标签： 上海龙凤1314

【 Preface to Words 】

Graphical user interface (GUI) is the way for users to interact with computers, and it is also the front-end representation of the underlying program code. Because of the particularity of invention patent applications involving computer programs, how to grasp the creative judgment of invention patents based on GUI is also controversial. In this paper, through a case of invalidation request, the creative judgment of invention patent based on graphical user interface is analyzed in detail.

[Concept elaboration]

Chapter 9 of the Examination Guide gives special provisions on the writing of the description and claims of an application for a patent for invention involving a computer program. It is necessary to reflect the technical scheme of the invention as a whole and record the necessary technical features for solving technical problems, instead of simply describing the functions that the computer program has and the effects that the functions can achieve. The method claims should describe in detail the functions that the computer program performs and how to complete them according to the steps of the method flow. The provisions on creative review in Chapter 9 of the Examination Guide, when examining an application for a patent for invention with algorithmic features or business rules and methods, should consider the algorithmic features or business rules and methods that are functionally mutually supportive and interactive with the technical features as a whole. This provision does not conflict with the provisions on creativity in Chapter 4 of Part II of the Examination Guide, and the creative judgment of an application for a patent for invention based on graphical user interface has the same creative judgment as that of applications for a patent for invention in other fields. How to better deal with the relationship between specific writing methods and creative judgment, especially how to accurately identify technical effects under this writing method needs more discussion.

Taking the case under review as an example, it relates to the technical content that users can directly perform simple and intuitive gesture operations on the display screen, which is widely used in the man-machine interaction of the graphical user interface of mobile intelligent terminals. The subject of claim 1 is a shooting method, and part of the features defined by this shooting are the functions executed by computer programs and how to complete these functions, and part of the features are the dynamic changes of the graphical user interface. The effects of graphical user interface recorded in the manual are mostly subjective feelings established in the process of using products, and these characteristics are related to their technical fields. However, whether the characteristics describing the effects of people’s cognitive impressions, psychological reactions and behaviors are obvious or can produce beneficial technical effects compared with the existing technologies, the author believes that in addition to considering the technical scheme recorded in the invention patent application for graphical user interface, we should also treat the invention of graphical user interface as a whole, and consider the technical fields to which the invention belongs, the technical problems solved and the production.

[Case Deduction]

First, determine the technical effect and technical problems in the technical field.

The patent involved in the examination decision is the shooting method limited by the operation steps of the graphical user interface, and the comparison file used in the examination decision is the software version before this patent, both of which are used for shooting the mobile terminal by man-machine interaction of the graphical user interface. The difference between them is that the patent has added the feature that the button shape changes in the same direction as the carrier moves on the screen to remind the user of the current operation information. Just looking at the above differences, it’s just a dynamic graphical user interface operation change, whose function is to prompt the user’s current operation and enhance the user experience. The effect brought by this operation change in any graphical user interface is consistent, and it is impossible to know its beneficial effect, but it is completely different when it is placed in the field where the invention patent is located. The change caused by this operation is the change of whether the shooting information prompt is given during the shooting process, which is the effect produced in practical application. Moreover, there is a big difference in the experience between the photographer with information prompt and the photographer without information prompt, so it is necessary to combine the technical field to determine the technical effect.

Also considering the technical field, it will be clear in creative judgment that the technical problem to be solved is closely related to online video shooting. This button posture changes with the movement of the button, which can give the photographer accurate information. By giving the information, the photographer can know what he is doing and have an intuitive feeling of what he is doing, that is to say, he knows that the technical task of improving the nearest existing technology in order to obtain better shooting effect is to give corresponding shooting tips. Without the technical field, "the position and posture of the button changes with the movement of the carrier" is a change in the graphical user interface, just like the simple movement of the mouse on the computer display interface, which is not related to the actual operation and will not produce the actual technical effect, and the technicians in this field are not clear about the problem to be solved by this feature. Therefore, in creative judgment, it is necessary to consider the technical effect of technical features in the technical field of graphical user interface and re-determine the technical problems that need to be solved according to the technical field.

