Creating a Barrier-free and Livable Living Environment —— Interpretation of General Code for Barrier-free Construction and Municipal Engineering

Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "General Code for Accessibility of Buildings and Municipal Works" (hereinafter referred to as the "Code"), which was officially implemented. With the main purpose of ensuring the safety, convenience and systematization of barrier-free facilities construction, the Code has made systematic provisions on barrier-free access, service, information exchange facilities construction, acceptance and maintenance of barrier-free facilities construction.

What is the current situation of barrier-free environment construction in China? What improvements have been made to the Code compared with before? What improvement will it bring to the travel and life of the disabled? A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development interpreted these issues.

The construction of barrier-free environment has achieved positive results.

After graduating from Germany in 2004, Tang Zhanxin, the head of Beijing Hope Home for the Spinal Cord Injured and the director of Beijing New Life Service Center for the Aged and the Disabled, was paralyzed by a spinal cord injury caused by a car accident the day before returning to China, so he has to rely on a wheelchair to live.

"After four years of self-isolation, I gradually realized self-care through hard work and began to try to go out and return to society." Tang Zhanxin said that due to the lack of barrier-free facilities in the living environment, there are always high steps and dense stone piers in the way.

The barrier-free environment in Beijing has undergone tremendous changes since the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The steps have become ramps, and the subway has also appeared lifting platforms. Especially after the promulgation of the National Barrier-free Environment Regulations in 2012, the barrier-free facilities construction of public service institutions in China has also made great strides forward.

Xing Haifeng, a first-class inspector of the Urban Construction Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that barrier-free environment is an important guarantee for all members of society, such as the disabled and the elderly, to travel and integrate into social life. In recent years, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, together with the China Disabled Persons’ Federation and other departments, has actively promoted the construction of barrier-free environment and achieved positive results.

"During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the China Disabled Persons’ Federation carried out barrier-free transformation for 650,000 poor families with severe disabilities, helping the disabled to get rid of poverty and improve their quality of life." Zhang Dongwang, deputy director of the Rights Protection Department of the China Disabled Persons’ Federation, said that the China Disabled Persons’ Federation also actively promoted the barrier-free construction and renovation of comprehensive service facilities for the disabled in the Disabled Persons’ Federation system, and provided convenience for the disabled to obtain rehabilitation, employment guidance and other services.

Technical indicators are set against the international advanced level.

Grace Wai Wong, deputy director of the Department of Standards and Quotas of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that the Code has made many innovations and upgrades, paying more attention to people-oriented and paying attention to the personal feelings and needs of people with disabilities.

Jiao Jian, deputy chief architect of Beijing Architectural Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., the editor-in-chief of the Code, pointed out that the service target of the Code is mainly the needs of the elderly and the disabled, taking into account all kinds of people. The construction of livable and humanistic cities with outstanding target level is in line with the international developed countries in terms of content structure and facilities composition, and the technical indicators are basically consistent with the international advanced level.

"Specifically, the Code classifies barrier-free facilities for the first time, and the classification method is basically the same as that of developed countries. It is divided into barrier-free access facilities, service facilities (including sanitary facilities) and information exchange facilities, and the design is stipulated separately." Jiao Jian said that the specific measures have also improved the comfort and safety of facilities in accordance with international advanced standards.

For example, in terms of wheelchair ramps, the slope requirement is raised from 1: 8 to 1: 12 to avoid potential safety hazards when users are physically exhausted; Increase the clear width of traffic from 1.00 meters to 1.20 meters to ensure that all kinds of wheelchairs can pass normally; In terms of space size, the barrier-free toilet seat will be increased from 1.80 m× 1.00 m to 1.80 m× 1.50 m, providing space for the wheelchair to adjust its angle and turn after entering.

"As the top-level full-text mandatory national engineering specification, the Code is an important part of the technical and regulatory system and has mandatory binding force. If it violates the mandatory engineering specifications, it will be dealt with seriously according to law. " Grace Wai Wong said that next, relevant departments will coordinate the standards for barrier-free facilities construction, accelerate the internationalization of standards, and give maximum consideration to users’ experiences and needs.

It’s about public welfare, more about fairness

In barrier-free related fields, at present, there are specifications at the same level as the Code, such as specifications for urban road traffic engineering projects, specifications for residential projects, specifications for city appearance and environmental sanitation engineering projects, etc., which together constitute facilities requirements related to hospitals, schools, shopping malls, hotels and other public buildings, various residential buildings and their related urban environment, transportation and public services.

In this regard, Zhang Dongwang said that these norms have jointly promoted the construction of barrier-free environment and improved the standardization, humanization and convenience of urban and rural barrier-free environment construction. Next, China Disabled Persons’ Federation will cooperate with relevant departments and industries to speed up the construction of barrier-free environment with complete facilities, perfect functions, smooth information and comfortable experience, so as to better facilitate the production, life, work and study of all members of society, including the disabled.

