use renewable energy and reduce pollution. In addition, it is necessary to enhance the effectiveness and support ability of the self-heating device in various scenarios.

  The rapid development of self-heating food industry has attracted a large number of enterprises to join. However, due to the imperfect standards and specifications of self-heating food, the enterprises that have joined the self-heating food industry are mixed, which seriously affects the healthy development of the industry. At present, only the group standard "Self-heating Convenient Cuisine Products" issued by China Business Federation in 2017. From the perspective of regulating the industry, self-heating food needs more stringent standards to ensure its healthy development. It is understood that the industry is actively exploring how to establish a unified standard, for example, by standardizing the chemical composition and proportion, heating intensity, hydrogen production and other indicators contained in self-heating food heating packages, and making clear requirements for the treatment of final waste, so as to improve the entry threshold of the industry and standardize the healthy development of the industry.

Special medical food

Not for everyone

  Interpretation expert: Ren Fazheng (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, Vice Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Probiotics Branch, Professor of China Agricultural University)

  Special medical food is formula food for special medical use, which is specially processed and prepared to meet the special needs of people with limited eating, digestive and absorption disorders, metabolic disorders or specific disease States for nutrients or meals. It also has a very strict classification, which is currently divided into two categories: people aged from 0 months to 12 months and people over 1 year old.

  On the basic functions of special medical food — — At present, there is a broad consensus on nutritional support, including improving the treatment and rehabilitation effect, shortening the course of disease, reducing medical expenses, increasing the turnover rate of hospital beds, and reducing the readmission rate, which can be solved through nutritional support and special medical food. The World Health Organization has proposed that if more money is invested in nutrition and health care, less 8.5 yuan can be spent on treatment and the cost of rescue in 100 yuan can be saved. It can be said that the nutritional support function of special medical food is indispensable in clinic. Of course, it can’t replace drugs.

  Special medical food is a new industry in our country, and our government attaches great importance to it, and has made very strict management regulations at the beginning of the industry development. Special medical food should be registered by the food safety supervision and administration department of the State Council, and the formula of special medical food should be based on the research results of medicine and nutrition, and its safety and clinical application effect need to be scientifically confirmed.

  According to news reports, some illegal enterprises produce ordinary solid drinks, pass off as special medical milk powder and mislead consumers. This kind of behavior belongs to false propaganda, which should be severely cracked down and strengthened management. In addition, when the special medical food is registered and put on record, the product formula and production technology are strictly regulated. Food enterprises should produce special medical food according to the registered formula, and cannot produce special medical food without obtaining the registered formula and production license.

  The demand emphasizes that special medical food is special and not suitable for everyone. Moreover, different special people need different special medical foods. We should strengthen the popularization of special medical food, let consumers know its particularity and eat it according to the doctor’s advice.

Reduce salt, oil and sugar

Science and technology lead, scientific implementation

  Interpretation expert: Chen Junshi (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, General Consultant of National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center)

  The diet of Chinese residents is high in salt, oil and sugar. "Three reductions" is not an isolated matter, it is an important part of the whole reasonable diet. Whether it is the government supervision department, food industry or consumers, it is necessary to raise awareness and establish the concept of "reasonable diet".

  Carrying out the "three reductions" action is not a matter for any department or enterprise, but should be coordinated and promoted by all parties. The government should formulate corresponding policies to lead the "three reductions" action, and catering and food processing enterprises should provide diversified products with different levels of salt, oil and sugar for consumers to choose by reducing the use of salt, oil and sugar. Residents gradually reduce the use of salt, oil and sugar in their daily cooking.

  In particular, the food industry and catering industry should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of nutrition according to the health needs of consumers, and take the initiative to take measures to reduce the use of salt, oil and sugar in food. This requires increasing scientific and technological support, laying a solid scientific foundation, solving the problems such as product flavor change and shortened shelf life that may be caused by "three reductions", innovating and developing new foods, and leading a healthy transformation with science and technology. In addition, there are different dietary nutrition problems in different regions and different groups of people, so nutrition science education should be targeted and reflect differentiation. Nutrition intervention should be precise, and the implementation of policies should be based on science and practical. Focus on guiding enterprises to provide more differentiated products for consumers to choose, and guide consumers to choose products that suit them reasonably.