Second, objectively judge the technical effect and technical problems

First of all, objectively understand the technical effect and technical problems of the patent recording scheme. Technical effect is an important factor to judge creativity, and beneficial technical effect is an important basis to determine whether an invention has "significant progress". The description should clearly and objectively state the beneficial effects of the invention or utility model compared with the existing technology. The patent involved in this decision records that the invention in the prior art has the beneficial technical effects of "supporting the interactive action of shooting button movement with finger movement, meeting the needs of users to continue shooting with multi-angle and rotating mobile phones, and improving the user experience". In the author’s opinion, after reading this patent, we can know that the specific technical feature of the shooting method "the button moves with the finger during shooting" brings the technical effect of "multi-angle, rotating the mobile phone can continue shooting", and based on this technical effect, the problem of "how to achieve multi-angle shooting" is determined to be solved, but "improving the user experience" cannot solve the above problem; At the same time, the technical effect is brought by the technical features of the invention directly acting on the product or inevitably produced in the product, which is the product itself and the external presentation of the technical scheme, while "improving the user experience" is the intuitive feeling of the user in the process of using the product, which is also interpreted in ISO9241-210 standard as including the user’s feelings, beliefs, preferences, cognitive impressions, physiological and psychological reactions, behaviors and achievements in using the product. These feelings are formed by people’s processing, and they may vary from person to person. Similarly, people’s feelings are not the attributes of products, so it is not appropriate to divide them into technical features with technical effects.

Secondly, objectively understand the technical effects of patents compared with existing technologies. In the decision, the reference document discloses the above-mentioned feature "supporting the interactive action of shooting button movement with finger movement", which also discloses the claimed technical effect, and the Review Guide says that "as a principle, any technical effect of the invention can be used as the basis for re-determining technical problems". Therefore, in the case that the difference between the technical scheme protected by this patent claim and the reference document has changed (the specific difference feature is as above), the technical scheme of this patent should be re-recognized when judging creativity.

In the above distinguishing features, "used for prompting the user’s current operation information" is the function or result of "the shape of the button changes in the same direction with the movement of the carrier", which is not the operation mode or step of shooting. Although it can satisfy the user’s easier interaction with the product, it is beneficial to complete the ideal shooting and even improve the user experience. In the case that the technical scheme does not record that "Prompting the user’s current operation information" is associated with the product it works on and can realize a specific function, it should not continue to be considered that this feature has other technical effects, unless the technical scheme also records that the next step or operation should be continued according to "Prompting the user’s current operation information". Therefore, the technical effect of the above distinguishing features is that the button shape changes in the same direction with the movement of the carrier when the carrier pressing the button moves on the screen, and the user is informed of the current operation action, so that the user can clearly know the current operation action, that is, the user is prompted of the current operation information, the controllability of the product is improved, and of course, the user experience is improved.

Based on this technical effect, the technical problem is "how to improve the controllability of products". From the overall technical scheme, this technical effect inevitably produced by technical characteristics is beneficial technical effect, so the invention has made remarkable progress.

Third, commercial success plays an auxiliary role in creative judgment.

The Review Guide gives other factors that need to be considered when judging an invention, and emphasizes that when the application is "the invention is successful in business", it should not be easily concluded that the invention is not creative. Some people also think that "patent is the product of the market, and its destination is the market after all". The commercial success of software products is the result of users’ comparison and selection of specific software and other similar software in the market in a free market. Most countries, such as the United States and Japan, basically adopt the standard of "non-obviousness" in creative judgment, and believe that whether an invention patent reflects technological progress can be tested by market rules without making special provisions in the patent law. From this point of view, if the free use of similar software includes the invention patents of computer graphical user interface, which invention patent obtains beneficial technical effects, the market choice is more authentic.

