标签： 上海娱乐地图

Regulations on the recall of defective automobile products (the State Council Decree No.626th)

decree of the state council of the people’s republic of china

sequence　626　number

　　"Regulations on the Management of Defective Automobile Product Recall" has been adopted at the 219th executive meeting in the State Council on October 10, 2012, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of January 1, 2013.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 General manager Wen Jiabao
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 October 22nd, 2012

?

Regulations on the recall management of defective automobile products

　　the first　In order to standardize the recall of defective automobile products, strengthen supervision and management, and ensure personal and property safety, these regulations are formulated.
　　the second　These Regulations shall apply to the recall, supervision and management of automobiles and automobile trailers (hereinafter referred to as automobile products) produced and sold in China.
　　Article　The term "defects" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to the situation that the automobile products in the same batch, model or category generally do not meet the national standards and industry standards for protecting personal and property safety or other unreasonable dangers that endanger personal and property safety.
　　The recall mentioned in these Regulations refers to the activities of automobile product producers to take measures to eliminate defects in their sold automobile products.
　　Article 4　The State Council product quality supervision department is responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products nationwide.
　　The relevant departments of the State Council are responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products within their respective responsibilities.
　　Article 5　The State Council’s product quality supervision departments may entrust the product quality supervision departments of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the import and export commodity inspection agencies to be responsible for the supervision and management of the recall of defective automobile products.
　　The State Council product quality supervision department defective product recall technical institutions in accordance with the provisions of the State Council product quality supervision department, undertake the specific technical work of defective automobile product recall.
　　Article 6　Any unit or individual has the right to complain about the possible defects of automobile products to the product quality supervision department, and the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall announce the telephone number, e-mail address and mailing address of accepting complaints to the public in a way that is convenient for the public to know.
　　The State Council product quality supervision department shall establish a defective automobile product recall information management system, collect, summarize, analyze and process information about defective automobile products.
　　Product quality supervision departments, competent departments of automobile products, competent departments of commerce, customs, traffic management departments of public security organs, competent departments of transportation, administrative departments for industry and commerce and other relevant departments shall establish a sharing mechanism for information on the production, sales, import, registration and inspection, maintenance, consumer complaints and recall of automobile products.
　　Article 7　Product quality supervision departments and relevant departments, institutions and their staff members shall not disclose business secrets and personal information they know when performing their duties as stipulated in these Regulations.
　　Article 8　For defective automobile products, producers shall recall them all in accordance with these regulations; If the producer fails to recall, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall order it to recall in accordance with these regulations.
　　The term "producer" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to an enterprise legally established in China to produce automobile products and issue product certificates in its name.
　　Enterprises that import automobile products from outside China and sell them in China shall be regarded as the producers mentioned in the preceding paragraph.
　　Article 9　The producer shall establish and keep information records on the design, manufacture, identification and inspection of automobile products, as well as information records on the owners of automobile products for the first time, and the retention period shall not be less than 10 years.
　　Article 10　The producer shall report the following information to the product quality supervision department of the State Council for the record:
　　(1) Basic information of producers;
　　(two) the technical parameters of automobile products and the owner information of the first sale of automobile products;
　　(3) Information on repair, replacement and return of automobile products due to faults that endanger personal and property safety;
　　(4) Information on the recall of automobile products outside China;
　　(five) other information required by the the State Council product quality supervision department for the record.
　　Article 11　Operators who sell, lease or repair automobile products (hereinafter referred to as operators) shall establish and keep information records related to automobile products in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council, and the retention period shall not be less than 5 years.
　　Operators who know that there are defects in automobile products shall immediately stop selling, leasing and using defective automobile products, and assist producers in implementing the recall.
　　The operator shall report to the product quality supervision department of the State Council and inform the producers of the relevant information about the possible defects of the automobile products.
　　Article 12　If the manufacturer knows that there may be defects in automobile products, he shall immediately organize investigation and analysis, and truthfully report the results of the investigation and analysis to the product quality supervision department of the State Council.
　　If the manufacturer confirms that the automobile product is defective, it shall immediately stop producing, selling and importing the defective automobile product and carry out a recall.
　　Article 13　If the product quality supervision department of the State Council learns that there may be defects in automobile products, it shall immediately notify the producers to carry out investigation and analysis; If the producer fails to carry out investigation and analysis in accordance with the notice, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall carry out defect investigation.
　　The State Council product quality supervision department believes that there may be defects in automobile products that will cause serious consequences, and can directly carry out defect investigation.
　　Article 14　The State Council’s product quality supervision department can carry out defect investigation, enter the production and business premises of producers and operators to conduct on-site investigation, consult and copy relevant materials and records, and learn about possible defects of automobile products from relevant units and individuals.
　　The producer shall cooperate with the defect investigation and provide the relevant materials, products and special equipment needed for the investigation. The operator shall cooperate with the defect investigation and provide the relevant information needed for the investigation.
　　The product quality supervision department of the State Council shall not use the materials, products and special equipment provided by producers and operators for purposes other than technical inspection and appraisal required for defect investigation.
　　Article 15　If the product quality supervision department of the State Council believes that there are defects in the automobile products, it shall notify the producers to carry out the recall.
　　If the manufacturer thinks that there is no defect in its automobile products, he may raise an objection to the product quality supervision department of the State Council within 15 working days from the date of receiving the notice, and provide supporting materials. The product quality supervision department of the State Council shall organize experts who have no interest in the producers to demonstrate the certification materials, and carry out technical inspection or appraisal of automobile products when necessary.
　　If the producer neither recalls in accordance with the notice nor raises any objection within the time limit specified in the second paragraph of this article, or if the product quality supervision department of the State Council organizes demonstration, technical inspection and appraisal in accordance with the second paragraph of this article to confirm that the automobile product is defective, the product quality supervision department of the State Council shall order the producer to recall; Producers shall immediately stop producing, selling and importing defective automobile products and carry out a recall.
　　Article 16　The producer shall make a recall plan in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council and report it to the product quality supervision department of the State Council for the record. Revising the recorded recall plan shall be re-filed.
　　The producer shall carry out the recall according to the recall plan.
　　Article 17　The producer shall notify the seller of the recall plan filed with the product quality supervision department of the State Council at the same time, and the seller shall stop selling defective automobile products.
　　Article 18　When the manufacturer recalls, it shall release information in a way that is convenient for the public to know, and inform the owner of the defects in the automobile products, emergency disposal methods to avoid damage and measures taken by the producer to eliminate defects.
　　The State Council’s product quality supervision department shall promptly announce to the public the confirmed information of defective automobile products and the relevant information of the manufacturer’s recall.
　　The owner shall cooperate with the producer to carry out the recall.
　　Article 19　For the recalled defective automobile products, the manufacturer shall promptly take measures such as amending or supplementing the marks, repairing, replacing and returning the products to eliminate the defects.
　　The producer shall bear the cost of eliminating defects and the necessary cost of transporting defective automobile products.
　　Article 20　The producer shall submit a recall stage report and a recall summary report in accordance with the provisions of the product quality supervision department of the State Council.
　　Article 21　The State Council product quality supervision department shall supervise the implementation of the recall, and organize experts who have no interest with the producers to evaluate the effect of eliminating defects by the producers.
　　Article 22　Producers in violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, one of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections; Refuses to correct, a fine of 50 thousand yuan and 200 thousand yuan:
　　(1) Failing to keep information records about automobile products and owners in accordance with regulations;
　　(2) Failing to file relevant information and recall plan in accordance with regulations;
　　(3) Failing to submit the relevant recall report as required.
　　Article 23　In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, in any of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections; Refuses to correct, a fine of 500 thousand yuan and 1 million yuan; If there is illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; If the circumstances are serious, the licensing authority shall revoke the relevant license:
　　(a) producers and operators do not cooperate with the defect investigation of product quality supervision departments;
　　(2) The producer fails to carry out the recall according to the recorded recall plan;
　　(3) The producer fails to inform the seller of the recall plan.
　　Article 24　If a producer violates the provisions of these Regulations and has any of the following circumstances, the product quality supervision department shall order it to make corrections and impose a fine of more than 1% and less than 10% of the value of defective automobile products; If there is illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; If the circumstances are serious, the licensing authority shall revoke the relevant license:
　　(1) Failing to stop producing, selling or importing defective automobile products;
　　(2) Concealing the defects;
　　(3) refusing to recall after being ordered to recall.
　　Article 25　In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, the personnel engaged in the supervision and administration of defective automobile product recall shall be punished according to law if they commit any of the following acts:
　　(a) the information, products and special equipment provided by producers and operators are used for purposes other than technical inspection and appraisal required for defect investigation;
　　(2) disclosing the business secrets or personal information of the parties concerned;
　　(three) other dereliction of duty, abuse of power.
　　Article 26　In violation of the provisions of this Ordinance, which constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
　　Article 27　If there are defects in the tires that are not equipped with the vehicle when the automobile products leave the factory, the tire manufacturer shall be responsible for recalling them. Specific measures shall be formulated by the product quality supervision department of the State Council with reference to these regulations.
　　Article 28　The recall of defective automobile products by producers in accordance with these regulations does not exempt them from the responsibilities they should bear according to law.
　　If the automobile products have quality problems other than those stipulated in these Regulations, the owners have the right to require the producers and sellers to bear corresponding legal responsibilities such as repair, replacement, return and compensation for losses in accordance with the product quality law, consumer rights protection law and other laws, administrative regulations, relevant state regulations and contractual agreements.
　　Article 29　These Regulations shall come into force as of January 1, 2013.