"With more and more opportunities to participate in the barrier-free environment supervision experience in recent years, I found that many times there is no standard, but the implementers choose not to implement it or the implementation is not up to standard." Tang Zhanxin said that taking the ramp as an example, even the height difference of 1 cm between the slope and the ground will cause the small wheel of the wheelchair to get stuck, and even if the armrest next to the toilet is a few centimeters far or a few centimeters high, it will make disabled friends unable to use it.

With the implementation of this mandatory code, Tang Zhanxin believes that the situation of "stairs are outside the barrier-free toilet" and "stairs are between the barrier-free parking space and the elevator room" will be solved, and the situation that the barrier-free facilities are occupied and the later maintenance is not in place will be less and less.

"Some people think that accessibility is a public welfare undertaking, but it is even more fair for us disabled people, which enables us to participate in social activities on an equal footing." Tang Zhanxin expressed the hope that through the joint efforts of all, friends with disabilities can go anywhere they want to go, and travel, listen and see together in this beautiful society. (Reporter Qian Qian)

The original plague war: the plague brought by European colonists made American Indians almost extinct

Before Columbus discovered America in 1492, the indigenous people in America had never been exposed to pathogens from Europe, Africa or Asia, so they did not experience smallpox, measles, influenza and other common diseases in human history. These pathogens are usually carried by animals in the old world, such as pigs, chickens and horses, and spread to the new world with the arrival of European colonists. At that time, the inhabitants of the New World had no immunity to these pathogens, and they lacked corresponding antibodies, which enabled these diseases to spread rapidly and on a large scale in America. Because the new world does not share the same animal population with the old world, the natural immune system of indigenous people is particularly fragile.

When the European invaders first came into contact with America, Captain York and others carried smallpox and other diseases, which directly led to the death of a large number of indigenous people. At the same time, Spanish conquistadors landed in the coastal areas of Mexico in the 16th century, and brought smallpox, measles, typhoid fever, yellow fever and other diseases into the New World. With the spread of these diseases, the population of the whole New World suffered a great disaster in decades. According to some historians’ estimates, the indigenous population in the New World used to be between 10 million and 100 million, but with the spread of diseases, the population dropped sharply.

Aztec society had never been exposed to these deadly pathogens before the arrival of Spanish conquistadors, which made them have no resistance to these diseases. Smallpox, in particular, causes systemic infection in human body, and its mortality rate has reached 30% in Europe, while in Aztec society, this figure has soared to 90%. When Spanish conquistadors arrived in Mexico, smallpox caused a sharp decrease in the local indigenous population. Then, measles, flu and other diseases broke out one after another, which continued to ravage the indigenous people and caused great loss of life.

These diseases not only caused direct death, but also laid the groundwork for the collapse of Aztec society. A large number of deaths lead to the loss of valuable human resources and labor, which has a long-term adverse impact on the local economy. More seriously, with the rapid decline of population, the stability of Aztec society has encountered unprecedented challenges, and the social order and cultural outlook have gradually collapsed.

Spanish conquerors took advantage of this social unrest and the spread of diseases to strengthen their alliance with local tribes and divide hostile forces. For example, in the process of conquering Aztec, the Spanish established an alliance with Cole Theus, the enemy of Hisakarta dynasty, and consolidated their local dominance. At the same time, they also relied on advanced weapons and tactics, such as rifles, artillery and cavalry, to destroy the resistance of the Aztecs. In addition, Spanish conquerors spread Christianity in the local area through the work of missionaries, which changed the religious beliefs of indigenous people and further influenced their cultural and social structures.

Through carefully designed strategies and social means, the Spanish gradually destroyed the unity of Aztec society and established a colonial system based on European culture and Christian beliefs. This colonial culture not only replaced the traditional religious and social structure of Aztec, but also completely changed the values and lifestyle of local people. With the introduction of Christianity, the polytheism belief of Aztec was destroyed, and the original sacred sacrifices, religious ceremonies and works of art were mostly transformed into Christian places and symbols.

With the invasion and rule of Spain, the Aztec people not only lost their land and culture, but also faced unprecedented oppression, disease and famine, and the population decreased sharply. After the conquest, the Aztec population decreased from about 25 million in 1500 to about 2 million in 1600. This reduction has had a far-reaching impact on social, cultural and political fields.

Aztec society had a highly developed culture and technology before the arrival of Spanish conquerors. Aztecs are famous for their complex language, literature, art and architecture, and their social structure, religious beliefs and rich artistic expressions are remarkable. However, the Spanish invasion led to the destruction of these cultures. Most of the Aztec art, architecture and cultural heritage were destroyed or forgotten during the conquest. The introduction of Christianity not only changed the religious beliefs of local people, but also affected their social life, values and cultural identity. Aztec polytheism and rich cultural traditions gradually disappeared and were replaced by a single religion and cultural concept from Europe.

In the end, the demise of Aztec culture is not a simple cultural conflict, but a combination of multiple factors. The force of Spanish conquerors, religious oppression and the spread of infectious diseases are the key factors that caused the extinction of Aztec culture. In addition, the social inequality and internal contradictions of the Aztec Empire itself made it vulnerable to foreign aggression.

