标签： 夜上海论坛

　　CCTV News:2018 is the first year to implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up, and a crucial year to build a well-off society in an all-round way. At the critical moment of implementing the 13 th Five-Year Plan, how will the economic work be laid out next year? What tough battles must be won? What arrangements does the central government have for the people’s livelihood hotspots that are closely related to us?

　　12月8日，中共中央政治局召开会议，具体分析研究2018年经济工作，中共中央总书记最高领袖主持会议。明确指出做好明年经济工作要全面贯彻党的十九大精神，以最高领袖新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，紧扣我国社会主要矛盾变化，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，大力推进改革开放，加强和改善民生，促进经济社会持续健康发展。

　　就在两天前，12月6日，中共中央召开党外人士座谈会，征求对经济工作的意见和建议。最高领袖总书记在认真听取大家发言后，给各民主党派、工商联和无党派人士提出三点希望。

　　短短三天内，中共中央两次聚焦经济工作，从听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联和无党派人士对今年经济形势和明年经济工作建言献策，到中央政治局召开会议分析研究部署2018年经济工作，两次会议都集中反复强调，我国经济发展的基本特征已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，高质量发展是我们当前和今后一个时期确定发展思路、制定经济政策、实施宏观调控的根本要求，必须深刻认识、全面领会、真正落实。除此之外，还透露出哪些2018年经济工作重磅信号？

　　一个原则：“稳中求进工作总基调”不动摇

　　"The general tone of striving for progress in stability is an important principle of governing the country and should be adhered to for a long time." During the three-day two sessions, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once again stressed that this principle should always be adhered to in economic work.

　　In fact, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to "striving for progress through stability", and all previous central economic work conferences since the 18th National Congress have emphasized "the general tone of striving for progress through stability". Under the guidance of the general tone of striving for progress through stability, China’s economy has always grasped the general direction of stability, further promoted the "three to one, one reduction and one supplement", made positive progress in supply-side structural reform, and achieved stable economic growth, stable employment and stable social development. Efforts to ensure the improvement of people’s livelihood have greatly enhanced the people’s sense of gain. While winning the hearts of the people, it has also been well received by the international community. Therefore, in the view of the supreme leader, "striving for progress while maintaining stability" is a method and principle at the strategic level.

　　At present, China’s economic development is generally stable. In the first three quarters of this year, GDP increased by 6.9% year-on-year, 0.4 percentage points higher than the expected target for the whole year, ranking among the best in the world. The achievements made are encouraging, and the influence of the world is constantly expanding. But it should also be noted that China’s development still faces many challenges. Domestically, the structural problems of China’s economy are still outstanding, the downward pressure on the economy is greater, and there are many factors affecting economic development and social stability. From an international perspective, the global economic recovery is weak, anti-globalization and trade protectionism are on the rise, regional and global conflicts are becoming increasingly fierce, and unstable and uncertain factors are obviously increasing.

　　In the face of profound and complicated changes at home and abroad, we need to look at the overall situation calmly, understand the general trend, and adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability. Today, although China has become the second largest economy in the world, it still belongs to a developing country. As the largest developing country and a responsible big country in the world, the Belt and Road Initiative put forward by China has played an active role in promoting the healthy development of economic globalization and has been widely responded by the international community. China is becoming a contributor and leader of economic globalization, providing more public goods for the international community to benefit the whole world.

　　Three major battles: advancing in an orderly manner to ensure that the three major battles must be won.