Do you eat healthier in 2019？

As the Spring Festival approaches, law enforcement officers of the Yushui District Market Supervision Bureau in Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province conduct on-site rapid detection of vegetable pesticide residues at Guanxia Smart Farmers Market. Photo by Liao Haijin/Bright Picture

A college student food festival was held in Shanghai. The picture shows the "fleshy" Mu Si cake as a dessert in the dining hall of Shanghai Ocean University. Xinhua news agency

Citizens and tourists visit the Chongqing New Year Food Festival. Xinhua news agency

Villagers in Kangzhuang Village, Qukou Town, Xianghe County, Hebei Province are drying red and white sausages. Xinhua news agency

　　Is "artificial meat" edible? Is online celebrity food reliable? Are probiotics really useful? What foods have you paid attention to in the past 2019? What troubles have they brought you? Food safety concerns people’s health and life safety. At the "Media Communication Meeting on Scientific Interpretation of Food Safety and Health Hotspots in 2019", which was directed by China Association for Science and Technology and hosted by chinese institute of food science and technology recently, experts combed and interpreted the hot events of food safety that the public paid attention to in the past year, and made suggestions for food safety supervision by popularizing food safety knowledge through examples. This edition extracts some hot topics to interpret.

"artificial meat"

Scientific and technological problems to be solved, standards and regulations to be improved.

　　Interpretation expert: Wang Shouwei (Director of China Meat Food Comprehensive Research Center and Dean of Beijing Food Science Research Institute)

　　"Artificial meat" is synonymous with foods that are not naturally produced and have a similar taste to meat. It is usually divided into two categories: vegetable protein meat and cell cultured meat. The emergence of "artificial meat" on the one hand is to meet the rapidly growing meat demand of consumers, on the other hand, it provides a way to effectively reduce the land occupation of animal husbandry, the use of water resources and greenhouse gas emissions, and solve the problems of environmental protection and sustainable development.

　　In recent years, the processing technology of vegetable protein meat is becoming more and more mature at home and abroad, and many enterprises have developed vegetable protein meat products with vegetable protein as raw materials. The research on using animal stem cells to produce cells to cultivate meat has also made great progress, and many enterprises have announced that they can develop cells to cultivate meat in the laboratory. Vegetable protein meat has great market potential and a high degree of commercialization. In the future, developing products more similar to real meat has become a direction for the food industry and scientific and technological circles.

　　In the innovation and development of "artificial meat", it is necessary to increase scientific and technological input and solve the existing scientific and technological problems of "artificial meat". For example, research on the formation mechanism, raw material supply and processing technology of vegetable protein meat should be carried out to build a new research and development system. In the process of industrialization, we pay attention to improving the flavor, texture and nutrition of products, and constantly meet the increasingly diversified needs of consumers. Carry out research on the basic theory and key production technology of cell-cultured meat, and establish a production technology system of cell-cultured meat suitable for human food manufacturing.

　　While innovating and developing, adhering to product quality and safety is the foundation of the development of "artificial meat". It is suggested that the new ingredients and new production technology added in the production of "artificial meat" should be systematically evaluated for safety, and an independent standard system and an objective supervision system should be formed in the evaluation of product safety and nutritional components, so as to promote the benign development of the industry.

　　Scientific and rigorous standards are the cornerstone of the healthy development of the industry. In China, the development momentum of vegetable protein meat industry has been formed, and the product categories are relatively mature, but the existing laws and regulations are not suitable for product innovation and industry development; The development of its standard should be carried out as soon as possible, and the definition, classification method and production technology should be clearly defined, which will provide convenience for government supervision and provide reference for the direction of production and innovation of products in the industry. In addition, the research and development of cell-cultured meat in China is still in its infancy, but the development speed is very fast, and the research on standards and supervision methods has just begun; The division of supervisory responsibilities and division of labor system should be clarified, and a strict system of standards and laws should be formed. In addition, public science popularization should be carried out to guide consumers to correctly understand and rationally consume "artificial meat".

Online celebrity food

Strictly guard against the transformation of "red and black"

　　Interpretation expert: Ma Guansheng (Head of the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University College of Public Health)

　　Some sellers make use of social media’s special publicity and marketing methods to dress up homemade food as "online celebrity" food, which is popular in the circle of friends. From home-made delicious food to home-brewed fruit wine, from morning tea snacks to midnight snacks, from beauty soup to dietary remedies, there are all kinds of foods in the circle. Online food attracts waves of consumers with its novel appearance, photos or taste. However, when consumers buy food, they often ignore the quality of the food itself, including raw materials, production date, shelf life and production address.

　　Due to the special sales channels (such as WeChat circle of friends, micro-stores), online celebrity food has some problems, such as difficult management and lack of effective supervision mechanism. Taking the incident of "there is no milk in milk tea" in online celebrity as an example, China’s national standard "Tea Beverage" (GB/T 21733-2008) defines milk tea drinks and milk tea-flavored drinks as liquid drinks prepared by taking water extract of tea or its concentrated solution and tea powder as raw materials and adding one or more of milk or dairy products, sugar and/or sweeteners, edible milk flavor essence, etc. Although there is a requirement for the protein content of milk tea in this standard (≥ 0.5%), but milk or dairy products are still only one of a variety of optional ingredients, not a hard requirement. Therefore, due to the lack of clear standards for existing milk tea, there is an embarrassing situation that "milk tea does not contain milk", which increases the maneuverability of merchants and brings blind spots to food safety supervision.

　　It is suggested to improve the supervision mechanism and clarify the responsibilities and supervision methods of all parties in the business activities of non-traditional foods such as online food sales. At the same time, strengthen regular sampling and random inspection, and urge network platforms and production operators to implement the main responsibility. Strike hard at illegal food safety behaviors in online sales, strictly investigate and deal with behaviors such as "brushing the bill" and "false comments", and protect consumers’ rights and safety with strict supervision.

　　Online celebrity food is mainly sold through the online platform, so the online platform should assume the responsibility of screening and supervision. The network platform should establish a mechanism to help the superior and limit the inferior, strictly control the entry threshold of merchants, inspect and regularly review their retail qualifications and relevant licenses for selling products, and prevent counterfeit and shoddy foods from being sold on the network platform. Food enterprises and individual food producers should strengthen the construction of industrial chain safety, ensure the safety and traceability of product sources, make the product chain clear, and prevent and control risks. As consumers themselves, they should constantly improve their health literacy and food safety literacy, make rational purchases, and not blindly "chase after the red".

probiotics

The efficacy has the specificity of strains and people.