The demise of Aztec provided a profound lesson, that is, political and social stability is crucial. When an empire faces external shocks, its internal inequality and corruption often make it more prone to collapse. At the same time, the invasion of external culture and the spread of infectious diseases can cause a devastating blow to society, leading to the rupture of the cultural foundation of the country and the nation.

The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security issued a return traffic safety reminder: arrange the trip reasonably and drive legally.

CCTV News:More than half of the National Day holiday has passed, and many people who go out have begun to plan or are already on their way back. According to the return traffic safety tips issued by the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, at present, the traffic flow of the main roads in the country is at a high level, and the road traffic safety situation in the country is generally stable, with no long-term and large-scale traffic congestion.

Influenced by the long National Day holiday, the suitability for traveling in golden autumn and the free passage of passenger cars on expressways, during the National Day holiday, the demand for self-driving travel of private cars increased significantly, and the traffic pressure in key areas, scenic spots and key road sections increased. According to the analysis and statistics of the characteristics of accidents during the National Day holiday in recent three years by the Ministry of Public Security, from 17: 00 to 21: 00 at night during the holiday, there are many fatal accidents and the accident risk is high.

Li Zhe, Director of Accident Prevention and Handling Guidance Department of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security:Due to the impact of the holiday peak, most of the accidents caused by vehicles rubbing and not giving way according to regulations in the early stage of the holiday are more prominent, and there are also a high proportion of deaths caused by drunk driving, drunk driving, overcrowding and fatigue driving.

In addition, the National Day holiday coincides with the autumn harvest and autumn farming busy season, rural collective agricultural workers travel intensively, light trucks, tractors and three-wheeled vehicles illegally carry people, vans are illegally overcrowded, and the risk of group deaths and group injuries is prominent.

At present, the holiday has come to an end, and many people have begun to plan to return. The traffic control department reminds drivers to pay attention to law-abiding driving, pay close attention to traffic tips and weather conditions during travel, and arrange their trips reasonably.

Li Zhe, Director of Accident Prevention and Handling Guidance Department of Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security:Judging from the characteristics of travel in recent years, many drivers began to plan the time and route of return trip in advance, and the peak of return trip began to appear one after another from the 4th. Here, we also remind drivers who go out to plan their itinerary, time and route in advance, especially the rest service area, to avoid fatigue driving and speeding.

The concept of "Erlang Shen’s Deep Sea Dragon" reveals that Erlang Shen is in danger.


1905 movie network news The fantasy animated film directed by Wang Jun released the first concept preview and exposed a poster to warm up the film. The notice has a charm of oriental aesthetics. In the vast sea of clouds, the seemingly calm heaven has caused waves because of the "list of gods", and the Erlang God in front of the Nantianmen looks awe-inspiring, as if a peak battle is just around the corner.


Opening the curtain: the battle of sealing the gods is not yet to be continued, and Erlang is in danger.


The movie "Dragon of Erlang God in the Deep Sea" is set in the story after the war of sealing gods. Jiang Ziya sealed the gods with the "list of sealing gods", and then the list of sealing gods was sealed by heaven under the deep sea of Kyushu. In fact, in addition to enfeoffment, many powerful demon gods were sealed in the list of gods, and the remnants of the cult were ambitious enough to instigate the dragon to enter the sea in an attempt to steal the list of gods. At the time of crisis, Jiang Ziya strongly recommended Yang Jian, the Erlang God, to go, only to find that a shocking plot began.


The first concept preview contains a great deal of information, and the fairy heaven and the Nantianmen with auspicious clouds all show the unique charm of oriental fairy tales. The seemingly peaceful and calm Tiangong Langyuan is actually hidden and dangerous. The damaged "list of gods" exudes strong resentment, and the protagonist Erlang God suddenly opened his eyes and flashed a silver streamer between his brow. Combined with the setting of the list of gods, a war between gods and demons is inevitable.


Exquisite production: four years of painstaking preparation for the continuation of oriental aesthetic charm


With the exposure of the preview, there is also a concept poster. The eight characters "Hold on to this idea, be fearless of hardships and dangers" are placed at the top of the poster, blending with the green water, highlighting the peaceful and quiet atmosphere. In the center of the picture, it seems that the unconscious Erlang God’s eyes are closed, surrounded by a silver dragon, and the dragon’s tail is hidden in the water. The poster picture is exquisite and beautiful, but it vaguely exudes a sense of tension and oppression. The situation of Erlang God is inevitably worrying.


The film production team has rich creative experience, and director Wang Jun has participated in the production of many excellent animation works with both word-of-mouth and box office. For the first time, Wang Jun devoted himself to the preparation of his works. During the four years, he focused on every creation detail, hoping to continue the "China style" of excellent domestic animation.


In the production of "The Deep Sea Dragon of Erlang God", he made a brand-new interpretation of the script and story creation, the presentation of a brand-new world outlook and the relationship between characters in the original structure, and comprehensively upgraded the level of animation film production, which made the character structure delicate and smooth and the scene production magnificent. Strive to create high-quality works with oriental aesthetic charm and help the rise of the country.