It is true that there is no quantitative proof standard for commercial success, but the large increase in the number of users of a software and the frequent imitation by latecomers can reflect the beneficial effects of the invention in the software, and also show that the invention is not obvious. Although commercial success was not introduced in the examination decision, objectively, the shooting method of the patent involved was used in the version of "vibrato short video" after the patent application date, and its download volume was much larger than that before the application date. Excluding the increase in software usage caused by the improvement of sales technology, advertising or the habitual effect of the public’s continuous use of software, the positive and efficient experience brought by the software improvement to the users can not be underestimated, which is why the software users can be more welcome to the new version.

During the substantive examination, the application for a patent for invention of graphical user interface may not be popularized on a large scale or widely recognized in the industry, that is, it has not achieved commercial success, so it is not obvious that the beneficial effects of the invention can not be considered from the perspective of commercial success in the substantive examination. However, if the patent is found to be commercially successful in the post-confirmation procedure, it should be considered and the conclusion that the invention is not creative should not be easily made, which leads to different factors to be considered in the creative judgment of invention patent authorization and confirmation. Theoretically, the conclusion whether the invention is creative should be unique, so the commercial success directly caused by technical characteristics should not conflict with the beneficial effects obtained by other judgment methods, so as to avoid the situation that different creative judgment methods lead to different conclusions. (Review and Invalid Trial Department Zhou Leiming lixi)

　　On February 28th, 2019, China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) released the 43rd Statistical Report on Internet Development in China. The report focuses on five aspects: Internet infrastructure, Internet application development, government application development, industrial and technological development and Internet security, and strives to comprehensively reflect the development of China’s Internet in 2018 through multi-angle and all-round data display.

　　The amount of basic resources has steadily increased, and IPv6 has broad application prospects.

　　As of December 2018, the number of IPv6 addresses in China was 41,079 /32, with an annual growth rate of 75.3%; The total number of domain names is 37.928 million, of which the total number of ".CN" domain names is 21.243 million, accounting for 56.0% of the total number of domain names. In terms of IPv6, China is continuously promoting the large-scale deployment of IPv6, further standardizing the IPv6 address allocation and traceability mechanism, effectively improving the IPv6 security capability, and thus promoting the comprehensive application of IPv6; In terms of domain names, in 2018, China’s high-performance domain name resolution technology continued to develop, new breakthroughs were made in the research and development of independent intellectual property software, and the ability to localize and customize domain name service security policies was further enhanced, thus significantly improving the service capability and security guarantee capability of China’s domain name service system.

　　The Internet penetration rate is close to 60%, and the access threshold is further lowered.

　　By December 2018, the number of Internet users in China had reached 829 million, with a penetration rate of 59.6%, up 3.8 percentage points from the end of 2017, with 56.53 million new Internet users. The number of mobile Internet users in China reached 817 million, and the proportion of Internet users accessing through mobile phones reached 98.6%, with 64.33 million new mobile Internet users in the whole year. In 2018, the internet coverage was further expanded, and the "last mile" of network infrastructure in poverty-stricken areas was gradually opened.

　　The "digital divide" has been bridged quickly; Mobile traffic charges have dropped sharply, and inter-provincial "roaming" has become history, the threshold for residents to access the network has been further lowered, and the efficiency of information exchange has been improved.

　　The first law in the field of e-commerce was promulgated, and the industry accelerated the conversion of kinetic energy.

　　As of December 2018, the number of online shopping users in China reached 610 million, with an annual growth rate of 14.4% and a utilization rate of 73.6%. The first law in the field of electronic commerce, the Electronic Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China, was officially promulgated, which is of great significance to promoting the sustained and healthy development of the industry. After years of rapid development, the online consumer market has gradually entered the development stage of upgrading, and the "double upgrade" at both ends of supply and demand is becoming a new round of driving force for industry growth. On the supply side, online and offline resources are accelerating integration, and new models such as social e-commerce and quality e-commerce continue to enrich consumption scenarios and drive the transformation and upgrading of the retail industry; Technologies such as big data and blockchain are deeply applied to effectively improve operational efficiency. On the demand side, the trend of consumption upgrading remains unchanged, and the characteristics of consumption stratification are increasingly prominent, further promoting market diversification.