  The action of "three reductions" needs to be carried out step by step in line with China’s national conditions, instead of "eating a fat man at one breath". It takes time to change people’s tastes, not quick. The improvement of cooking, methods and food processing technology also takes time, which cannot be achieved overnight, and should be carried out step by step in accordance with scientific laws. The transformation of consumer health concept needs long-term positive guidance and popularization of scientific knowledge. Therefore, the implementation of the "three reductions" action must be gradual, and various problems must be solved step by step.

Food fraud

Counterfeiting detection technology needs to be upgraded

  Interpretation expert: Wu Yongning (Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Food Authenticity and Traceability Branch, Technical Chief of National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center); Chen Ying (Vice President and Chief Engineer of China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine)

  Food quality, food safety and food truth are three attributes of food. The authenticity problems such as food fraud and forgery exist at home and abroad. For example, as the saying goes in China, "selling dog meat by hanging sheep’s head" and the "horse meat passing off as beef" that happened in Europe a few years ago. The World Health Organization once pointed out that apart from food-borne diseases, more and more food fraud and food fraud problems need to be paid attention to.

  Ensuring the authenticity of food is not only to protect public health, but also a necessary measure to curb the market chaos of "bad money drives out good money", standardize the market competition order and boost food consumption confidence. At present, China has basically met the public’s requirements for the quantity and quality of food, and the concern for food safety has reached a higher level. However, for a long time, the investment in food authenticity technology is relatively lacking, and it is difficult to guarantee the scientific supervision of "food authenticity". If food fraud is "a magic height of one foot", then the detection technology of counterfeit identification must be "a magic height of one foot".

  It is suggested to increase the scientific and technological investment in food authenticity research and overcome the technical difficulties and supervision problems of food authenticity. At the same time, speed up the transformation of technical standards of food authenticity, formulate corresponding detection methods and standards, and provide technical support for scientific supervision of food authenticity in China.

  (This edition of the article was compiled by our reporter Chen Haibo)

Heterogeneous in the transmission! Analysis of Toyota E-CVT transmission

  [Pacific Auto Network Technology Channel]What is it? Can realize the automobileSpeed change, torque change, direction change and on-off powerThe device is the transmission. The first car in the world was born in 1886, and the first transmission appeared soon after. It can be said that the development of transmission and automobile are synchronous. At first glance, E-, maybe everyone will naturally think of CVT, that is, CVT. Functionally speaking, E-CVT does have the function of stepless speed change, but structurally speaking, the difference between them is too great. It can even be said that there are two types of transmissions, one is E-CVT and the other is other transmissions.

● Introduction of E-CVT

  At the beginning, we mentioned that E-CVT is not a simple "electronically controlled continuously variable transmission", so of course it is not circulated on the Internet. It is an electronic version of CVT. Toyota’s official definition is "power distributor", because it does not have complex mechanisms such as traditional gearbox system or gear shaft set, and it is a power distribution mechanism specially prepared for hybrid vehicles. Therefore, there has always been a debate: is E-CVT a transmission?

 

For more articles about gearbox classification, please click the following figure to browse:

Inner chain 1

 

  Whether it is a transmission or not, we will discuss it later. What we can see is that the THS( Hybrid System) is becoming more and more mature from 200h to the later hybrid version. As a key component of the whole system, E-CVT undoubtedly plays a vital role. 