The movie "The Deep Sea Dragon of Erlang God" is expected to be released nationwide in 2021.


Weilai new ET7 configuration exposure! More than 180 upgrades will be available in 6 days.

Zhidian Travel learned that the 2024 model has arrived at the store, and the new car involves more than 180 upgrades in six categories, including the "EXECUTIVE EDITION" logo administrative tail, Yue Hui Silver (color of 2024), 21-inch multi-spoke brilliant wheel rim, with brand-new Michelin Pilot Sport series tires, Brembo six-piston caliper set (painted in orange), intelligent dimming panoramic canopy and Pamir Brown interior, which is luxurious and comfortable.

The salesperson said that the booking fee for the 2024 ET7 is 5,000 yuan, and users who book first (before listing on April 25th) will get 30,000 Weilai points after locking the order.

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 1

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 2

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 3

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 4

The new ET7 is equipped with the "4+1" seat layout of the same flight business class as ET9. The front seats are upgraded to 18-way electric adjustment, the rear end of the cushion can be lifted, and the reclining mode can be opened with one button. The partition heating and ventilation are standard, and the cushion and backrest can be adjusted separately and the hot stone massage can be supported. The headrest can be electrically adjusted in two directions,The left and right seats in the rear row are upgraded to independent 14-way electric adjustment, which supports the linkage of cushion and backrest, and the maximum inclination angle of backrest is 37.

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 5

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 6

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 7

Weilai new ET7 configuration exposed more than 180 upgrades and went on the market 6 days later-Figure 8

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 9

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 10

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 11

Weilai's new ET7 configuration is exposed to more than 180 upgrades, and it will be listed after 6 days-Figure 12

In the car, 16.3-inch enhanced head-up display system (HUD), enhanced version 7.1.4 immersive audio system and light waterfall ambient light were upgraded. The newly upgraded speaker power amplifier reached 2230W, and the ambient light supported the two-color presentation of the door panel, and the rear ambient light was extended to achieve a better sense of surround and immersion. The car is equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295P high-performance chip.

A 240mm-wide floating administrative island is added in the back row, equipped with two 40w air-cooled wireless charging boards and cup holders, and two 14.5-inch 3K OLED panoramic administrative screens can be selected, and the screen angle can be adjusted adaptively, so the viewing angle is better than that of the ceiling type.

Weilai's new ET7 configuration was exposed to more than 180 upgrades and went on the market 6 days later-Figure 13

According to the application information, the new ET7 will be equipped with the front and rear dual-motor systems provided by Weiran Power, with a comprehensive power of 480kW and a maximum speed of 200km/h, matching the battery pack of 75/100/150kWh, and the measured battery life is 1070 km.

[Star of Rural Revitalization] Laishui, Hebei Province: Creating a Differentiated Advantage A small mountain village turned into a homestay online celebrity Village.

  CCTV News:From a poor mountain village that nobody cares about, to today’s tourism network Hongcun, Nanyu Village, Laishui County, Hebei Province, has undergone earth-shaking changes by developing the tourism industry with boutique homestays as its pillar.

  These days, Nanxun Village is holding the inaugural meeting of the Tourism B&B Association, and the individual B&B operators in the village have come to the scene to listen carefully.

  Nanyu Village is about 100 kilometers away from Beijing. The village is sparsely populated and has inconvenient transportation. It used to be a typical poverty-stricken village around Beijing. The villagers’ income mainly depends on going out to work and raising sheep.

  In 2015, Nanyu Village won a "beautiful countryside" Foundation project and funds. In 2016, farmers’ professional cooperatives were established in the village, and the village quickly started village planning, tourism development and prepared to develop homestays. Because there are many homestays around Beijing, in order to form a differentiated competitive advantage, Nanxun Village decided to turn homestays into high-end boutique projects, but renting villagers’ houses encountered considerable resistance.

  None of the villagers wanted to start. Duan Chunting realized that he had to make a show first, so he mobilized his relatives and turned the idle house into the first project in the village — — Mahua no.1 yard The outer wall of the courtyard is made of stone, bamboo and old trees complement each other, the house is covered with gray tiles, the floor-to-ceiling windows are transparent, and the indoor decoration is simple and luxurious, so that people can experience both the original flavor of the country and the modern comfort.

  Seeing the income, the villagers took out their idle houses one after another. Nanxun Village turned 16 old houses of the villagers into 15 sets of boutique homestays and a set of multi-functional conference rooms, and developed a homestay tour of "Mahua Hillside".

  Comfortable accommodation experience, Nanyu villagers’ hostel sold for 3000 yuan online — 5,000 yuan, and it is hard to find a room on holidays. Today, the annual operating income of the village B&B reaches 3.65 million yuan, and the villagers get more than 700 yuan in dividends every year.