　　Interpretation expert: Chen Wei (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, Chairman of Probiotics Branch of chinese institute of food science and technology, Vice President of Jiangnan University); He Guoqing (Vice Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Probiotics Branch, Professor of Zhejiang University)

　　Probiotics have a strict definition: they must be living microorganisms, which are beneficial to the health of the host when ingested in sufficient quantities. Moreover, the health function of probiotics should be based on scientific and rigorous clinical trial evaluation and evidence-based medical evidence. At present, tens of thousands of published academic papers have studied the functions of different probiotic strains, confirming that the core function of probiotics is to improve the health of human gastrointestinal tract. In addition, in vitro experiments such as cell model, animal experiments and human experiments show that probiotics may have potential beneficial functions to improve metabolism and nervous system. However, in vitro experiments and the actual human digestive system are completely different worlds, and the results of in vitro experiments can never be used to claim the functions of probiotics. Animal experiments can be used as a reference, but it needs to be confirmed by large-scale and deeper human or clinical experiments.

　　It is a long-term, rigorous and scientific process for human beings to explore the efficacy of probiotics. At present, there are various probiotic products with claimed functions on the market. However, it should be emphasized that the academic community has reached a consensus that the core function of probiotics is to improve gastrointestinal health.

　　Generally speaking, the mainstream probiotic strains in the market are all isolated from healthy people and fermented foods with a long history of safe use. Most of them are considered as non-pathogenic symbiotic microorganisms, and their safety has been recognized by authoritative organizations. Of course, for sick individuals, such as patients with severe infection or immunodeficiency, they should be used with caution or consult a doctor.

　　It should also be noted that the efficacy of probiotics has the specificity of strains and people. There are differences in probiotic efficacy among different strains; There are also differences in physiological regulation of probiotics among different hosts. Therefore, in the future, we should confirm the relevant probiotic functions at the strain level, judge and apply the individual functions of probiotics according to the individual characteristics of different hosts, and pay attention to personalized precise nutrition. Of course, the industrial application of probiotics must also be verified by scientific and rigorous processes. For example, the species, even the genetic composition and basic physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strain are first studied, and then the adaptability, safety and probiotic characteristics of the strain are evaluated in turn, and finally the probiotic dosage and probiotic combination with satisfactory efficacy are selected.

　　In addition, consumers should choose probiotic-related products scientifically and reasonably. For lactic acid bacteria drinks, consumers should pay attention to distinguish product types when purchasing. According to the relevant standards in China, the labels of lactic acid bacteria drinks should be marked with live bacteria (non-sterilization) or non-live bacteria (sterilization), and they can be distinguished by labels when purchasing. When consumers buy yogurt, they should keep it reasonably according to the label. Low-temperature yogurt should be sold in cold storage. When they return home after purchase, they should put it in the refrigerator as soon as possible and drink it in time to ensure its strain activity.

　　Probiotics have individual differences in their effects on health, and there is no "all-purpose" probiotic strain, which is suitable for everyone and all physical conditions. We should further strengthen the popular science education of consumers, popularize the professional knowledge of probiotics and clarify the scientific concept of "quantity" of probiotics, so that consumers can rationally choose probiotic products.

Self-heating food

It is necessary to cross the safety hurdle of "self-heating package"

　　Interpretation expert: Lu Fuping (Vice President of chinese institute of food science and technology and Vice President of Tianjin University of Science and Technology)

　　Self-heating food is a product that heats food with flameless self-heater and quickly reheates it to edible state. In recent years, a series of self-heating products represented by self-heating hot pot have developed rapidly. Besides the common self-heating hot pot and self-heating rice, there are also self-heating porridge, noodles, rice noodles, soup, etc., which are diverse and meet the urgent needs of consumers for hot food in more consumption scenarios.

　　Although the safety of self-heating food is generally controllable, the safety risk of "self-heating package" should be paid full attention to. Since self-heating food uses the chemical reaction between heating agent and water to generate heat to heat the food. Occasional phenomena such as "self-heated food rupture" or "unstable temperature of self-heated food" have aroused people’s concern about the safety of self-heated food.

　　Under the current self-heating technology in China, the chemical self-heating package used for self-heating food is mostly magnesium/iron for military use and aluminum-water for civilian use. No matter what kind of heating package, a small amount of hydrogen will be produced when heating. If individuals eat or a small number of people gather to eat, even in a closed environment, the amount of hydrogen generated by the heating of the heating package is far from the limit that can cause explosion. Under normal circumstances, the normal products will be eaten according to the normal operating procedures, and there will be no risk and safety problems such as cracking. However, if people eat a lot of self-heating food at the same time in a closed environment, or if the vent hole on the self-heating food packaging box is blocked, there may be potential safety hazards, which need to be paid full attention to.

　　It is suggested to increase the research on the safety of self-heating package and develop a self-heating package with high efficiency and good safety. By developing energy-efficient formula and new heating device, the generation of hydrogen and water vapor can be controlled or reduced, the demand for energy efficiency release and utilization can be improved, and the safety level can be improved. Develop a new type of physical self-heating device, use renewable energy and reduce pollution. In addition, it is necessary to enhance the effectiveness and support ability of the self-heating device in various scenarios.

　　The rapid development of self-heating food industry has attracted a large number of enterprises to join. However, due to the imperfect standards and specifications of self-heating food, the enterprises that have joined the self-heating food industry are mixed, which seriously affects the healthy development of the industry. At present, only the group standard "Self-heating Convenient Cuisine Products" issued by China Business Federation in 2017. From the perspective of regulating the industry, self-heating food needs more stringent standards to ensure its healthy development. It is understood that the industry is actively exploring how to establish a unified standard, for example, by standardizing the chemical composition and proportion, heating intensity, hydrogen production and other indicators contained in self-heating food heating packages, and making clear requirements for the treatment of final waste, so as to improve the entry threshold of the industry and standardize the healthy development of the industry.

Special medical food

Not for everyone

　　Interpretation expert: Ren Fazheng (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, Vice Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Probiotics Branch, Professor of China Agricultural University)

　　Special medical food is formula food for special medical use, which is specially processed and prepared to meet the special needs of people with limited eating, digestive and absorption disorders, metabolic disorders or specific disease States for nutrients or meals. It also has a very strict classification, which is currently divided into two categories: people aged from 0 months to 12 months and people over 1 year old.

　　On the basic functions of special medical food — — At present, there is a broad consensus on nutritional support, including improving the treatment and rehabilitation effect, shortening the course of disease, reducing medical expenses, increasing the turnover rate of hospital beds, and reducing the readmission rate, which can be solved through nutritional support and special medical food. The World Health Organization has proposed that if more money is invested in nutrition and health care, less 8.5 yuan can be spent on treatment and the cost of rescue in 100 yuan can be saved. It can be said that the nutritional support function of special medical food is indispensable in clinic. Of course, it can’t replace drugs.

　　Special medical food is a new industry in our country, and our government attaches great importance to it, and has made very strict management regulations at the beginning of the industry development. Special medical food should be registered by the food safety supervision and administration department of the State Council, and the formula of special medical food should be based on the research results of medicine and nutrition, and its safety and clinical application effect need to be scientifically confirmed.

　　According to news reports, some illegal enterprises produce ordinary solid drinks, pass off as special medical milk powder and mislead consumers. This kind of behavior belongs to false propaganda, which should be severely cracked down and strengthened management. In addition, when the special medical food is registered and put on record, the product formula and production technology are strictly regulated. Food enterprises should produce special medical food according to the registered formula, and cannot produce special medical food without obtaining the registered formula and production license.