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

E-CVT structure

  If you look at it from the perspective of traditional transmission, the structure of E-CVTIt’s really, really simple. Many times, the more perfect things are, the simpler they are. I think this must be the truth. As a masterpiece of hybrid cars, Prius has been carrying the core hybrid technology, so the next analysis takes Toyota Prius as an example.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  The structure of E-CVT is very simple, only made up ofExternal gear ring(The outer gear ring here connects the No.2 motor and the output shaft at the same time) andplanetary carrier(connection) andSun gear(connected to No.1 motor), that is, the power transmission flow is:No.2 motor — External gear ring — output shaftAt the same time, due to the existence of planetary gear sets, there are also:Engine — Planetary group — External gear ring — output shaft. The following physical picture was taken from a foreign video.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  If you look closely, you can’t help wondering: Isn’t this the structure? Yes, E-CVT is made up of a planetary gear set reduction mechanism (The red box in the picture above.)。 There is no chain or steel belt in CVT, let alone the torque converter in AT or the double clutch in DCT. So, the problem is coming. . . Ahem. Can an E-CVT with such a simple structure really achieve stepless speed change? The answer is of course!

E-CVT principle

Overview:

  In fact, E-CVT is not very complicated only from the perspective of mechanical motion principle. How complicated can the motion of a planetary gear set be? What is complicated is its electronic control unit, that is, the logical principle of electromechanical cooperation. Before introducing the working principle, briefly list some noun notes that will be used below:

PCU:Power Control Unit (Power control unit) This is an essential part of a hybrid car, which contains a voltage converter and an inverter, and can adjust the output voltage of the battery pack. For example, high voltage (about 600V) must be used to supply power to the motor, and the voltage of the battery pack is up to about 200V due to the size limitation, so the transformer is essential. butThe function of inverter is to change DC to AC or vice versa.Because the high-voltage AC motor has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and large size, and the battery pack emits direct current, an inverter is necessary between the motor and the battery pack.

1:That is, motor generator 1 is connected with the sun gear.

MG2:Namely motor generator 2, andExternal gear ringConnect.

  Attribute diagram of two motors:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  The engine of Prius is Atkinson engine, which is characterized by good intermediate speed performance, insufficient high and low speed performance and high energy utilization rate;

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  To facilitate understanding, put a simplified E-CVT structure diagram:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  Next is the power distribution diagram.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  First of all, we need to be clear about a concept:Power is the product of combination with rotational speed.(power = torque × rotational speed),

  Then because there are four that canFree revolutionPlanetary gear, it can be imagined that when the gear ring is fixed (that is, the wheel is fixed), the sun gear (MG1) can only drive the planetary gear seat (that is, the engine) to rotate (that is, start the engine process) when the planetary gear rotates;

  With the rotation of planetary gears, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates forward, the sun gear (MG1) can also rotate backward. Conversely, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates reversely, the sun gear (MG1) can rotate forward again.

  For example, when the outer ring gear and the sun gear rotate in the same direction, the planetary gears can not rotate, but only revolve, thus driving the gasoline engine to rotate. When the planetary gear seat does not rotate, the ring gear and the sun gear can still rotate freely. It is precisely because of this ingenious characteristic of the planetary gear set,Only when the engine, wheels and motor are connected together can they run without interfering with each other.Therefore, the clutch structure is omitted.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  S=C×3.6-R×2.6

  In the formula, s = sun = sun gear, c = carrier = line constellation, and r = ring = outer gear ring.

  In addition, since the diameters and teeth numbers of the external gear, the sun gear and the planetary gear have been fixed, it can also be obtained according to the formula on the drawing:When the planetary constellation rotates in the middle, the torque ratio allocated to the outer ring gear and the sun gear is certain.. The specific value is about72%Allocated to the external gear (actually 2.6÷3.6),28%Allocated to the sun gear (1-72%). As long as the engine rotates to work, it will not change this basic fact.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  Then we all know that under a series of different working conditions, the requirements for torque are greatly changed. Traditional power vehicles need a transmission to adjust the output power of the engine. However, in this specific structure of E-CVT, because there are two motors, under different working conditions,According to the above formula. As long as the different rotational speeds of these two motors are controlled, the engine power obtained on the outer gear ring can be changed infinitely, so that the automobile can achieve stepless speed change.