  At present, the number of homestays in the village has grown to more than 60 sets and nearly 500 rooms, and the number of tourists staying in the village has reached 30,000, which has led to more than 100 jobs. The annual income of villagers has reached 15,000 yuan from 2,000 yuan in 2014, and the collective income of villages has reached more than 10 million yuan.

China’s policy document on the EU (full text)

  Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 18th

China’s policy document on EU.

(December 2018)

  foreword

  Today, the world is in a period of great development, great change and great adjustment. World multipolarization, economic globalization, social informationization and cultural diversity are developing in depth, and countries are increasingly interconnected and interdependent. At the same time, unstable and uncertain factors have increased in the international situation, and unilateralism, protectionism and anti-globalization have risen.

  Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic and social development, but China’s international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed. Under the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, persist in comprehensively deepening reforms, promote the formation of a new pattern of all-round opening up, promote the construction of new international relations, promote the building of a community of human destiny, and create new opportunities and make new contributions to world peace and development.

  The process of European integration is the product of European countries and people’s pursuit of peace, unity and self-improvement. As a country with the highest degree of integration and comprehensive strength in the world today, the EU is an important strategic force in the international situation. Although the development of the EU has been affected by events such as Brexit in recent years, the EU has not changed its integration direction, continued to work hard to promote reform and meet challenges, and played an important role in regional and international affairs.

  China and the European Union are both important participants and shapers in the process of world multipolarization and economic globalization. They share broad common interests in safeguarding world peace and stability, promoting global prosperity and sustainable development, and promoting the progress of human civilization. They are also indispensable partners in their respective reforms and development. The EU has maintained the status of China’s largest trading partner for 14 consecutive years, and China is the EU’s second largest trading partner. Developing good relations with the EU has always been one of the priorities of China’s diplomacy.

  In 2003 and 2014, the China government published two policy documents on the EU, which provided important guidance for promoting the development of China-EU relations. The year 2018 marks the 15th anniversary of the establishment of China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership and the 20th anniversary of the establishment of China-EU leaders’ meeting mechanism. The third policy document on the EU formulated by China government aims to keep pace with the times and carry forward the past, further clarify the direction, principles and concrete measures for deepening China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era, and promote greater development of China-EU relations.

  first part

  Guiding principles for developing China-EU relations

  Since the establishment of a comprehensive strategic partnership between China and the European Union in 2003, the breadth and depth of bilateral relations have been continuously expanded, forming a good pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging exchanges and cooperation. In 2014, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader paid a historic visit to the EU headquarters, and reached an important consensus with EU leaders on building the four partnerships of peace, growth, reform and civilization between China and Europe, which pointed out the development direction for further deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership of mutual benefit and win-win, and defined the overall policy objectives of the China administration towards the EU for a long time. China advocates looking at and developing China-EU relations from a strategic and long-term perspective. The following principles should be adhered to in developing China-EU relations:

  — — Adhere to mutual respect, treat each other as equals, adhere to the one-China principle, and consolidate the most important political foundation of China-EU relations.

  — — Adhere to openness, tolerance, win-win cooperation, and strengthen the exchange of development concepts and the docking of development plans.

  — — Adhere to fairness and justice, help each other in the same boat and jointly promote the improvement of the global governance system.

  — — Adhere to the dialogue among civilizations, be harmonious but different, and promote exchanges and mutual learning between China and Europe.

  China is happy to see a united, stable, open and prosperous Europe, has always supported the process of European integration, and is committed to developing relations with EU institutions, member States and other European countries in a comprehensive, balanced and mutually reinforcing way. The cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European countries is an open and transparent cross-regional cooperation based on the common interests and actual needs of China and regional countries. Support and constructive participation from the EU and other parties are welcome. China hopes that Britain will leave the EU in an orderly manner and is willing to promote the parallel development of China-EU and China-UK relations.

  China will continue to strengthen high-level exchanges with the EU and EU countries, give full play to the strategic leading role of the China-EU leaders’ meeting mechanism in the development of China-EU relations, further implement the China-EU Cooperation 2020 Strategic Plan jointly formulated by the two sides in 2013, explore follow-up plans, and strengthen exchanges and dialogues among governments at all levels. Strengthen equal exchanges and mutual learning between legislatures, political parties, local governments and social organizations, deepen and expand pragmatic cooperation in various fields, carry out third-party market cooperation, and learn from each other’s strengths, benign interaction and common development in exchanges and cooperation.

  The "One Belt, One Road" initiative is an important public product provided by China to the international community. It insists on joint construction and sharing, advocates openness, tolerance and transparency, follows international rules and market principles, and pursues high quality and high standards on the basis of local conditions. China welcomes the EU and European countries to actively participate in cooperation and jointly build the Belt and Road into a peaceful, prosperous, open, innovative, civilized, green and clean road.