　　The Supreme Leader clearly pointed out at the Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party Conference: "We should make overall plans, advance in an orderly manner, and ensure to win the three tough battles. To prevent and resolve major risks, we should effectively control the macro leverage ratio, enhance the ability of financial services to the real economy, and achieve positive results in risk prevention; Accurate poverty alleviation should aim at the precise assistance of special poor people, further focus on deep poverty areas, combine poverty alleviation with supporting ambition and wisdom, stimulate the endogenous motivation of poor people to get rid of poverty, consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and improve the quality of poverty alleviation; Pollution prevention and control should continue to significantly reduce the total discharge of major pollutants and improve the overall quality of the ecological environment. "

　　To prevent and resolve financial risks, we need to grasp key links, prevent and resolve risks in key areas, and strengthen the control of risk sources. The quarterly report on China’s financial operation released by the National Finance and Development Laboratory recently shows that the total leverage ratio of China’s real economy has stabilized in the first three quarters and shifted from enterprises to the government and residents, and the risk has decreased. Zhang Xiaojing, deputy director of the National Finance and Development Laboratory, said that, on the whole, we think that we are now in a situation where the risks have eased, but the overall risks still exist. With the recent resolute deleveraging, especially financial deleveraging, and changes in leverage structure, we believe that risks are gradually easing, because our leverage structure is gradually becoming balanced.

　　Adhere to the pattern of accurate poverty alleviation, and combine poverty alleviation with supporting ambition and wisdom. What is left behind by the poverty alleviation work is the most difficult "hard bone", especially in some remote and deep poverty areas, poverty has the characteristics of integrity, regionality and stubbornness. As long as the causes of poverty are found and the right solutions are found, real poverty alleviation and long-term development can be achieved. The Ministry of Land and Resources recently proposed six major measures to support poverty-stricken areas to get rid of poverty. Sun Xuedong, deputy director of the Office of the Chief Inspector of the Ministry of Land and Resources, said that for ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, people’s livelihood projects and infrastructure projects, the planning scale should be guaranteed, and if the scale is not enough, the national and provincial people’s governments will make overall plans. Up to now, 28 poverty-stricken counties in China have taken off their hats.

　　Promoting the improvement of the ecological environment can only be effective if we work hard. On December 6th, at the awarding ceremony of the Earth Guardian Award, the most influential environmental award of the United Nations, six organizations and individuals won awards this year, and half of them came from China, namely, the builder of Saihanba Forest Farm, the chairman of mobike Company and Yili Resources Group. Half of the "Guardian of the Earth Award" went to China, which is the first time in the 13 years since the award was established. Eric solheim, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme, said: Three prizes were awarded to China this year, which is a recognition that China has become greener. This is due to the great progress made in China’s environmental policy, and the construction of ecological civilization has been brought into the overall layout of "five in one" and placed at an unprecedented strategic height. Always adhere to the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", China’s ecological environment will be further improved.

　　A hot spot for people’s livelihood: speeding up the reform of housing system and the construction of long-term mechanism

　　At the meeting, it was mentioned that "improving the security and people’s livelihood, accelerating the reform of the housing system and the construction of a long-term mechanism." Once released, it has aroused widespread concern among netizens.

　　In fact, in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly emphasized: "Adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, and accelerate the establishment of a housing system with multi-agent supply, multi-channel guarantee and rent and purchase, so that all people can live and live."

　　After the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, relevant central ministries and commissions have made many arrangements for real estate regulation and control. A few days ago, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the People’s Bank of China held a forum to set the tone for the future regulation of the property market: there should be no idea of "taking a breath and resting" in the regulation of the property market.

　　According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, since the implementation of the real estate control policy of "adapting measures to local conditions" in the fourth quarter of last year, the year-on-year and month-on-month increases of house prices in 15 hot cities among 70 large and medium-sized cities have declined. At the end of October, the area of commercial housing for sale in China decreased by more than 10%. At present, real estate investment has maintained a steady growth trend, and the real estate sales situation has steadily declined. (Text/Tian Hong)

　　"I am now a second-level teacher, and I can participate in the selection of the first level after five years of the second level." Wang Zan (pseudonym) is a Chinese teacher in a primary school in Beijing. She has not been working for a long time and is planning her career.

　　The post grade of teachers mentioned by Wang Zan is what the society usually calls job title evaluation and employment.