　　The demand emphasizes that special medical food is special and not suitable for everyone. Moreover, different special people need different special medical foods. We should strengthen the popularization of special medical food, let consumers know its particularity and eat it according to the doctor’s advice.

Reduce salt, oil and sugar

Science and technology lead, scientific implementation

　　Interpretation expert: Chen Junshi (Academician of China Academy of Engineering, General Consultant of National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center)

　　The diet of Chinese residents is high in salt, oil and sugar. "Three reductions" is not an isolated matter, it is an important part of the whole reasonable diet. Whether it is the government supervision department, food industry or consumers, it is necessary to raise awareness and establish the concept of "reasonable diet".

　　Carrying out the "three reductions" action is not a matter for any department or enterprise, but should be coordinated and promoted by all parties. The government should formulate corresponding policies to lead the "three reductions" action, and catering and food processing enterprises should provide diversified products with different levels of salt, oil and sugar for consumers to choose by reducing the use of salt, oil and sugar. Residents gradually reduce the use of salt, oil and sugar in their daily cooking.

　　In particular, the food industry and catering industry should accelerate the transformation and upgrading of nutrition according to the health needs of consumers, and take the initiative to take measures to reduce the use of salt, oil and sugar in food. This requires increasing scientific and technological support, laying a solid scientific foundation, solving the problems such as product flavor change and shortened shelf life that may be caused by "three reductions", innovating and developing new foods, and leading a healthy transformation with science and technology. In addition, there are different dietary nutrition problems in different regions and different groups of people, so nutrition science education should be targeted and reflect differentiation. Nutrition intervention should be precise, and the implementation of policies should be based on science and practical. Focus on guiding enterprises to provide more differentiated products for consumers to choose, and guide consumers to choose products that suit them reasonably.

　　The action of "three reductions" needs to be carried out step by step in line with China’s national conditions, instead of "eating a fat man at one breath". It takes time to change people’s tastes, not quick. The improvement of cooking, methods and food processing technology also takes time, which cannot be achieved overnight, and should be carried out step by step in accordance with scientific laws. The transformation of consumer health concept needs long-term positive guidance and popularization of scientific knowledge. Therefore, the implementation of the "three reductions" action must be gradual, and various problems must be solved step by step.

Food fraud

Counterfeiting detection technology needs to be upgraded

　　Interpretation expert: Wu Yongning (Chairman of chinese institute of food science and technology Food Authenticity and Traceability Branch, Technical Chief of National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center); Chen Ying (Vice President and Chief Engineer of China Academy of Inspection and Quarantine)

　　Food quality, food safety and food truth are three attributes of food. The authenticity problems such as food fraud and forgery exist at home and abroad. For example, as the saying goes in China, "selling dog meat by hanging sheep’s head" and the "horse meat passing off as beef" that happened in Europe a few years ago. The World Health Organization once pointed out that apart from food-borne diseases, more and more food fraud and food fraud problems need to be paid attention to.

　　Ensuring the authenticity of food is not only to protect public health, but also a necessary measure to curb the market chaos of "bad money drives out good money", standardize the market competition order and boost food consumption confidence. At present, China has basically met the public’s requirements for the quantity and quality of food, and the concern for food safety has reached a higher level. However, for a long time, the investment in food authenticity technology is relatively lacking, and it is difficult to guarantee the scientific supervision of "food authenticity". If food fraud is "a magic height of one foot", then the detection technology of counterfeit identification must be "a magic height of one foot".

　　It is suggested to increase the scientific and technological investment in food authenticity research and overcome the technical difficulties and supervision problems of food authenticity. At the same time, speed up the transformation of technical standards of food authenticity, formulate corresponding detection methods and standards, and provide technical support for scientific supervision of food authenticity in China.

　　(This edition of the article was compiled by our reporter Chen Haibo)

Heterogeneous in the transmission! Analysis of Toyota E-CVT transmission

　　[Pacific Auto Network Technology Channel]What is it? Can realize the automobileSpeed change, torque change, direction change and on-off powerThe device is the transmission. The first car in the world was born in 1886, and the first transmission appeared soon after. It can be said that the development of transmission and automobile are synchronous. At first glance, E-, maybe everyone will naturally think of CVT, that is, CVT. Functionally speaking, E-CVT does have the function of stepless speed change, but structurally speaking, the difference between them is too great. It can even be said that there are two types of transmissions, one is E-CVT and the other is other transmissions.

● Introduction of E-CVT

　　At the beginning, we mentioned that E-CVT is not a simple "electronically controlled continuously variable transmission", so of course it is not circulated on the Internet. It is an electronic version of CVT. Toyota’s official definition is "power distributor", because it does not have complex mechanisms such as traditional gearbox system or gear shaft set, and it is a power distribution mechanism specially prepared for hybrid vehicles. Therefore, there has always been a debate: is E-CVT a transmission?

　

For more articles about gearbox classification, please click the following figure to browse:

Inner chain 1

　

　　Whether it is a transmission or not, we will discuss it later. What we can see is that the THS( Hybrid System) is becoming more and more mature from 200h to the later hybrid version. As a key component of the whole system, E-CVT undoubtedly plays a vital role.　

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

● E-CVT structure

　　If you look at it from the perspective of traditional transmission, the structure of E-CVTIt’s really, really simple. Many times, the more perfect things are, the simpler they are. I think this must be the truth. As a masterpiece of hybrid cars, Prius has been carrying the core hybrid technology, so the next analysis takes Toyota Prius as an example.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　The structure of E-CVT is very simple, only made up ofExternal gear ring(The outer gear ring here connects the No.2 motor and the output shaft at the same time) andplanetary carrier(connection) andSun gear(connected to No.1 motor), that is, the power transmission flow is:No.2 motor — External gear ring — output shaftAt the same time, due to the existence of planetary gear sets, there are also:Engine — Planetary group — External gear ring — output shaft. The following physical picture was taken from a foreign video.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　If you look closely, you can’t help wondering: Isn’t this the structure? Yes, E-CVT is made up of a planetary gear set reduction mechanism (The red box in the picture above.）。 There is no chain or steel belt in CVT, let alone the torque converter in AT or the double clutch in DCT. So, the problem is coming. . . Ahem. Can an E-CVT with such a simple structure really achieve stepless speed change? The answer is of course!

● E-CVT principle

Overview:

　　In fact, E-CVT is not very complicated only from the perspective of mechanical motion principle. How complicated can the motion of a planetary gear set be? What is complicated is its electronic control unit, that is, the logical principle of electromechanical cooperation. Before introducing the working principle, briefly list some noun notes that will be used below:

PCU：Power Control Unit (Power control unit) This is an essential part of a hybrid car, which contains a voltage converter and an inverter, and can adjust the output voltage of the battery pack. For example, high voltage (about 600V) must be used to supply power to the motor, and the voltage of the battery pack is up to about 200V due to the size limitation, so the transformer is essential. butThe function of inverter is to change DC to AC or vice versa.Because the high-voltage AC motor has the advantages of small size, high efficiency and large size, and the battery pack emits direct current, an inverter is necessary between the motor and the battery pack.

1：That is, motor generator 1 is connected with the sun gear.

MG2：Namely motor generator 2, andExternal gear ringConnect.

　　Attribute diagram of two motors:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　The engine of Prius is Atkinson engine, which is characterized by good intermediate speed performance, insufficient high and low speed performance and high energy utilization rate;

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　To facilitate understanding, put a simplified E-CVT structure diagram:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　Next is the power distribution diagram.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　First of all, we need to be clear about a concept:Power is the product of combination with rotational speed.(power = torque × rotational speed),

　　Then because there are four that canFree revolutionPlanetary gear, it can be imagined that when the gear ring is fixed (that is, the wheel is fixed), the sun gear (MG1) can only drive the planetary gear seat (that is, the engine) to rotate (that is, start the engine process) when the planetary gear rotates;

　　With the rotation of planetary gears, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates forward, the sun gear (MG1) can also rotate backward. Conversely, when the ring gear (MG2) rotates reversely, the sun gear (MG1) can rotate forward again.