  As for how the PCU of Prius can control the fuel supply of the engine and the voltage, phase and positive and negative on-off of the two motors in real time according to the running conditions of the car. The control logic involved and the data collection and processing procedures of many sensors are too complicated to be described here. Understand that E-CVT can realize stepless speed change.

 

For more technical channel articles, please click the following link to view:

technology

Detailed explanation of working conditions

  The following analyzes the speed change process of E- one by one from various operating conditions:

I. Idle running (hot car)

  After the start command is issued, it starts (rotates forward) in an instant and drives the start. The whole process is extremely fast and smooth.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  After the engine is started, it runs at idle speed, and the gasoline engine drives the planetary constellation to rotate forward. Because the wheel (outer ring gear) does not rotate, the forward rotation of the planetary gear set (engine) will drive the sun gear (MG1) to rotate forward through the planetary gears. MG1 no longer receives power from the battery pack, but becomes a generator.Emit alternating current, through the inverter and voltage converter in PCU, it becomes low-voltage DC and charges the battery pack. In short, at idle speed,The whole engine is used to charge the battery pack..

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Second, start

  After the start signal is sent, a small amount of power will be connected to the No.2 motor, and MG2 will start to rotate. Drive the wheel (outer gear ring) to start forward rotation, and the car moves slowly. When you press the accelerator pedal slightly hard, the No.2 motor will get more power and the Prius will accelerate. Because the power of No.2 motor is very high (50KW), the low speed is also very high. Under the control of PCU, the acceleration of the car is very soft.Even by MG2 aloneYou can accelerate the Prius to a considerable speed! This starting process gives full play to MG2.Low speed and high torsionTo make up for the embarrassing situation of insufficient low-speed torque of the engine.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  It is worth noting that if the engine is not working at this time (starting in pure electric mode), with the increase of the rotational speed of MG2, the rotational speed of MG1 will also increase rapidly. Because the speed of MG1 has an upper limit, when it reaches the upper limit, the engine is forced to start to intervene. There is a critical speed at this time. Although this speed is fixed, it is certain that the greater the intensity of stepping on the accelerator at the start, the earlier the gasoline engine will intervene (actively intervene). If you step on the accelerator all at once, the gasoline will ignite immediately.

  In most cases, MG2 can smoothly accelerate the Prius to a good speed, but in some cases, there will be a phenomenon of insufficient power. This is what the engine will pass after intervention.Driving MG1 to generate electricity for MG2.andDirectly drive the external gear to rotate to push the wheel.Two ways to output power, it is worth mentioning that these two ways can exist at the same time. As for the proportion of each other, it depends on many factors.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Third, small load acceleration

  When accelerating under light load, the wheels are mainly driven by MG2. With the speed of MG2 increasing, the speed of reverse rotation of the four planetary gears gradually decreases. When the speed of the gear ring is the same as that of the planetary constellation (engine), the rotation of the planetary gears stops, leaving only revolution. At this time, the planetary constellation (engine) pushes the gear ring (wheel) and sun gear (No.1 motor) through the four planetary gears that are no longer rotating, and the three speeds are consistent. MG1 continues to supply power to MG2 and charges the power battery through PCU. Thereafter, the speed of MG2 continues to increase until the vehicle reaches the target speed. At this time, the sun gear rotation speed is less than the rotation speed of the constellation.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Fourth, heavy load acceleration

  In the face of heavy load acceleration (such as load starting), the power of MG2 can’t keep up.Engine speed increaseEntering its economic operation range, the power of the engine is greatly improved. Because the torque increase of the engine further drives MG1 to generate electricity and the power obtained by the outer ring gear increases, at the same time, the battery pack will also supply power to MG2. Thanks to this, MG2 enters the "full firepower" mode.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Fourth, driving at a constant speed

  Driving at a constant speed occurs after the acceleration is completed. At this time, the Prius only needs to overcome all kinds of resistance, and the demand for power and torque is greatly reduced. After the throttle is relaxed, the speed of the gasoline engine decreases, and the speed of the gear ring (wheel) is higher than that of the planetary carrier (gasoline engine). At this time, the four planetary gears began to rotate forward. This forward rotation will drive the sun gear (MG1) to reverse.