On January 16th, in Wuma Commercial Street, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, shoppers paid by "brushing their faces". Photo courtesy/vision china

　　Offline payment habits continued to consolidate, and the international payment market accelerated.

　　By the end of December 2018, the number of mobile internet payment users in China reached 583 million, with an annual growth rate of 10.7%, and the utilization rate of mobile internet users reached 71.4%. The habit of offline online payment continued to consolidate, and the proportion of netizens using mobile phone online payment increased from 65.5% at the end of 2017 to 67.2%. In terms of cross-border payment, Alipay and WeChat payment have been accessed in compliance in more than 40 countries and regions respectively; In terms of overseas localized payment, Chinese enterprises have operated localized digital wallet products in nine Asian countries and regions.

　　Internet entertainment has entered a standardized development track, and the utilization rate of short video users is nearly 80%

　　By December 2018, the number of users of online video, online music and online games was 612 million, 576 million and 484 million, respectively, and the utilization rates were 73.9%, 69.5% and 58.4%, respectively. Major online video platforms pay attention to the improvement of program content quality, and self-made content moves towards quality. With the deepening of copyright cooperation among online music enterprises, the process of copyright legalization of digital music has been significantly accelerated. More and more game companies have begun to focus on overseas business, and the influence of domestic games in overseas markets has further expanded. The number of short video users reached 648 million, and the user utilization rate was 78.2%. With the deployment of short videos by many Internet companies, the market maturity gradually improved, and the professionalism and verticality of content production deepened, and high-quality content became the core competitiveness of each platform.

　　The efficiency of online government services has been improved, and the people-oriented development concept has been practiced.

　　As of December 2018, the number of online government service users in China reached 394 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total netizens. By the end of December 2018, there were 17,962 government websites in China, and the cumulative number of users of WeChat city service reached 570 million. The number of government agencies Weibo certified by Sina platform reached 138,253, and 78,180 government headlines were opened by party and government organs at all levels … In 2018, China’s "Internet+government services" deepened, and governments at all levels relied on the online government service platform to promote online and offline integration. Real-time import of online declaration, queuing appointment, examination and approval results and other information, strengthen the construction of a national unified and multi-level interconnected data sharing and exchange platform, and realize "people running less errands" by "letting data run more". At the same time, all localities have successively started the construction of county-level media integration centers, including all media units such as county radio and television stations, county party newspapers and county-owned websites, and taking charge of all information publishing services in the county, so as to realize centralized and unified management of resources, high-quality information and standardized service, better convey government information and serve the local people.

On June 30, 2018, Dandong, Liaoning Province, fans who rushed to the scene to watch the live broadcast of Modern Brothers crowded Anton Old Street. Photo courtesy/vision china

　　The emerging technology field maintains a good development momentum and opens up a new situation in building a network power.

　　In 2018, China’s development momentum in basic resources, 5G, quantum information, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, big data, blockchain, virtual reality, Internet of Things logo, supercomputing and other fields is improving. In the field of 5G, breakthroughs have been made in the research and development of core technologies, and government and enterprises have joined forces to promote the steady development of the industry; In the field of artificial intelligence, the ability of scientific and technological innovation has been strengthened, and local plans and policies have been promulgated one after another, effectively promoting the deep integration of artificial intelligence and economic and social development; In the field of cloud computing, the Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of a new generation of information industry represented by it, enterprises actively promote strategic layout, and cloud computing services have gradually been recognized and accepted by the domestic market.

　　interlinkage

　　Basic data (as of December 2018)

　　The number of netizens reached 829 million, with 56.53 million new netizens in the whole year, and the Internet penetration rate was 59.6%, an increase of 3.8 percentage points over the end of 2017.