　　For a long time, the evaluation and appointment of professional titles has attracted the attention of primary and secondary school teachers. The level of professional titles is not only related to teachers’ personal income, but also the recognition of teachers’ own professional ability. However, because the previous policy stipulated the proportion of post structure of different teacher ranks, the competition of professional title evaluation of primary and secondary school teachers was very fierce.

　　Recently, with the issuance of "Guiding Opinions on Further Improving the Management of Post Setting in Primary and Secondary Schools" by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Education (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), many people expect that the "New Deal" will improve the situation that has plagued primary and secondary school teachers for many years.

　　More primary and secondary school teachers will have the opportunity to evaluate senior titles.

　　Sunya works in a teacher training school in a city in northern China. She is a teaching and research fellow of Chinese in primary schools. The introduction of the "New Deal for Professional Titles" made this old teaching and research researcher with 30 years of service extremely excited.

　　"The biggest impact of this" Opinion "on primary and secondary school teachers is that more teachers will have the opportunity to evaluate senior titles." Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the China Academy of Educational Sciences, said.

　　The reporter from Zhongqingbao. com combed the previous policies: in 2015, the state reformed the title system of primary and secondary school teachers, changing the original independent title system of middle school and primary school teachers. After unification, the titles of primary and secondary school teachers include three-level teachers, two-level teachers, first-level teachers, senior teachers and full-level teachers, among which senior teachers and senior teachers correspond to senior titles, first-level teachers correspond to intermediate titles, and second-level teachers and third-level teachers correspond to junior teachers.

　　Chu Zhaohui believes that the Opinions clearly put forward that the post grade setting of primary and secondary school teachers is divided into high, middle and primary, and the post structure ratio of high, middle and primary schools is no longer uniformly stipulated at the national level, but on the basis of clear and reasonable allocation requirements, the provincial human resources and social security departments are authorized to scientifically set up the post structure of primary and secondary schools in conjunction with the education administrative departments, and appropriately optimize and adjust the post structure ratio of primary and secondary schools.

　　According to the "Opinions", after the implementation of this year’s "New Deal for Professional Titles", all provinces can calculate, allocate and manage teachers’ post ranks in counties. That is to say, the proportion of junior, intermediate and senior teachers and how to allocate them will be determined by each province according to the actual situation of the province. At the same time, the "New Deal for Professional Titles" gives a reference ratio for the number of senior professional titles: during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, the number of full and senior teachers will be controlled within five thousandths of the total number of primary and secondary school teachers in China.

　　More young teachers are expected to break through the career "ceiling"

　　"For primary and secondary school teachers, the limitation of the proportion of professional titles is like the ceiling of a career. The development of many young people is stuck there and can’t move for many years." Sun Ya said.

　　The teachers interviewed by the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network all mentioned what Teacher Sun called the "ceiling".

　　"Many young teachers in the school are second-level teachers. The first level has long been occupied by the old teachers, and the old teachers have done a good job, but it is difficult to go up, so many young teachers can’t identify the first level." The headmaster of a middle school in Beijing, who did not want to be named, said that young teachers who are newly recruited now have high academic qualifications. After joining the job, they will soon get junior titles, and it will be difficult to evaluate the upward titles. Many school leaders are worried about how to motivate young people’s enthusiasm.

　　Restrictions are not only reflected in schools.

　　Because of her excellent work, Sunya was rated as a municipal backbone teacher in her city as early as around 2000. A few years later, many backbone teachers similar to herself have been rated as "academic leaders", but Sunya has been in the "backbone" team for more than ten years, "because we require here ‘ Academic leader ’ A ‘ Hard leverage ’ It must be a senior professional title. " However, there are only two places with senior titles in the school, and Sunya did not win it.

　　Because there are too few places, there are also many "strange phenomena" in the process of evaluating and appointing primary and secondary school teachers. In many first-and second-tier cities, it happens from time to time that teachers find ways to evaluate their professional titles.

　　"Many teachers don’t really admire those ‘ Leader ’ Or ‘ Premium ’ 。” A teacher from a middle school in Beijing told the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network that some people are relatives of a leader and are "taken care of" when evaluating their professional titles; Others are good at making connections from top to bottom, and even some "academic leaders" are known for their wide connections.