  There is something special here, as we learned from the previous article. When the power from the engine is transmitted to the outer ring gear and the sun gear through the planet carrier, the rotational speeds of the outer ring gear and the sun gear will satisfy the following formula.

  S=C×3.6-R×2.6

  When the rotating speed of the outer gear ring is higher than that of the planetary carrier, that is, when R>C, it is obvious that S < 0, that is, it is reversed. However, if the reverse rotation of sun gear at this time is idling (without any resistance), it will rotate so fast that all the power from the engine will be absorbed by MG1 and the external gear ring cannot be driven (because it is obviously much easier to drive sun gear than to drive the external gear ring). Therefore, MG1 will need to work in the motor mode here, so that the planet carrier can’t drive the sun gear to fly at high speed and waste the power of the engine.

  But wouldn’t that be a waste of electricity? Therefore, in general, when cruising at high speed, MG2 becomes a generator to maintain the rotation of MG1.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  In fact, during the whole driving process of Prius, the state of acceleration and uniform driving is constantly switching. The phase of voltage and current will be adjusted by PCU according to various operation actions such as stepping on the accelerator and releasing the accelerator, and various driving conditions of the car, and the output power and rotating direction of the motor will be changed instantly, and the functions of the two motors will be switched.

Fifth, slow down

  In fact, the deceleration is relatively simple, with the engine turned off and the MG1 idling. MG2 is driven by the wheel and becomes a generator to absorb the deceleration energy of the wheel. And charge the battery pack.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Sixth, reverse the car

  Thanks to the large torque of MG2, the torque MG2 required by the Prius when reversing can be easily provided. The battery pack supplies power to MG2, which drives the external gear ring to reverse, and the vehicle finishes reversing.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  In the whole driving process of Prius, we can see that it is actually a process in which two motors and engines cooperate with each other to perfectly perform linear output under strict electromechanical conversion logic control. The basis of this perfect cooperation is the special structure of E-CVT. Because power = torque × rotational speed, the planetary gear set structure with proportionally distributed torque and infinitely distributed rotational speed enables the power of the engine to be infinitely distributed to the outer gear ring (i.e. wheels) at any time and place, thus completing all functions of the ordinary stepping gearbox!

  The following table shows the running state of each gear of E-CVT during the whole process:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

  You can also refer to the following video to improve your understanding of the operating relationship between planetary gears, sun gears and external gear rings.

Prospect of E-CVT

  The appearance of gearbox was born in order to meet the different power requirements under various complex working conditions. Before it appeared, drivers needed to judge the road conditions and car conditions themselves to shift up and down in time. The advantage of this method is a strong sense of driving operation. After all, experienced drivers know what kind of power the car needs better than ECU. In addition, the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance and small size also make the car with manual transmission have a large number of fans no matter where it is suitable.

  The appearance of automatic gearbox is actually very early, but the real large-scale application was in the 1980 s, and it was also a free ride with the rapid development of electronic technology. Because automatic transmission is not difficult, it is difficult to change the speed more accurately. In the mechanical age, technology is obviously difficult to achieve, but nowadays, more and more intelligent ECU makes automatic transmission more and more able to understand your driving intention. But even so, the automatic gearbox still has defects:There is shift clearance.Even DCT can’t realize the real "stepless speed change".

  As for the protagonist E-CVT in this paper, it can be said that it has reached the peak of the integration of electromechanical technology in the gearbox field. First of all, its logic control system is very complicated. In addition, it can effectively make up for the short board (low transmission power) of the traditional stepless gearbox, which integratesHigh power, quick response, stepless speed change and extremely high transmission efficiency.And other advantages in one. But it also has disadvantages:The support system is too complicated.We know that once any system is too complicated, the probability of problems will increase exponentially. 