　　For example, when the outer ring gear and the sun gear rotate in the same direction, the planetary gears can not rotate, but only revolve, thus driving the gasoline engine to rotate. When the planetary gear seat does not rotate, the ring gear and the sun gear can still rotate freely. It is precisely because of this ingenious characteristic of the planetary gear set,Only when the engine, wheels and motor are connected together can they run without interfering with each other.Therefore, the clutch structure is omitted.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　S=C×3.6－R×2.6

　　In the formula, s = sun = sun gear, c = carrier = line constellation, and r = ring = outer gear ring.

　　In addition, since the diameters and teeth numbers of the external gear, the sun gear and the planetary gear have been fixed, it can also be obtained according to the formula on the drawing:When the planetary constellation rotates in the middle, the torque ratio allocated to the outer ring gear and the sun gear is certain.. The specific value is about72%Allocated to the external gear (actually 2.6÷3.6),28%Allocated to the sun gear (1-72%). As long as the engine rotates to work, it will not change this basic fact.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　Then we all know that under a series of different working conditions, the requirements for torque are greatly changed. Traditional power vehicles need a transmission to adjust the output power of the engine. However, in this specific structure of E-CVT, because there are two motors, under different working conditions,According to the above formula. As long as the different rotational speeds of these two motors are controlled, the engine power obtained on the outer gear ring can be changed infinitely, so that the automobile can achieve stepless speed change.

　　As for how the PCU of Prius can control the fuel supply of the engine and the voltage, phase and positive and negative on-off of the two motors in real time according to the running conditions of the car. The control logic involved and the data collection and processing procedures of many sensors are too complicated to be described here. Understand that E-CVT can realize stepless speed change.

　

For more technical channel articles, please click the following link to view:

technology

● Detailed explanation of working conditions

　　The following analyzes the speed change process of E- one by one from various operating conditions:

I. Idle running (hot car)

　　After the start command is issued, it starts (rotates forward) in an instant and drives the start. The whole process is extremely fast and smooth.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　After the engine is started, it runs at idle speed, and the gasoline engine drives the planetary constellation to rotate forward. Because the wheel (outer ring gear) does not rotate, the forward rotation of the planetary gear set (engine) will drive the sun gear (MG1) to rotate forward through the planetary gears. MG1 no longer receives power from the battery pack, but becomes a generator.Emit alternating current, through the inverter and voltage converter in PCU, it becomes low-voltage DC and charges the battery pack. In short, at idle speed,The whole engine is used to charge the battery pack..

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Second, start

　　After the start signal is sent, a small amount of power will be connected to the No.2 motor, and MG2 will start to rotate. Drive the wheel (outer gear ring) to start forward rotation, and the car moves slowly. When you press the accelerator pedal slightly hard, the No.2 motor will get more power and the Prius will accelerate. Because the power of No.2 motor is very high (50KW), the low speed is also very high. Under the control of PCU, the acceleration of the car is very soft.Even by MG2 aloneYou can accelerate the Prius to a considerable speed! This starting process gives full play to MG2.Low speed and high torsionTo make up for the embarrassing situation of insufficient low-speed torque of the engine.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　It is worth noting that if the engine is not working at this time (starting in pure electric mode), with the increase of the rotational speed of MG2, the rotational speed of MG1 will also increase rapidly. Because the speed of MG1 has an upper limit, when it reaches the upper limit, the engine is forced to start to intervene. There is a critical speed at this time. Although this speed is fixed, it is certain that the greater the intensity of stepping on the accelerator at the start, the earlier the gasoline engine will intervene (actively intervene). If you step on the accelerator all at once, the gasoline will ignite immediately.

　　In most cases, MG2 can smoothly accelerate the Prius to a good speed, but in some cases, there will be a phenomenon of insufficient power. This is what the engine will pass after intervention.Driving MG1 to generate electricity for MG2.andDirectly drive the external gear to rotate to push the wheel.Two ways to output power, it is worth mentioning that these two ways can exist at the same time. As for the proportion of each other, it depends on many factors.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Third, small load acceleration

　　When accelerating under light load, the wheels are mainly driven by MG2. With the speed of MG2 increasing, the speed of reverse rotation of the four planetary gears gradually decreases. When the speed of the gear ring is the same as that of the planetary constellation (engine), the rotation of the planetary gears stops, leaving only revolution. At this time, the planetary constellation (engine) pushes the gear ring (wheel) and sun gear (No.1 motor) through the four planetary gears that are no longer rotating, and the three speeds are consistent. MG1 continues to supply power to MG2 and charges the power battery through PCU. Thereafter, the speed of MG2 continues to increase until the vehicle reaches the target speed. At this time, the sun gear rotation speed is less than the rotation speed of the constellation.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Fourth, heavy load acceleration

　　In the face of heavy load acceleration (such as load starting), the power of MG2 can’t keep up.Engine speed increaseEntering its economic operation range, the power of the engine is greatly improved. Because the torque increase of the engine further drives MG1 to generate electricity and the power obtained by the outer ring gear increases, at the same time, the battery pack will also supply power to MG2. Thanks to this, MG2 enters the "full firepower" mode.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Fourth, driving at a constant speed

　　Driving at a constant speed occurs after the acceleration is completed. At this time, the Prius only needs to overcome all kinds of resistance, and the demand for power and torque is greatly reduced. After the throttle is relaxed, the speed of the gasoline engine decreases, and the speed of the gear ring (wheel) is higher than that of the planetary carrier (gasoline engine). At this time, the four planetary gears began to rotate forward. This forward rotation will drive the sun gear (MG1) to reverse.

　　There is something special here, as we learned from the previous article. When the power from the engine is transmitted to the outer ring gear and the sun gear through the planet carrier, the rotational speeds of the outer ring gear and the sun gear will satisfy the following formula.

　　S=C×3.6－R×2.6

　　When the rotating speed of the outer gear ring is higher than that of the planetary carrier, that is, when R>C, it is obvious that S < 0, that is, it is reversed. However, if the reverse rotation of sun gear at this time is idling (without any resistance), it will rotate so fast that all the power from the engine will be absorbed by MG1 and the external gear ring cannot be driven (because it is obviously much easier to drive sun gear than to drive the external gear ring). Therefore, MG1 will need to work in the motor mode here, so that the planet carrier can’t drive the sun gear to fly at high speed and waste the power of the engine.

　　But wouldn’t that be a waste of electricity? Therefore, in general, when cruising at high speed, MG2 becomes a generator to maintain the rotation of MG1.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　In fact, during the whole driving process of Prius, the state of acceleration and uniform driving is constantly switching. The phase of voltage and current will be adjusted by PCU according to various operation actions such as stepping on the accelerator and releasing the accelerator, and various driving conditions of the car, and the output power and rotating direction of the motor will be changed instantly, and the functions of the two motors will be switched.

Fifth, slow down

　　In fact, the deceleration is relatively simple, with the engine turned off and the MG1 idling. MG2 is driven by the wheel and becomes a generator to absorb the deceleration energy of the wheel. And charge the battery pack.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

Sixth, reverse the car

　　Thanks to the large torque of MG2, the torque MG2 required by the Prius when reversing can be easily provided. The battery pack supplies power to MG2, which drives the external gear ring to reverse, and the vehicle finishes reversing.

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　In the whole driving process of Prius, we can see that it is actually a process in which two motors and engines cooperate with each other to perfectly perform linear output under strict electromechanical conversion logic control. The basis of this perfect cooperation is the special structure of E-CVT. Because power = torque × rotational speed, the planetary gear set structure with proportionally distributed torque and infinitely distributed rotational speed enables the power of the engine to be infinitely distributed to the outer gear ring (i.e. wheels) at any time and place, thus completing all functions of the ordinary stepping gearbox!