　　Another phenomenon has appeared in schools in some counties and towns.

　　"We are a county-level school, and there are 143 teachers in the school, including 64 with intermediate titles. Because one of the conditions for entering the city exam is that you need to have five years of teaching experience, there are more vacancies in rural schools with intermediate titles, and some towns and villages still have inexhaustible phenomena, so many teachers are admitted to the county schools only after evaluating the intermediate titles." Han Zhouxing, Siyuan Experimental Middle School in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, said that there are already six teachers with senior titles in the school. In this way, teachers with intermediate titles can’t get on, and the number of places with intermediate titles is not vacant. There are more than 70 teachers with junior titles in the school who want to compete for intermediate titles. "So the competition between senior and intermediate titles is very fierce."

　　Chu Zhaohui introduced that in order to solve these problems, some schools have adopted the method of "local food stamps". The so-called "local food stamp" means that teachers in this school will be treated with a higher professional title, but after leaving this school, this treatment will be gone, and it will still be treated according to the professional title level recognized by the local education authorities.

　　The middle school principal, who did not want to be named, expected: "This ‘ New Deal ’ It can really be put in place, break this restriction, and let more young people grow rapidly. "

　　"Being able to go up and down, being able to enter and exit" continues to motivate and put an end to "lying flat"

　　In recent years, many places and schools have been as fair and transparent as possible in the evaluation and appointment of teachers’ professional titles. "There are still quite a lot of stages displayed by teachers." Han Zhouxing said, for example, governments at all levels evaluate the best first, activities and events organized by teaching and research offices and audio-visual classrooms, and the declaration of topics, and so on.

　　A history teacher in a middle school in Beijing introduced that his school adopts the "points system", and teachers will get different points for winning prizes in various "awards" and "appraising excellent students", as well as points for class teachers and publishing papers. Finally, all participating teachers should be democratically evaluated.

　　However, process justice alone is not enough.

　　Some teachers are "flat" after their professional titles are promoted. "It is said that the physics teacher in my baby’s class is particularly good. Last year, she was also rated as the academic leader in the city. However, less than a month after the start of school, the teacher has been asked by his classmates several times in class. Many children suspect that the teacher did not prepare lessons at all. As a last resort, the students in the class can only go to the next class to answer questions from the teacher." A parent in Beijing told the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network.

　　"Professional title evaluation is an important factor affecting teachers’ enthusiasm for work, and it will also put greater pressure on teachers." Chu Zhaohui said, "What are the criteria for the selection of teachers’ professional titles? Can the standards of different schools and different regions be consistent? Are the rights of teachers in different schools equal and fair after obtaining the same rank? These are deeper problems. "

　　The "New Deal for Professional Titles" responded to these problems. For example, the Opinions mentioned that it is necessary to "follow the law of the growth and development of primary and secondary school teachers, innovate post management policies and measures, broaden career development channels, stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of primary and secondary school teachers, and further strengthen the construction of primary and secondary school teachers". It also puts forward that we should adhere to classified policies and hierarchical management, set posts according to events, streamline efficiency, be scientific and standardized, and combine evaluation and engagement, pay equal attention to incentives and constraints, give full play to the main role of schools in employing people, improve the assessment system, strengthen post-employment management, reward the excellent and punish the poor, establish the orientation of attaching importance to teachers’ morality, ability, performance and contribution, and build a flexible employment mechanism in which personnel can go up and down, enter and leave.

　　It is precisely because the post structure of teachers’ ranks involves not only the immediate interests of teachers, but also how to balance between urban and rural areas and between developed and backward areas. Chu Zhaohui said that it is urgent to establish a more scientific, fair and objective professional evaluation mechanism for primary and secondary school titles, so that teachers’ professional title evaluation and right use can be regulated. (Zhongqing Daily, Zhongqing.com reporter Fan Weichen)

　　Cctv newsThe Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue an orange rainstorm warning at 10: 00 on July 28th.