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

summary

  Let’s make a simple summary of E-CVT:

1. Very smooth, extremely smooth

2, the transmission efficiency is high

3, simple structure and small volume

  Let’s go back to the question at the beginning of the article about whether E-CVT is right or not. Let’s put it this way: If other power sources were not needed to cooperate with it, I’m afraid E-CVT technology would have unified the gearbox field long ago. It is precisely because of this "fatal" defect that it is simply tailored for hybrid models. Writing this analysis is not entirely for the sake of popular science, but I hope that everyone can learn more about this somewhat heterogeneous and unknown transmission structure and its thinking. Because I firmly believe that in the future when fossil energy is exhausted, E-CVT will finally shine!

Do you want to get COVID-19 vaccine? Disease control experts tell you

At present, the vaccination work in Covid-19, Inner Mongolia has been carried out among the target population over 18 years old. On March 29th, the reporter interviewed Yan Shaohong, deputy director of the Second Institute of Tuberculosis and Prevention of the Center for Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, about the effective protection and adverse reactions of Covid-19 vaccine.

"Covid-19 vaccination is the most effective way to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19, which is the most economical and convenient." Yan Shaohong said that it is the duty and obligation of every citizen to vaccinate Covid-19 vaccine, and the masses should correctly understand the safety of COVID-19 vaccine and take the initiative to vaccinate.

Yan Shaohong said that almost all people have no immunity against Covid-19, and are generally susceptible to Covid-19. After the infection, some people will develop into severe illness, critical illness and even death. After vaccination, on the one hand, most people can gain immunity; On the other hand, through the orderly inoculation of COVID-19 vaccine, an immune barrier can be gradually established in the population, and the large-scale spread and epidemic of COVID-19 can be blocked.

At present, the vaccination work in Covid-19, the key population in the whole region, has come to an end, and the vaccination work for the target population over 18 years old has also started, with two doses of vaccination, with an interval of 2-4 weeks. The principle of vaccination work is still to adhere to informed, consent, voluntary and free vaccination, to coordinate the prevention and control of normalization with vaccination work, to prudently, steadily and orderly implement local territorial responsibility and industry supervision responsibility according to law, to promote vaccination work more safely, orderly and forcefully, to gradually expand the coverage of people, and to vaccinate as many people as possible to protect the health of the broad masses of the people.

"The protective efficacy of vaccines used in China has reached the relevant standards of National Medical Products Administration’s Guiding Principles for Clinical Evaluation of Preventive Vaccines in novel coronavirus (Trial), and it also meets the index requirements recommended by the World Health Organization’s Covid-19 Vaccine Target Product Characteristics. The immune persistence of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 is still under continuous observation. The evidence suggests that the vaccine protection period can reach at least half a year. " Yan Shaohong admits that no vaccine can guarantee that the vaccinated population will have 100% protection effect. Therefore, after vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine, the protection standard cannot be lowered in daily work and life. The general public should still keep the awareness of preventing Covid-19 infection and spread, and do personal protection. Whether vaccinated or not, they should continue to wear masks indoors or in closed places where people gather, and follow the specific prevention and control measures in various places.

Regarding the adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccine, Yan Shaohong said that the vaccine is an exotic antigen to human body. Due to the characteristics of the vaccine and individual differences, there will be some adverse reactions after vaccination, but the incidence rate is still relatively low. At present, the adverse reactions monitored mainly include local reactions and systemic reactions. After inoculation, local reactions will cause pain, some will appear redness and some will appear induration, but these local reactions do not need to be treated and will heal on their own. The general reactions are mainly headache and fatigue, and some may have low fever. (Reporter Zhang Wenqiang)

Chinese-style modernization is the modernization that really benefits the people (International Forum, Understanding China, Understanding the Communist Party of China (CPC))

  In 2015, I worked in China as a resident reporter for Pyramid. Since then, I have been very concerned about the development and changes in China. I have visited China almost every year since I returned to Egypt from my term. Over the years, I have witnessed the rapid changes in China and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards. To my surprise, I can find many new changes even if I revisit China city in a relatively short time. The Communist Party of China (CPC) unites and leads the people of China to continuously promote Chinese modernization and change the country step by step.