　　The number of mobile phone users reached 817 million, with 64.33 million new mobile phone users in the whole year.

　　The number of rural netizens reached 222 million, accounting for 26.7% of the total netizens, an increase of 12.91 million compared with the end of 2017, with a growth rate of 6.2%; The Internet penetration rate in rural areas was 38.4%, up 3.0 percentage points from the end of 2017.

　　98.6% netizens use mobile phones to surf the Internet, 48.0% use desktop computers and 35.9% use notebook computers, and 31.1% use TV to surf the Internet.

　　The number of IPv6 addresses is 41,079 blocks /32, an increase of 75.3% compared with the end of 2017. The total number of ".CN" domain names is 21.243 million, an increase of 1.9% compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 56.0% of the total number of domain names in China. China’s international export bandwidth is 8,946,570Mbps, with an annual growth rate of 22.2%.

　　The number of instant messaging users reached 792 million, and the proportion of netizens was 95.6%.

　　Mobile instant messaging users reached 780 million, accounting for 95.5% of mobile Internet users.

　　The number of online news users reached 675 million, an increase of 4.3% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens used was 81.4%;

　　The number of news users on mobile phone network reached 653 million, accounting for 79.9% of mobile phone users, with an annual growth rate of 5.4%.

　　The number of online shopping users reached 610 million, an increase of 14.4% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens was 73.6%;

　　The number of mobile online shopping users reached 592 million, accounting for 72.5% of mobile internet users, with an annual growth rate of 17.1%.

　　The number of online takeaway users reached 406 million, an increase of 18.2% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens was 49.0%;

　　The number of mobile phone online take-out users reached 397 million, accounting for 48.6% of mobile phone users, with an annual growth rate of 23.2%.

　　The number of online payment users reached 600 million, an increase of 13.0% compared with the end of 2017, and the proportion of netizens used was 72.5%;

　　The scale of mobile phone network payment users reached 583 million, accounting for 71.4% of mobile phone netizens, with an annual growth rate of 10.7%.

　　The number of online video users reached 612 million, an increase of 33.09 million compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 73.9% of the total netizens;

　　The number of mobile phone network video users reached 590 million, an increase of 41.01 million compared with the end of 2017, accounting for 72.2% of mobile phone netizens.

　　The number of short video users reached 648 million, and the proportion of netizens was 78.2%.

　　The number of online government service users reached 394 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total netizens.

As we all know, werewolf killing is a camp confrontation game, and 90% of the werewolf killing games will show the confrontation between the good camp and the werewolf camp. So besides the good camp and the werewolf camp, is there any other camp for werewolf killing? We can definitely tell you that the division of the werewolf killing camp is actually not that simple. Let’s take the popular pocket werewolf killing in the market as an example to sort out the chaotic division of the werewolf killing camp!

(werewolf killing)

1. What are the roles of werewolf killing?

This article involves this werewolf killing, which has a total of 17 commonly used characters. Let’s take you to a brief understanding of these 17 characters first.

1. Villagers

(werewolf kills villagers)

The extremely common character is also a character with a large number of players in the werewolf killing game. Twelve players will occupy one-third of the players in the game. He has no skills, but he can only survive by watching the water, find wolves and exile werewolves by voting and speaking.

2. Prophet

(werewolf kills prophet)

Have the ability to identify the role, but lack the ability to self-identify, through the 12-player game, there is only one player. Because of its skills, the prophet becomes a beacon for good people, and it is the support point of the logical reasoning of the whole werewolf killing.

3. Witch

(werewolf kills witch)

As a member of the werewolf killing, the antidote and poison endow her with endless abilities, and she has the ability to heal the wounded and rescue the dying and help the righteous. She belongs to a clerical role, and she often plays the winner in the werewolf killing game, which is the most hated and primary killing target of werewolves.