  恪守尊重中国主权和领土完整的承诺,以实际行动恪守一个中国原则,尊重中国核心利益和重大关切,关系到中欧关系的长期稳定发展。欧方应明确反对任何形式的“台湾独立”,支持中国和平统一大业,慎重处理涉台问题。欧台交往应严格限制在非官方和民间范畴,不进行任何形式的官方接触和往来,不签署任何具有主权意涵或官方性质的协议,不设立任何具有官方性质的机构,不支持台加入仅限主权国家参加的国际组织,不售台武器和可用于军事目的的设备、物资及技术,不进行任何形式的军事交流与合作。

  中国中央政府支持和鼓励香港特别行政区和澳门特别行政区政府按照“一国两制”方针和两个基本法规定,与欧盟及成员国开展经贸、文化、旅游等领域互利友好合作。香港和澳门是中国的特别行政区,港澳事务属于中国内政,欧方不应干预。

  中方赞赏欧盟及成员国承认西藏是中国领土不可分割的一部分、不支持“西藏独立”的立场。欧方不应允许达赖集团头目以任何身份和名义到欧盟及成员国从事分裂中国的活动,不安排官方人士同其进行任何形式的接触,不为“藏独”反华分裂活动提供任何支持和便利。欧方也不应为“东突”势力以及任何反华分裂、暴力恐怖、极端宗教活动提供任何支持和便利。

  China and Europe are different in history, culture, social system and development stage, but there is no fundamental strategic conflict between the two sides, and the common ground is far greater than the differences. We should persist in dialogue and non-confrontation, constantly enhance mutual understanding, understanding and trust through equal dialogue, maximize consensus, take care of each other’s legitimate concerns, and handle differences and control frictions in a constructive manner.

  China is willing to continue to strengthen dialogue and cooperation with the EU at bilateral, regional and global levels, jointly advocate and practice multilateralism, safeguard the international order and system with the United Nations at the core, and work together to meet global challenges. Take a clear-cut stand against unilateralism and protectionism, promote the development of economic globalization in a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction, support the international community to jointly formulate and improve fair, just and equitable international rules and standards, and ensure that all parties participate in decision-making on an equal footing, enjoy their due rights, and assume responsibilities and obligations commensurate with the level of development.

  the second part

  Cooperation in the fields of political security and defense.

  Make good use of the important platform of China-EU high-level strategic dialogue, deepen strategic communication and coordination, and continuously accumulate and expand strategic consensus and mutual trust.

  Continue to carry out China-EU foreign policy consultations and regional affairs dialogues, and promote political solutions to international and regional hotspot issues.

  Strengthen exchanges, coordination and cooperation within the framework of the United Nations, support the United Nations to play an active role, and explore joint initiatives and actions on issues of common concern and consensus between China, the European Union and member States. Jointly support the reform of the United Nations, enhance its role and improve its efficiency. Strengthen exchanges and pragmatic cooperation in the field of UN peacekeeping.

  Strengthen anti-terrorism exchanges and cooperation on the basis of mutual respect and equal treatment, never engage in "double standards" on anti-terrorism issues, and promote international anti-terrorism cooperation to make new progress.

  To strengthen police cooperation, China is willing to expand exchanges and cooperation with Europol and conduct joint patrols with EU member States as appropriate. Strengthen exchanges and cooperation in public legal services, extradition, criminal judicial assistance and other fields, and work together to combat transnational crimes more pragmatically and efficiently.

  Strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of non-proliferation and export control. Work together to promote international cooperation in nuclear safety. Prevent weaponization and an arms race in outer space and safeguard peace and security in outer space. Maintain the authority and universality of multilateral disarmament mechanisms. We will jointly safeguard the authoritative position of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as the cornerstone of the international nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament system and support the efforts to ban nuclear tests. Support the Geneva Conference on Disarmament to reach a comprehensive and balanced work plan at an early date and start substantive work.

  We will continue to make good use of the mechanism of the China-Europe Network Working Group, jointly advocate the concept of a community of cyberspace destiny, promote the formulation of a code of conduct for responsible countries in cyberspace under the framework of the United Nations, promote the reform of the global Internet governance system, and establish a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative and orderly cyberspace.

  Maintain high-level exchanges between defense departments, strengthen communication and promote cooperation through the security policy dialogue mechanism of defense departments, actively expand personnel training, discussion and exchange, joint training, and cooperation in non-traditional security fields such as humanitarian relief, peacekeeping and escort.

  The EU and its member states should lift the ban on arms sales to China at an early date.

  Deepen dialogue and cooperation under the framework of ASEM, promote positive changes in ASEM, focus on pragmatic results and play a unique role in the global governance system based on the basic principles of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, and consensus.

  the third part

  Cooperation in trade and investment, interconnection, finance and other fields.

  Give full play to the guiding role of China-EU high-level economic and trade dialogue, deepen China-EU dialogue on macroeconomic policies and economic and trade policies, enhance the understanding and correct understanding of each other’s policies and regulations, promote docking and accommodation, tap the potential of cooperation, constructively handle differences and frictions, avoid politicizing economic and trade issues, and promote the long-term, stable, mutually beneficial and win-win development of China-EU economic and trade relations.