　　It is estimated that there will be heavy rains in parts of Fujian, eastern Jiangxi, eastern and southern Zhejiang, central and southern Anhui, southern Hebei, most of Shandong, central and northern Henan, eastern Gansu, central Shaanxi, northern Hubei, western and southern Yunnan, among which there will be heavy rains in parts of southern Anhui, northwestern Jiangxi, central and southern Zhejiang and most of Fujian, and in southeastern Fujian. Some of the above areas are accompanied by short-term heavy rainfall (the maximum hourly rainfall is 30 ~ 60 mm, and the local area can exceed 80 mm), and there are strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　Defense guide:

　　1, the government and relevant departments in accordance with their duties to do a good job in emergency work against heavy rain;

　　2. Cut off the dangerous outdoor power supply and suspend outdoor work;

　　3. Units in danger zones shall suspend classes or business, and take special measures to protect the safety of students, children and other working personnel who have arrived at school;

　　4, do a good job in urban and farmland drainage, pay attention to prevent possible disasters such as flash floods, landslides and mudslides.

Cctv newsAccording to the WeChat WeChat official account news of the State Post Bureau, at the special press conference held on February 22nd, Hou Yanbo, spokesperson and office director of the State Post Bureau, said that in 2023, the State Post Bureau will better meet the people’s growing needs for a better life, highlight the problem orientation, conform to the expectations of the people, promote seven practical things, such as deepening the construction of rural delivery logistics system, consolidating and improving the postal service level in rural areas, and strive to improve the quality of postal express delivery services and continuously enhance the people’s mailing.

In 2023, the postal express delivery industry will be closer to people’s livelihood. The seven facts are as follows:

First, deepen the construction of rural delivery logistics system. It is necessary to speed up the delivery system of rural express delivery in counties; Consolidate the results of the three-year action of "express delivery into the village"; Further strengthen the construction of county-level delivery public distribution centers and village-level delivery logistics integrated service stations; Encourage the development of common distribution mode and deepen the integrated development of rural "passenger and freight"; Carry out collaborative demonstration and creation of rural e-commerce express delivery.

The second is to consolidate and improve the postal service level in rural areas. It is necessary to continuously consolidate and improve the delivery service level of the established villages in the western region, and further promote the postal service of the natural villages in the border areas.

The third is to continue to do a good job in the postal express delivery industry. Strengthen the drive of innovation, speed up the resumption of work and production, expand the popularization and application of automation and intelligent equipment and facilities, promote the operation of the industry to return to a high level as soon as possible, and effectively meet the delivery needs of the people.

The fourth is to strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the courier group. Continue to promote the accounting guidelines for end-of-service payment of express delivery enterprises, and carry out the pilot work quota of express delivery personnel. Supervise and urge enterprises to improve the mechanism and establish a special line for courier complaints and defense acceptance and psychological counseling. Strengthen the training of employees and organize vocational skills competitions. We will continue to carry out activities such as "Warm Bee Action" and "Youth Service Month for Express Delivery" to care for couriers, and further promote the solution to the practical difficulties of couriers in housing, children’s education and medical examination. Strengthen the guidance of advanced typical tree selection, and continue to organize activities to find the "most beautiful courier".

The fifth is to carry out in-depth special rectification of the "three systems" of delivery safety. Strengthen the early warning and prevention of security risks in delivery channels, improve the effectiveness of security prevention and control of the three systems of real-name acceptance, acceptance and inspection, and airport security inspection, deepen the comprehensive management of delivery security, prevent all kinds of prohibited items from flowing into delivery channels, and continue to create a safe and secure postal environment.

The sixth is to implement the "9218" project of green development. Accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of express packaging. By the end of the year, the proportion of e-commerce express packages will reach 90%, and the two treatments of over-packaging and plastic pollution will be further promoted. The number of mail express packages packaged by recyclable express delivery will reach 1 billion, and 800 million corrugated boxes with good quality will be recycled.