4. Hunters

(werewolf kills hunter)

The werewolf kills one of the clerical roles. He is overbearing and relatively blind, and belongs to the role of closing his eyes. Usually, he should be cautious in using his skills. When the hunter dies (excluding the witch poisoning and the White Wolf King taking him away), you can use your skills to drive away any player on the field.

5. Idiot

(werewolf kills idiot)

The werewolf kills one of the clergy roles, and has the passive skill of "innocent if he doesn’t know". Because he is a close-eyed player, he is just like a civilian. He only needs to be a senior civilian in the whole process, and it is also the most difficult clerical role for werewolves to find. Idiots can remain on the court after being pushed out by resistance during the day, but they will lose their voting rights.

6. Guard

(werewolf kills guard)

The werewolf kills one of the clergy roles, the patron saint of good people, and has a strong defensive ability, but his skills conflict with the witch’s antidote. Therefore, under the current trend, he chooses the empty guard on the first night to avoid the failure of defending and saving with the witch’s antidote. He can guard a player every night, but he can’t guard the same player for two consecutive nights. The guarded player will not be killed by the werewolf.

7. Cupid

(werewolf kills Cupid)

Cupid, also known as Cupid, is a special role in the werewolf killing. When the couples he connects are in the same camp, he belongs to the good camp. When the couple is a good man and a werewolf, he will form a third party camp with the couple. At the beginning, any two players (including themselves) are designated as lovers. When one of the lovers dies, the other will be double suicide automatically.

8. Old drunkard

(werewolf kills old drunkard)

The werewolf killed one of the clerical roles. He won’t be tempted by wolves. Poisoned by a witch or shot by a hunter will take effect one day later, which is regarded as eating skills at the same time the next day and dying before voting after speaking.

9. Money Mouse

The werewolf killed one of the clerical roles. Have 7 copper coins, villagers die, copper coins -1; Clerical death, copper coin -2; Copper coin =0, the money mouse dies. The last one opened his eyes at night and learned the remaining copper coins.

10. Werewolves

(werewolf kills werewolf)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. The main ways of playing are usually fierce jump, barb, yin-yang barb, deep water and so on. Werewolves can choose to attack a player every night.

11, thick-skinned Wolf

(werewolf kills thick-skinned wolf)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. When you are killed by a hunter at night, you have to kill it once more (except when you are poisoned, voted out, and shot and killed by a hunter during the day).

12. Wolf Beauty

(werewolf kills wolf beauty)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. In addition to the werewolf ability, one player can be charmed every night. When the wolf beauty dies, the charmed player will be martyred that night. The wolf beauty can’t blow herself up or kill herself, and can’t charm the same player for two consecutive nights.

13. White Wolf King

(werewolf kills white wolf king)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing werewolf camp. In addition to the werewolf ability, you can take a player with you at any time during the day (not used in voting and last words).

14. Bear

(werewolf kills bear)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. At dawn, if there is a werewolf among the adjacent players of the bear, God declares that "the bear growls"; If there is no werewolf, God declares that "the bear has not growled". If the bear dies or is frozen, it can’t roar (if the adjacent player of the bear dies, it will be postponed to the surviving players on both sides).

15. Big cock

(The werewolf kills the rooster)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. If the rooster is killed by a werewolf at night, it will skip a day and go straight into the night.

16. Little Sheep

(The werewolf kills the lamb)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. No special skills, mainly rely on reasoning analysis to find werewolves.

17. Penguin

(werewolf kills penguin)

One of the characters of the werewolf killing animal camp. One player can be frozen every night, and the frozen player can’t start skills that night. You cannot freeze the same player twice in a game.

Second, the division of the lineup and the roles involved

The werewolf killing game is mostly divided into a good man camp and a werewolf camp, but if Cupid appears, it will be decided whether there will be a third party camp according to the situation. If there is an animal bureau, there will be an animal camp, which is similar to the traditional good man camp.

(werewolf killing camp division)

1. Good people camp

Including villagers, witches, prophets, idiots, guards, old drunkards, hunters, money rats and cupid (lovers are inhuman wolves), the winning condition is to get rid of all werewolves.