　　The following table shows the running state of each gear of E-CVT during the whole process:

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

　　You can also refer to the following video to improve your understanding of the operating relationship between planetary gears, sun gears and external gear rings.

● Prospect of E-CVT

　　The appearance of gearbox was born in order to meet the different power requirements under various complex working conditions. Before it appeared, drivers needed to judge the road conditions and car conditions themselves to shift up and down in time. The advantage of this method is a strong sense of driving operation. After all, experienced drivers know what kind of power the car needs better than ECU. In addition, the advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance and small size also make the car with manual transmission have a large number of fans no matter where it is suitable.

　　The appearance of automatic gearbox is actually very early, but the real large-scale application was in the 1980 s, and it was also a free ride with the rapid development of electronic technology. Because automatic transmission is not difficult, it is difficult to change the speed more accurately. In the mechanical age, technology is obviously difficult to achieve, but nowadays, more and more intelligent ECU makes automatic transmission more and more able to understand your driving intention. But even so, the automatic gearbox still has defects:There is shift clearance.Even DCT can’t realize the real "stepless speed change".

　　As for the protagonist E-CVT in this paper, it can be said that it has reached the peak of the integration of electromechanical technology in the gearbox field. First of all, its logic control system is very complicated. In addition, it can effectively make up for the short board (low transmission power) of the traditional stepless gearbox, which integratesHigh power, quick response, stepless speed change and extremely high transmission efficiency.And other advantages in one. But it also has disadvantages:The support system is too complicated.We know that once any system is too complicated, the probability of problems will increase exponentially.　

Ingenious conception and good economy! Full analysis of ECVT transmission

● summary

　　Let’s make a simple summary of E-CVT:

1. Very smooth, extremely smooth

2, the transmission efficiency is high

3, simple structure and small volume

　　Let’s go back to the question at the beginning of the article about whether E-CVT is right or not. Let’s put it this way: If other power sources were not needed to cooperate with it, I’m afraid E-CVT technology would have unified the gearbox field long ago. It is precisely because of this "fatal" defect that it is simply tailored for hybrid models. Writing this analysis is not entirely for the sake of popular science, but I hope that everyone can learn more about this somewhat heterogeneous and unknown transmission structure and its thinking. Because I firmly believe that in the future when fossil energy is exhausted, E-CVT will finally shine!

Do you want to get COVID-19 vaccine？ Disease control experts tell you

At present, the vaccination work in Covid-19, Inner Mongolia has been carried out among the target population over 18 years old. On March 29th, the reporter interviewed Yan Shaohong, deputy director of the Second Institute of Tuberculosis and Prevention of the Center for Comprehensive Disease Control and Prevention of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, about the effective protection and adverse reactions of Covid-19 vaccine.

"Covid-19 vaccination is the most effective way to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19, which is the most economical and convenient." Yan Shaohong said that it is the duty and obligation of every citizen to vaccinate Covid-19 vaccine, and the masses should correctly understand the safety of COVID-19 vaccine and take the initiative to vaccinate.

Yan Shaohong said that almost all people have no immunity against Covid-19, and are generally susceptible to Covid-19. After the infection, some people will develop into severe illness, critical illness and even death. After vaccination, on the one hand, most people can gain immunity; On the other hand, through the orderly inoculation of COVID-19 vaccine, an immune barrier can be gradually established in the population, and the large-scale spread and epidemic of COVID-19 can be blocked.

At present, the vaccination work in Covid-19, the key population in the whole region, has come to an end, and the vaccination work for the target population over 18 years old has also started, with two doses of vaccination, with an interval of 2-4 weeks. The principle of vaccination work is still to adhere to informed, consent, voluntary and free vaccination, to coordinate the prevention and control of normalization with vaccination work, to prudently, steadily and orderly implement local territorial responsibility and industry supervision responsibility according to law, to promote vaccination work more safely, orderly and forcefully, to gradually expand the coverage of people, and to vaccinate as many people as possible to protect the health of the broad masses of the people.

"The protective efficacy of vaccines used in China has reached the relevant standards of National Medical Products Administration’s Guiding Principles for Clinical Evaluation of Preventive Vaccines in novel coronavirus (Trial), and it also meets the index requirements recommended by the World Health Organization’s Covid-19 Vaccine Target Product Characteristics. The immune persistence of inactivated vaccine in Covid-19 is still under continuous observation. The evidence suggests that the vaccine protection period can reach at least half a year. " Yan Shaohong admits that no vaccine can guarantee that the vaccinated population will have 100% protection effect. Therefore, after vaccination with Covid-19 vaccine, the protection standard cannot be lowered in daily work and life. The general public should still keep the awareness of preventing Covid-19 infection and spread, and do personal protection. Whether vaccinated or not, they should continue to wear masks indoors or in closed places where people gather, and follow the specific prevention and control measures in various places.

Regarding the adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccine, Yan Shaohong said that the vaccine is an exotic antigen to human body. Due to the characteristics of the vaccine and individual differences, there will be some adverse reactions after vaccination, but the incidence rate is still relatively low. At present, the adverse reactions monitored mainly include local reactions and systemic reactions. After inoculation, local reactions will cause pain, some will appear redness and some will appear induration, but these local reactions do not need to be treated and will heal on their own. The general reactions are mainly headache and fatigue, and some may have low fever. (Reporter Zhang Wenqiang)

Chinese-style modernization is the modernization that really benefits the people (International Forum, Understanding China, Understanding the Communist Party of China (CPC))

　　In 2015, I worked in China as a resident reporter for Pyramid. Since then, I have been very concerned about the development and changes in China. I have visited China almost every year since I returned to Egypt from my term. Over the years, I have witnessed the rapid changes in China and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards. To my surprise, I can find many new changes even if I revisit China city in a relatively short time. The Communist Party of China (CPC) unites and leads the people of China to continuously promote Chinese modernization and change the country step by step.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) adhered to the people-centered development thought and won the extensive support and trust of the people of China. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has won the unprecedented, strongest and most populous battle against poverty in human history, which is a very remarkable achievement. I have visited some rural areas in Tibet and Shaanxi. According to the specific situation, the local government makes poverty alleviation plans, or improves farmers’ living environment through relocation, or vigorously develops characteristic agriculture, tourism, handicrafts, etc., or helps farmers find jobs and start businesses with employment guidance, low-interest loans and other measures. The common goal of these efforts is to help people increase their income and lead a better life. At present, China is vigorously implementing the rural revitalization strategy and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

　　Chinese modernization is the modernization that really benefits the people. The development of science and technology in China has brought great convenience to people’s lives. In China, people basically don’t need to carry cash or credit cards when they go out, but they can easily complete the ordering and payment in their daily life with a mobile phone. China has also made continuous progress in combating desertification, improving air quality and realizing green development, and people’s living environment is getting better and better. The government of China is committed to raising the level of education, improving medical conditions and strengthening social security. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the market space becomes broader and the human resources become richer, and China will have stronger development momentum.

　　China has a large population, a vast territory and complex national conditions, so realizing modernization is bound to be a process of constantly overcoming challenges. At present, there are no more than 30 industrialized countries in the world with a total population of no more than 1 billion. China has a population of more than 1.4 billion. It is an unprecedented event in the history of human development to make such a huge population enter the modern society as a whole. As a populous country in the Middle East, Egypt faces many challenges similar to those of China on the road to development and revitalization. Chinese-style modernization provides many valuable experiences for reference, which makes the developing countries, especially those with large population, see the hope of modernization.

　　China’s continuous promotion of Chinese modernization will provide more new opportunities for all countries in the world. China strives to make the middle-income group exceed 800 million in the next 15 years, and promote the continuous development of the super-large-scale market. The released consumer demand will strongly promote the development of the world economy. Chinese-style modernization will not only benefit the people of China, but also bring development dividends to all countries in the world, benefiting the people of all countries.