Seventh, focus on improving the quality of employees. We will continue to carry out actions to improve the professional skills of employees in the postal express delivery industry, complete 250,000 person-times of vocational skills training, and hold the fourth national postal industry vocational skills competition.

It is understood that since 2017, the State Post Bureau has promoted the postal express delivery industry to be closer to people’s livelihood for seven consecutive years, focusing on the people’s "urgent difficulties and worries" in the field of postal express delivery. With the strong support of all sectors of society, new breakthroughs, new progress and new achievements have been made every year, which has better met the people’s needs for a better life. Everyone also has a deep understanding of "express delivery warms people’s hearts and ensures life". Judging from the completion of seven practical projects in 2022, a total of 990 county-level delivery public distribution centers and 278,000 village-level express service stations have been built, 95% of the established villages in the country have achieved express service coverage, and 117 gold medal projects for modern agriculture with express service with a business volume of over 10 million pieces have been cultivated. The project of "Express delivery into villages" has achieved remarkable results. We will continue to speed up the motorization of rural postal routes, basically realize at least one delivery car in each township, and continue to consolidate the postal achievements of established villages, and 94.8% of natural villages that have reached the border have achieved postal services. At the provincial level, the implementation policy for the protection of the rights and interests of couriers has achieved full coverage, and the requirements for increasing terminal fees and reducing service fines have been effectively implemented, and the policy of giving priority to the participation of grassroots outlets in work-related injury insurance has been promoted, with 575,000 employees newly insured. We will continue to strengthen the guidance of product and service innovation, focus on the rectification of illegal charges for rural express delivery services, and continue to optimize the handling of user complaints in the postal industry. The overall complaint rate of users in the whole year will be controlled at 3 million.Accelerate the improvement of the information protection system in the field of postal express delivery, and jointly carry out special actions for personal information security management in the field of postal express delivery. The average daily usage of privacy in the whole industry reached 200 million. With the implementation of the "9917" project of green development, the proportion of express delivery packaging materials provided by the delivery enterprises themselves meeting the standard requirements and the proportion of express delivery packaging according to the operation requirements of packaging specifications exceeded 90%, and nearly 15 million recyclable express delivery boxes (boxes) were put into operation, and 700 million corrugated boxes were recycled. Continue to carry out actions to improve the professional skills of employees, and train more than 570,000 employees in the whole year, and 5,244 new people have obtained professional and technical titles in express delivery engineering.

The special conference also introduced the guarantee of delivery service during Spring Festival travel rush this year. During the period of Spring Festival travel rush this year, the State Post Bureau specially deployed the delivery service guarantee during the holiday season. The main delivery enterprises tried to overcome practical difficulties such as labor shortage. The "courier brother" stuck to the service post and ensured the uninterrupted basic postal express service.The whole network collected 10.367 billion pieces of express mail, with an average daily business volume of 259 million pieces, an increase of 6.14% compared with the same period in 2022 and 159% compared with the same period in 2019.

The State Post Bureau will strive to grasp the favorable conditions for the accelerated recovery of social production and living order and the accelerated release of economic vitality this year, stimulate the vitality of the market players in the postal express delivery industry, promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of quantity in the industry, and give full play to the basic, strategic and leading role of the industry in consolidating the ruling foundation, protecting communication freedom and service production and consumption, and smoothing the economic cycle, thus helping the overall improvement of the national economic operation. The State Post Bureau will also focus on improving the infrastructure in rural areas and better helping agricultural products to go up, and further improve the postal express service capacity in rural areas; By strengthening service quality monitoring, deepening the governance of violations and strengthening the implementation of the main responsibility of enterprise service quality, the quality of postal express service in rural areas will be effectively improved.

Stalin, the leader of the former Soviet Union, whether a hero or a dictator, when a person is the supreme leader of a country, there are countless people in the audience who are afraid of his position, and how many pairs of eyes are watching him in the dark.