  The Communist Party of China (CPC) adhered to the people-centered development thought and won the extensive support and trust of the people of China. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has won the unprecedented, strongest and most populous battle against poverty in human history, which is a very remarkable achievement. I have visited some rural areas in Tibet and Shaanxi. According to the specific situation, the local government makes poverty alleviation plans, or improves farmers’ living environment through relocation, or vigorously develops characteristic agriculture, tourism, handicrafts, etc., or helps farmers find jobs and start businesses with employment guidance, low-interest loans and other measures. The common goal of these efforts is to help people increase their income and lead a better life. At present, China is vigorously implementing the rural revitalization strategy and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

  Chinese modernization is the modernization that really benefits the people. The development of science and technology in China has brought great convenience to people’s lives. In China, people basically don’t need to carry cash or credit cards when they go out, but they can easily complete the ordering and payment in their daily life with a mobile phone. China has also made continuous progress in combating desertification, improving air quality and realizing green development, and people’s living environment is getting better and better. The government of China is committed to raising the level of education, improving medical conditions and strengthening social security. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the market space becomes broader and the human resources become richer, and China will have stronger development momentum.

  China has a large population, a vast territory and complex national conditions, so realizing modernization is bound to be a process of constantly overcoming challenges. At present, there are no more than 30 industrialized countries in the world with a total population of no more than 1 billion. China has a population of more than 1.4 billion. It is an unprecedented event in the history of human development to make such a huge population enter the modern society as a whole. As a populous country in the Middle East, Egypt faces many challenges similar to those of China on the road to development and revitalization. Chinese-style modernization provides many valuable experiences for reference, which makes the developing countries, especially those with large population, see the hope of modernization.

  China’s continuous promotion of Chinese modernization will provide more new opportunities for all countries in the world. China strives to make the middle-income group exceed 800 million in the next 15 years, and promote the continuous development of the super-large-scale market. The released consumer demand will strongly promote the development of the world economy. Chinese-style modernization will not only benefit the people of China, but also bring development dividends to all countries in the world, benefiting the people of all countries.

  (The author is the deputy editor of the Egyptian newspaper Pyramid)

Talking about the topic of dissolution in May, Qi Shuabao talked about "dissolution once a day"

Raise a glass to celebrate in May.

Debut in Taipei on May Day.

A Xin is shooting food.

Stone Martha plays selfie.

        On May 16th, I attended a press conference in Taipei. Earlier, it was revealed that Ella had left Huayan, and the S.H.E three people were facing the crisis of dissolution. As a "longevity" group, they were asked about the topic of dissolution. A Xin joked: "We are on the verge of dissolution at any time. It is work that brings us together. We will dissolve as soon as we announce it!" The league members booed and said, "We dissolve once a day." Mayday said that the concert tour had just finished 96 performances and was about to break 100 performances, which was the first time in the 21 years since it became a military. They laughed and said, "When we got off the stage, we got together to eat, and everyone had a good relationship. There was no such problem."

  Martha was promoted to be a father a few days ago, and the twins were just full moon. She was asked what it was like to be a father. He said happily and briefly, "Yes, I have recently become a father and I am in a good mood." A Xin joked that Martha is so good that she can wrap diapers with one hand without being in a hurry. Stone sent a long article a few days ago, saying that he had not talked to the children for a long time and had to face the topic of "letting go". He said: "I am busy with the concert and haven’t seen my family for a while. I hope to spend more time with my children."

  Last night, fans were disappointed that they couldn’t hear the Mayday song "Stubborn" on the broadcast. The rumor was broadcast during the warm-up before the game. Martha said: "It’s very happy that the song can be heard on such an important occasion. After all, the game is the most important and it doesn’t affect the game."