　　(The author is the deputy editor of the Egyptian newspaper Pyramid)

Talking about the topic of dissolution in May, Qi Shuabao talked about ＂dissolution once a day＂

Raise a glass to celebrate in May.

Debut in Taipei on May Day.

A Xin is shooting food.

Stone Martha plays selfie.

　　　　　　　 On May 16th, I attended a press conference in Taipei. Earlier, it was revealed that Ella had left Huayan, and the S.H.E three people were facing the crisis of dissolution. As a "longevity" group, they were asked about the topic of dissolution. A Xin joked: "We are on the verge of dissolution at any time. It is work that brings us together. We will dissolve as soon as we announce it!" The league members booed and said, "We dissolve once a day." Mayday said that the concert tour had just finished 96 performances and was about to break 100 performances, which was the first time in the 21 years since it became a military. They laughed and said, "When we got off the stage, we got together to eat, and everyone had a good relationship. There was no such problem."

　　Martha was promoted to be a father a few days ago, and the twins were just full moon. She was asked what it was like to be a father. He said happily and briefly, "Yes, I have recently become a father and I am in a good mood." A Xin joked that Martha is so good that she can wrap diapers with one hand without being in a hurry. Stone sent a long article a few days ago, saying that he had not talked to the children for a long time and had to face the topic of "letting go". He said: "I am busy with the concert and haven’t seen my family for a while. I hope to spend more time with my children."

　　Last night, fans were disappointed that they couldn’t hear the Mayday song "Stubborn" on the broadcast. The rumor was broadcast during the warm-up before the game. Martha said: "It’s very happy that the song can be heard on such an important occasion. After all, the game is the most important and it doesn’t affect the game."

Ruifeng m3 Word of Mouth Analysis？

Understand the real reputation of Ruifeng M3, and let’s discuss its advantages and disadvantages in depth:

  • Appearance and space:Ruifeng M3 has captured the hearts of many car buyers with its atmospheric appearance. Especially for family trips, the spacious space makes every trip look relaxed and comfortable without worrying about crowding.
  • Fuel consumption and improvement points:Although the appearance is attractive, the fuel consumption of Ruifeng M3 is not satisfactory, which is higher than expected. In terms of the design of the front face and headlights, some users think that it needs to be improved, which may have an impact on the daily driving experience, especially when parking and washing cars in congested urban areas.
  • Interior design:Although the interior is not luxurious, the interior design of Ruifeng M3 is full of individuality and uniqueness, which makes people feel that the designer has really spent his mind. This makes the grade sense of the interior not reduced, but adds a unique charm to the car.
  • Spatial representation:The vastness of Ruifeng M3 is one of its selling points. Both passengers and luggage can find enough space to meet the demand, which undoubtedly provides great convenience for travel.
  • Power and control:In terms of power, Ruifeng M3 has excellent instant start performance, and it is even more flexible than pure electric vehicles when driving in cities. The handling performance has been recognized by the owner, which is undoubtedly a positive affirmation of the driving experience.

Generally speaking, Ruifeng M3 has won the favor of some consumers because of its unique appearance, spacious space and relatively good power performance, but there are still some areas that can be improved, such as fuel consumption and design. When buying a car, consumers can weigh these factors according to their own needs.

瑞风M3

Qingdao Willanda price reduction news, discount 33,000! limited in number

[car home Qingdao Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, preferential activities in Qingdao are under way, with a maximum discount range of 33,000 yuan and a minimum starting price of 140,800 yuan. If you are interested in buying, please be sure to click the "Check the car price" link in the quotation form to get more discounts.

青岛威兰达降价消息，优惠3.3万！数量有限

Willanda has a fashionable and dynamic design, and its front face adopts a wide air intake grille, which is matched with a sharp LED headlight group, showing a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth and dynamic, and the overall style is both sporty and luxurious.

青岛威兰达降价消息，优惠3.3万！数量有限

The body size of Wilanda is 4665mm (length) *1855mm (width) *1680mm (height), and the wheelbase is 2690mm, providing spacious interior space. The side lines of the car body are smooth, showing a combination of movement and elegance. With 18-inch wheels, it is not only beautiful but also practical. The front and rear tyre size are both 225/60 R18, which ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle.

青岛威兰达降价消息，优惠3.3万！数量有限

Wilanda’s interior style is simple and full of technology. The steering wheel is made of plastic material, which has the function of manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment, providing the driver with a comfortable operating experience. The center console is equipped with a 10.25-inch touch screen, integrated with multimedia and navigation system, and supports USB interface, which is convenient for connecting mobile phones and other devices. The seat is made of fabric, and the main driver’s seat can realize the front-back adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), and the co-pilot seat also has the front-back and backrest adjustment functions. The second row of seats also supports backrest adjustment, and can be laid down in proportion, which improves the flexibility of space.

青岛威兰达降价消息，优惠3.3万！数量有限

Willanda is equipped with an L4 engine with a power of 2.0L and 171 horsepower, with a maximum power of 126kW and a maximum torque of 206 N m. With CVT continuously variable transmission (simulating the 10th gear), it provides drivers with a smooth and powerful power experience.

In the evaluation of Willanda by car home car owners, the beauty of white body color was specifically mentioned. He said: "The white color is beautiful, and the design of the front and rear of the car is very in line with the aesthetics of young people."

Mercedes-Benz S-Class is about to attract a brand-new model, the most cost-effective Mercedes-Benz (imported).

Since its listing, popularity and word-of-mouth have increased significantly, especially for young consumers, Mercedes-Benz S-Class has been quite attractive. The Mercedes-Benz S-class air intake grille is advanced, and it is matched with the "Mercedes-Benz" logo, which makes the front part of the vehicle look simple, with unique headlight contours on both sides, and the internal light groups are patchwork, which makes it bright when lit. From the side waist, the new car adopts the side-looking design, which prolongs the visual effect of the car to a certain extent. In addition, with the 20-inch multi-spoke, it makes its sports atmosphere more intense. The tail line of the new car is very simple and clear, with a tendency to protrude backwards, which is very playful. The details of the tail lights have become more elegant after being redrawn.

The interior of Mercedes-Benz S-Class vehicle is full of spaciousness and layering. The steering wheel wrapped in leather is wrapped with leather material, which shows leather in texture and touch, and is also equipped with shift paddles, which is very fun to drive. The center console is made of plastic, leather, wood and metal. The materials and workmanship look quite satisfactory. The 12.3-inch central control large screen has simple screen design but complete functions. The front row is also equipped with a dual-temperature automatic air conditioning control system, which can freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. The seat is surrounded by everything and can hold the family firmly.

The length, width and height are 5320×1921×1503mm respectively, and the wheelbase has reached 3216 mm. In the same class, the wheelbase of Mercedes-Benz S-Class ranks 10th. The interior space of the car is relatively spacious at the same level, the height and width of the car are ideal, and the legroom in the back row will not feel cramped, which belongs to the upper-middle level at the same level. Mercedes-Benz S-Class redesigned S 500 L 4MATIC skylights provide a wider view, which can create a better visual environment and good sensitivity for the rear passengers and increase the light penetration for the whole vehicle. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of Mercedes-Benz S-Class ranks fourth. Spatial performance is limited by vehicle positioning, and the performance is acceptable, and the flatness is no problem, but the total space is average.

Mercedes-Benz S-Class is equipped with a 3.0 engine with a maximum output of 330kW and a maximum torque of 560Nm. The 3.0 engine is quite satisfactory in power performance on the Mercedes-Benz S-Class, with weak low torque and can feel hysteresis. The official measured acceleration of Mercedes-Benz S-Class is 5S, ranking 18th among the cars with more than 800,000 cars.

The active/passive safety configuration of Mercedes-Benz S-Class is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In order to get a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Mercedes-Benz S-Class, you can go to the Easy Car Mercedes-Benz S-Class Forum and browse the messages of users who have purchased the car in history.

Developing Intelligent Networked Cars ＂The Second Engine＂ for the Growth of China’s Automobile Industry

The picture comes from the Internet.