Since it is a reform, it will affect the interests of some people. In order to better secure their position and let their own work last longer, It is naturally necessary to find body double.

First, the shadow is for the real body, and the real body always walks alone.

Stalin, as the supreme leader in the former Soviet Union, attracted much attention in the social period at that time. Every move of a leader will become the focus of international attention and the object of international research.Therefore, we should pay great attention to our own safety, and at the same time, in order to be more efficient, it is necessary to cultivate body double as our own shadow.

1. Being in multiple places saves time.

You should know that as a national leader, time is not under his control at all, but is completely dominated by complicated things. Many things in the country need to be decided by himself. Moreover, the former Soviet Union is a country with a large population and is in a period of change in history. Stalin needs other departments to relieve his busyness, but he often needs to be present himself. In this case, politicians always feel overwhelmed.

To save time, Your own body double can be distributed to every place that needs you., to complete the corresponding things for yourself, the more things you need, the more body double you need.

However, as a shadow of body double, it is not an easy task to confuse the real with the fake. As we all know, there are no two identical leaves in the world, even twins actually have a big gap, not to mention Stalin’s body double, which must be completely similar in both manner and action. At the same time, we have to face the disaster of being killed at any time.

2. Different occasions, different body double

Body double can be flexibly adjusted according to different occasions. Sometimes Stalin needs to go to two places at the same time, but because the distance between them is too far, body double’s role will be revealed at this time. Everyone who becomes body double’s true identity and past will be erased.This is to prevent some lawless elements from being able to judge whether it is Stalin through character information.

At the same time, it also prevents criminals from controlling body double’s family to threaten body double. Although body double is involved, their lives and families will be protected by the state in all aspects. Naturally, there is no need to worry about this aspect of life.

In order to confuse body double and Stalin in appearance, These body double often have cosmetic surgery,At the same time, we will study Stalin’s life several years in advance, so as to prevent leaks. It can be said that body double is Stalin and Stalin is body double.

Sometimes, for Stalin’s safety, body double also needs to devote his life. Rubensky worked as a body double for Stalin for 15 years.Later, in order not to expose body double’s identity, he lived in a concentration camp until Stalin died.

On different occasions, it may not be the real Stalin, but all decisions are made by him, and body double is just a message. Therefore, some people speculate that the real Stalin has long since died, and the later "Stalin" is simply a body double, which shows that body double has reached the point where it is difficult to distinguish between true and false.

Second, body double is hard to tell right from wrong, and he is hiding in the dark.

Stalin’s greatest role in finding body double is to ensure his own safety. After all, his every move will be concerned by countless people. In order to ensure his own safety, he put forward higher requirements for body double. Whether it is the tone of speech or the ecology, it must be exactly the same.

1. Concentrate on building body double

Becoming a national leader, body double, is a rather complicated process. First, all kinds of hairstyles and moustaches are photographed to find similarities, no matter their figure or expression.

Body double had to undergo many changes to become Stalin, who was already in his sixties at that time, but body double da Daieff, who was away from home, was a young man. But he is going to have a face in his sixties.

On the left is Da Daieff.

Body double da Daieff spent several months and has been Watch the images of Stalin’s lifeTry to figure out the expression, movements and language, and train under the supervision of the instructor and staff until the real ones are confused with the real ones.

The portraits widely circulated in the history books, although labeled as Stalin, are not Stalin himself, and they are probably all body double. When they are imitated to the extreme, they will open the peak of life.

When you become a national leader, you will attend many things that only national leaders can do. In front of foreign delegations and leaders of other countries, no one can believe that it is actually Stalin’s body double who walks in front of them. From then on, everything in body double will follow Stalin, no matter whether it is life or work, it is almost the same. Except for the chief executive who manages body double, no one knows how many body double there are.

In this way, countless historians are puzzled when studying Stalin’s history, and many realistic materials are very different from the real Stalin. Historians speculate that Stalin had about 12 to 20 body double.