  In a positive and pragmatic spirit, we should work together to achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win China-EU Comprehensive Agreement on Investment, start the joint feasibility study of China-EU Free Trade Area as soon as possible, and establish a good institutional framework for improving the level of China-EU economic and trade cooperation.

  Promote the coordinated development of trade in goods and services. China will expand the import of high-quality goods from Europe through existing channels and new platforms such as China International Import Expo. The EU should relax the export control of high-tech products to China. The EU should strictly fulfill its WTO obligations, ensure that the relevant trade remedy legislation and practice are consistent with WTO rules, and rationally use trade remedy measures to avoid discrimination against some WTO members in law or in fact.

  Maintain two-way openness and promote two-way investment. China will greatly relax market access, fully implement the pre-entry national treatment plus negative list management system, create a stable, fair, transparent, legal and predictable business environment, protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investment, and treat Chinese and foreign enterprises registered in China equally. It is hoped that the EU will keep the investment market open, reduce and eliminate investment barriers and discriminatory barriers, provide a fair, transparent and predictable policy environment for China enterprises to invest in Europe, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of China enterprises.

  Strengthen exchanges and cooperation between China and Europe in the field of competition and jointly safeguard the market order of fair competition. China is concerned about EU laws and regulations on trade and investment, and hopes that EU legislation will conform to WTO rules, earnestly safeguard an open and fair market environment, and reduce and eliminate the doubts and worries of China enterprises. China government supports Chinese-funded enterprises in Europe to set up "European Union China Chamber of Commerce".

  Promote the construction of China-EU interconnection platform, strengthen the connection between the "One Belt, One Road" initiative and the European Union’s Eurasian interconnection strategy, European investment plan, "Pan-European transportation network" and other development plans, actively play the roles of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, European Investment Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and China-EU Joint Investment Fund, implement project cooperation, and encourage EU member States to actively participate. Support the healthy development of China-Europe trains, promote the simplification of international railway combined transport procedures, reduce transit costs, and strengthen the safety guarantee of goods.

  Make good use of China-EU transport cooperation mechanisms at all levels, and strengthen policy dialogue and technical standards docking and exchange. Support Chinese and European ports and shipping enterprises to actively participate in each other’s project construction, and promote all-round mutually beneficial cooperation between the two sides in the maritime and maritime fields. We will implement the consensus on cooperation between China and Europe in the aviation field and deepen exchanges and cooperation.

  Give full play to the positive role of customs cooperation in promoting the smooth flow of trade, strengthen the guidance and coordination of cooperation through the China-EU Joint Customs Cooperation Committee, fully implement the China-EU Customs Agreement and other documents, promote cooperation in areas such as border enforcement of intellectual property rights, mutual recognition of "An Zhi trade" and "certified operators", trade statistics, combating fraud, solid waste supervision, entry-exit animal and plant quarantine, import and export commodity safety, food safety supervision, and actively study and develop cross-border e-commerce supervision and other new areas.

  We will further strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of intellectual property rights between China and Europe, support intellectual property agencies of both sides to establish and improve a normalized communication mechanism, strengthen dialogue on the creation, application, protection, management and service of intellectual property rights, and jointly create a better intellectual property environment. Support the early conclusion of the China-EU agreement on geographical indications. China protects the intellectual property rights of foreign-funded enterprises in China, and hopes that the EU and its member States will strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in China.

  Deepen exchanges and cooperation in standards, metrology, certification, quality management supervision and safety inspection of special equipment, give full play to the role of China-EU standard information platform, discuss standardization issues of common concern, and provide timely and effective authoritative standard information for Chinese and European enterprises.

  Make good use of China-EU financial dialogue, China-EU central bank working group dialogue and other mechanisms to maintain close communication on major international economic and financial issues. Support the expansion of two-way financial openness and promote cross-border connectivity of financial infrastructure. Promote inter-bank cooperation between financial institutions and enterprises, including cooperation with multilateral financial institutions. Maintain the stable development of the financial industry, deepen the exchange and dialogue on financial supervision between China and Europe, strengthen mutual recognition and trust in supervision, and actively solve the cross-border business demands of both banks.

  We welcome financial institutions from EU countries to enter China’s financial market, and hope that the EU will support China’s financial institutions to apply for establishing institutions in Europe and relax the access channels for China’s policy-oriented financial institutions to conduct business in Europe. Support CEIBS to develop into a trading, risk management and asset allocation platform for offshore RMB-denominated financial products. Encourage EU countries to issue RMB bonds in China and offshore RMB bonds in major financial centers around the world. It is hoped that the EU will prudently introduce new regulations on the supervision of intermediate parent companies to safeguard the sound development of financial cooperation between the two sides.

  Cooperate within the framework of G20, jointly support the status and role of G20 as the main forum for international economic cooperation, carry forward the spirit of partnership, support multilateralism, strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination, promote structural reform, promote the reform of the international financial system, promote the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, and build an open world economy.