　　Driverless technology is desirable and full of worries.

　　At some moments, people will be excited and look forward to driverless technology, because the core of this technology is to replace human drivers with stable and accurate machines. One day, driverless driving may make all kinds of dangerous driving factors disappear. However, sometimes, people are afraid of driverless technology, because using immature technology on public roads does make people feel nervous. When will driverless cars develop by leaps and bounds and when will they be ready to go on the road?

　　Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Action Plan for Industrial Development of the Internet of Vehicles (Intelligent Networked Vehicles) (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), which aroused widespread concern. The Action Plan proposes that by 2020, a breakthrough will be made in the cross-industry integration of the car networking (intelligent networked cars) industry. What are the barriers to the development of the car networking in China at present? In the Action Plan, it is specifically pointed out that to speed up the key core technologies of intelligent networked vehicles, what are the core technologies? What are the specific support measures in the Action Plan? In response to these hot issues, the reporter interviewed relevant industry experts.

????Developing car networking is a good opportunity for overtaking in corners in China.

　　What is an intelligent networked car?

　　Li Keqiang, director of Tsinghua University Intelligent Networked Automobile and Transportation Research Center, said that intelligent networked automobile refers to the organic combination of the Internet of Vehicles and smart cars. It is equipped with advanced on-board sensors, controllers, actuators and other devices, and integrates modern communication and network technologies to realize the exchange and sharing of intelligent information between vehicles and people, roads, clouds, etc. It has the functions of complex environment perception, intelligent decision-making and collaborative control, and can realize "safe, comfortable, energy-saving and efficient" driving.

　　"In the field of traditional automobile development, China lags far behind the West, so it is impossible to catch up in a short time. However, in terms of new energy vehicles, a great opportunity for China’s new energy vehicles is that its start is almost synchronous with that of the West in terms of intelligent technology. Therefore, the development of intelligent networked vehicles is a great opportunity for China car companies to overtake in corners. The development of intelligent technology in China is very fast, and it has reached the world-class level in speech recognition and other technologies, which is a very important opportunity for China car companies. " Xu Aiping, an associate researcher at the Institute of Industrial Development of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, said.

　　In order to further promote the sustained and healthy development of the industry, the Action Plan proposes to achieve the goal of high-quality development of the car networking industry in stages. In the first stage, by 2020, a breakthrough will be made in the cross-industry integration of the car networking (intelligent networked cars) industry, and intelligent networked cars with high-level automatic driving function will be applied in a specific scene scale, and the penetration rate of car networking users will reach more than 30%. In the second stage, after 2020, technological innovation, standard system, infrastructure, application service and safety guarantee system will be fully completed, and intelligent networked cars with high-level automatic driving function and 5G-V2X will gradually realize large-scale commercial applications, and "people-vehicles-roads-clouds" will achieve high synergy.

????Technology, industry and policy restrict the development of vehicle networking.

　　The rapid development of the market does not mean that the ecological construction of the Internet of Vehicles is mature. What are the difficulties between ideal and reality?

　　"At present, China’s car networking industry has entered the fast lane, technological innovation is increasingly active, new applications are booming, and industrial scale is expanding. However, there are also problems such as key core technologies to be broken, industrial ecology to be improved, and policies and regulations to be improved." The head of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said.

　　"China’s intelligent networked automobile industry foundation and technology research and development are relatively weak, especially in the fields of vehicle research and development, sensors, computing platforms, etc., and the relevant standards, laws and regulations are relatively lagging behind, and the intelligent development of road traffic is later than that of developed countries abroad." Wang Gang, director of the Beijing Economic and Information Technology Commission, said.

　　Taking Beijing as an example, Wang Gang pointed out that in the process of promoting the development of intelligent networked automobile industry, some key problems still need to be solved: in terms of intelligent networked automobile core electronic devices, on-board intelligent software and hardware platforms, etc., it is necessary to further improve the control ability of key technologies.

　　"At the same time, the traditional automobile manufacturing industry has limitations in the accumulation of intelligent networked automobile technology and product research and development, and the manufacturing capacity of new intelligent automobiles is still insufficient. The integration and collaboration between traditional automobile design and manufacturing and computing, communications and other industries also need to be strengthened. More importantly, intelligent transportation needs to strengthen overall planning, and needs to unify standards and enhance capabilities in intelligent road networks, cloud management and cloud control platforms, and application demonstrations. " Wang Gang said.

　　"China has both advantages and disadvantages in developing electric technology and intelligent networking technology. Strong government coordination, large investment in infrastructure construction, and a good foundation of internet technology and communication technology are the advantages; The weak technical foundation and the policy environment are not conducive to technological innovation, which is the disadvantage. " Dong Yang, executive vice president of China Automobile Industry Association, said.

????Vigorously support the key technologies of wireless communication networks

　　The head of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology pointed out that the Action Plan put forward five key tasks on the basis of in-depth research. The first aspect is to break through key technologies and promote industrialization.

　　"We propose to make full use of all kinds of innovative resources, accelerate the development and application of key parts and systems of intelligent networked vehicles, and promote the construction of intelligent networked vehicle decision-making control platform. Vigorously support the research and development and industrialization of key technologies of wireless communication networks such as LTE-V2X and 5G-V2X, and comprehensively build a vehicle networking architecture that combines communication and computing. " The person in charge said.

　　"The key to intelligent networked cars is intelligence, the essence of which is cars. It is characterized by the networking of communication infrastructure, provided that traffic is safe, smooth and efficient." Li Shufu, chairman of Geely Holding Group, said that to achieve the above goals, we must pay attention to information security and privacy protection, vulnerability discovery and emergency remedy, traffic safety and malicious control, network boundary and system autonomy. Among them, the operating system is the core component of the intelligent networked car and the brain of the whole car, which is very important.

　　Sun Fengchun, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and an expert on vehicle electrification, stressed that China Intelligent Networked Vehicle still has a long way to go. Intelligent networked cars on the road, or to achieve automatic driving, the prerequisite is that cars must be highly intelligent, but manufacturing highly intelligent cars is a gradual process; Secondly, intelligent networked vehicles based on new energy vehicles are China’s development strategy, and the network needs to be built well, and the construction of the network can not be completed overnight.

????Automotive, electronics, communications and other fields need collaborative innovation.

　　How to ensure the implementation of the Action Plan?

　　The person in charge of the Science and Technology Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that the Action Plan sorts out the policies and measures for the development of the car networking industry, and puts forward specific safeguard measures from six aspects: strengthening organizational leadership, increasing policy support, building an industrial ecosystem, optimizing the industrial development environment, improving the personnel training system, and promoting international, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan exchanges and cooperation.

　　"At present, the core technologies and testing standards of China’s intelligent networked vehicles are still not perfect, and the organic integration of standards between different industries still needs to be strengthened. Mechanisms in information security, open sharing, and operational supervision have not yet been fully established. " Luo Junjie, deputy director of the Equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that these problems are also challenges that the development of global intelligent networked vehicles needs to face together.

　　Luo Junjie said that on the one hand, it needs collaborative innovation in the fields of automobiles, electronics, communications and the Internet; On the other hand, it is also necessary for major automobile producing countries in the world to join hands to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in intelligent networked automobile policies, technologies, standards and regulations. Under the framework of international organizations such as WP29 and ISO, especially with the help of the newly established self-driving vehicle working group under WP29, the key technologies of autonomous driving will be accelerated and relevant standards and regulations will be formulated.

　　"On the question of how car companies can make good use of the existing industrial subsidy policy, I think it is better to remind China car companies to pay more attention to their own R&D investment. Modern car companies have established a strong R&D system with enterprises as the main body in order to survive for a long time. Like Ford, Mercedes-Benz, etc., they invested a lot of money in research and development and formed an independent and controllable core technology system to survive in the fierce market competition. " Xu Aiping said. (Reporter Ma Aiping)