2. fifteen years of living only for others

As Stalin’s body double, Rubensky, known as Stalin’s first body double, was very good at imitating everything of Stalin. According to some researchers’ speculation, he served as Stalin’s body double for 15 years. During this period, He attended numerous international conferences, spoke instead of Stalin, and had close contact with leaders of other countries., but it was not seen through.

Rubensky

Rubensky used to be an ordinary person, but because his appearance and height were very similar to Stalin’s, a group of people went to his home and took him away by force. The family thought Rubensky had committed a felony, but what they didn’t expect was that he was dragged into an operating room.

After plastic surgery, when he looked in the mirror again, he found that he had become "Stalin". Of course, body double, the leader of the country, was given all the royal treatment, in order to make body double have no worries.

Stalin and his daughter

Rubensky has been imitating Stalin ever since he was chosen as body double. When a waitress came up to them, they were both frightened by two identical Stalin.

Even Stalin’s own daughter is hard to tell the truth from the false.I can’t find the difference between them. My daughter once described her father in her diary, but what she didn’t know was that it was actually her father’s body double, so body double was completely confused with the real thing.

Third, body double is a mystery, and the number is unknown

Many historians who study Stalin believe that besides Rubensky and da Daieff, Stalin also has body double. Some people think that only Stalin’s personal guard captain, who was in charge of the training of leader body double, knows nothing about others.

However, as a military officer, body double, a state secret, is naturally 100% confidential, so how much body double Stalin had is still a mystery, and what is circulating outside is just public speculation.

Stalin and his family

1. No one knows, and identity becomes a mystery.

Stalin’s daughter, in the face of her father body double, sometimes can’t tell the difference between true and false. The purpose of Stalin’s body double is to steal the day, especially when Stalin needs to attend and he doesn’t need to speak, body double usually comes forward.

All this is to distract the public’s attention from the leader. Even the trips are made by several identical cars, in order to confuse people and keep the outside world from finding out Stalin’s movements. Only people sitting in the car know that there are so many active Stalin, and the outside world is unaware of it. This is also to protect the national leaders, and any movements will not be revealed to the outside world.

The people of the Soviet Union had no idea that Stalin had body double. Only in 1947.Stalin attended a meeting of Soviet workers and published a photo of Stalin in the newspaper. Instead of sitting in the middle of the rostrum, Stalin sat alone in the corner. It is this style difference that rumors about Stalin having body double spread among the people.

2. Confuse the audience, it is difficult to tell the true from the false

Stalin, the national leader of the former Soviet Union, caused many people’s dissatisfaction and even sent some people to hell, but for his own safety, body double became the most direct and effective person to protect himself.

These people don’t need too high defense ability, they just need to attend some dangerous things instead of themselves. At that time, with strict confidentiality, no one would have thought of body double’s existence.

As time went on, the truth began to surface gradually. Among them, Rubensky and Da Daieff are the most famous in body double.These two were also Stalin’s imperial body double, and many things were handled by them.

In 1949, Rubensky was sentenced to destroy the image of a leader and sent to prison. Obviously, it was just an excuse to send Rubensky to another place to live. It was not until the 1990s that Da Daieff told his legendary body double experience.

Although these body double can play the role of national leaders and attend various international occasions, these body double are always in danger, and they have to be on tenterhooks all day, worrying about whether they will be assassinated.

After their "retirement", all these body double have remained anonymous for the reasons of protecting state secrets, and they live a very low-key life. Their daily lives are also arranged by the government, and they rarely have contact with the outside world. Will be isolated for the rest of my life.

Generally speaking, how many body double of Stalin are there, and there is no practical statement. Although his body double didn’t tell the truth until many years later, body double’s purpose was to deceive. It is naturally not an easy thing to distinguish them.

If ordinary people can distinguish it, what is the use of body double? Therefore, in order to ensure Stalin’s safety, body double’s work is considered a state secret, and People who work in body double have sacrificed their lives.

Source: Liu Baixi

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