2. Werewolf camp

It includes four characters: werewolf, wolf beauty, white wolf king and thick-skinned wolf. The winning condition is to kill all civilians or priests. Of course, some of them demand a massacre.

3. Crazy Zoo

Including lambs, bears, penguins and roosters, the winning condition is to get rid of all werewolves.

4. Special third-party camp

When the lovers linked by Cupid are in love with wolves, they will form a third-party camp of three people together with the lovers, and the winning condition is to kill all the characters in the non-third-party camp.

The above is the camp division rules about the werewolf killing game. Please lock this site for more werewolf killing raiders. This site will continue to output high-quality articles about the werewolf killing to help novice werewolf killing players better understand this game.

　 　 Remember the classic scene of the gun battle in the shopping mall? There is also the scene of the police patrolling the street in the park, and the six-and-a-half-minute long shot at the opening … … These are some fragments that are often deconstructed by film critics in Du Qifeng’s films, but in fact, fans prefer to hear Du Dao’s own explanation.

　 　 Recently, Du Qifeng came to Guangzhou to attend the opening ceremony of the 13-year retrospective exhibition of Chinese film media awards, and completed a forum lecture with the theme of "Du Sir’s Modern Space" together with film critic Wei Junzi and Secretary-General Yu Xiaoyi of Chinese film media awards. Du Qifeng’s also became the opening film of this retrospective. On that day’s lecture, Du Qifeng described in detail the conception of those classic pictures in his movies. But he also admitted that in fact, the stories behind these films are not as complicated as those deconstructed by film critics. For example, many people think that the actor’s position in the scene of the gun battle in the shopping mall in Gunfire is particularly particular, but in fact it was shot because of lack of money. Du Dao said with a smile: "Sometimes, we really think too much."

Why did the actors have to stand for so long in the scene of gun battle in the shopping mall in Gunfire?

　 　 The theme of this lecture is "SIR Du’s Modern Space". As the host, Yu Xiaoyi has prepared several fragments of related themes in Du Qifeng movies to discuss. One of them is the scene of a gun battle in a shopping mall in Gunfire: when bodyguards retreat from the second floor to the first floor of the shopping mall and hide behind different pillars, a static space lasts for a long time, and the actor’s standing position in this scene is also regarded as a very classic picture of Du Qifeng movies.

　 　 Regarding the arrangement of the actors’ positions in this scene, fans have painstakingly made all kinds of guesses, including the change of power between the offensive and defensive sides and the comparison of vertical and horizontal space, but Du Dao told the truth, "In fact, I didn’t imagine any space at all."

　 　 Du Dao recalled that Hong Kong film was at its lowest ebb, and he had a hard time finding a boss in Taiwan Province, who was willing to give him 2.5 million Hong Kong dollars to make this film. In this context, the director’s first thing in his creation is how to save money. "If the longer you stand, the longer the film will be? With so much time, it’s still that space. So what will happen when this movie comes out? " In other words, Du Qifeng actually shot this classic picture just to save money.

At the end of "PTU", there is a gun battle scene. Is the beauty billboard in the background an advertisement implantation?

　 　 Another work that can better reflect the sense of space in Du Qifeng’s movies is PTU, in which Yu Xiaoyi gives an example of a police patrol, which is also a particularly impressive picture of Du Qifeng movies. In addition, at the end of the film, there was a gun battle under a huge billboard, which also impressed Yu Xiaoyi. The advertisement was Athena Chu lying on his side in a swimsuit and smiling at the camera. Yu Xiaoyi always suspected that this was an advertisement implanted in the film.

　 　 However, Du Dao smiled and admitted that there was no sponsorship. "I just thought that the background behind was too messy and ugly, so I asked if there were any big posters used, and I used them to cover the scenery behind. As a result, my colleagues found this and spread it out, only to find that it was a girl. No way, I have to shoot it like this. "