  Through the China-EU Joint Working Group on WTO Reform and other channels, strengthen communication on WTO reform, jointly safeguard the core values and basic principles of the WTO, safeguard the authority and effectiveness of the WTO, safeguard the development space of developing members, and promote the multilateral trading system to be more open, inclusive and transparent.

  part four

  Cooperation in scientific research and innovation, emerging industries and sustainable development.

  Under the framework of the China-EU Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement, we will give full play to the role of the China-EU Science and Technology Cooperation Steering Committee, the Innovation Cooperation Dialogue and the joint funding mechanism for scientific research and innovation, agree on a roadmap for China-EU cooperation in scientific research and innovation, fully cooperate in frontier disciplines, basic scientific research and major social challenges, implement flagship projects in the fields of agriculture and biotechnology, environment, sustainable urbanization, ground transportation, safe and green aviation and healthy biotechnology, and expand into information and communication, intelligent manufacturing, population health and biotechnology.

  Give full play to the role of China-EU space science and technology cooperation dialogue, promote cooperation in the fields of Earth observation, space technology, space science, space application, deep space exploration and manned space flight, explore the establishment of China-EU space policy cooperation dialogue mechanism, and carry out all-round docking.

  Give full play to the role of China-EU industrial dialogue and consultation mechanism platform, strengthen policy communication on automobiles, ships, raw materials, small and medium-sized enterprises and industrial energy efficiency, promote the strategic docking of industrial development, support all sectors in Industry-University-Research to expand cooperation in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, new energy and intelligent networked automobiles, new materials and high-tech ships, promote the construction of a docking and exchange platform for small and medium-sized enterprises in China and Europe, and stimulate the cooperation potential of small and medium-sized enterprises.

  Support, exchange and cooperate with each other in the construction of "Digital China" and the construction of EU single digital market. Make good use of China-EU information technology, telecommunications and informatization dialogue, China-EU expert working group on digital economy and network security, deepen 5G cooperation, promote technical exchanges and standardization cooperation in the fields of digital economy, Internet of Things, Internet of Vehicles, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence and smart cities, carry out pilot demonstration projects, and promote pragmatic cooperation in industry. Jointly cope with the risks and challenges brought by new technologies.

  It is noted that the EU General Data Protection Regulations put forward higher requirements for enterprises with digital services in Europe in terms of privacy protection, data security, trade and investment, and it is hoped that the implementation of the regulations will not affect the normal business exchanges between China and Europe. China is willing to continue to communicate with the European side on data protection, learn from each other, promote cooperation, jointly improve the level of personal information protection and protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens.

  Give full play to the role of dialogue mechanism between agriculture and rural areas, deepen cooperation in agricultural science and technology research and development, training young agricultural talents, animal health, rural development and other fields, steadily promote the development of agricultural products trade between China and Europe, and strengthen mutual support and cooperation in international organizations such as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.

  Make good use of the China-EU water policy dialogue mechanism and China-EU water resources exchange platform, strengthen communication and deepen cooperation around rural water supply and food security, water and urbanization, river basin management planning and water and energy security, and strengthen exchanges and experience and technology sharing in the fields of water recycling and drinking water protection.

  Carry out high-level forestry policy dialogue and exchanges between China and Europe, continue to strengthen exchanges and cooperation among stakeholders such as wood production, processing and consumption, jointly explore ways and means of mutual recognition of wood legality between countries, and carry out cooperation and law enforcement exchanges on the implementation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

  We will build a "China-EU Blue Partnership", strengthen dialogue and cooperation in marine governance, blue economy, marine resources protection and sustainable utilization, marine scientific and technological innovation, polar affairs and fishery-related fields, implement pragmatic cooperation projects, and strengthen communication and coordination in the negotiation of international agreements related to the sea.

  Give full play to the role of China-EU energy dialogue mechanism, actively implement the road map of China-EU energy cooperation, conduct energy policy dialogue and exchanges, and conduct in-depth cooperation in energy systems, energy efficiency, clean energy and other fields, including building power markets, improving power infrastructure, establishing a safe and efficient natural gas market, and improving the consumption of renewable energy, so as to promote energy security for both sides.

  We will further promote all-round and high-level cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and continue to strengthen substantive cooperation in nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, nuclear security, nuclear safeguards, nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear technology research and development, and non-power applications of nuclear technology in medical health, environmental protection, food safety, industrial processing, and public safety.

  Give full play to the mechanism of the China-EU Dialogue of Ministers of Environmental Policy, explore the establishment of a green development partnership, strengthen policy exchanges and cooperation in the fields of pollution prevention, environmental governance, biodiversity protection and green growth, and encourage enterprises of both sides to carry out cooperative research and development and business cooperation in the field of ecological environmental protection. Maintain communication and coordination on major global environmental issues and implement international environmental conventions.

  Strengthen policy dialogue and pragmatic cooperation in climate change-related fields between China and Europe, strengthen cooperation in carbon emissions trading and exchanges and cooperation between the two sides in dealing with climate change and low-carbon development at the city level. Adhere to the principles and provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, work together to promote the follow-up negotiations and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement, actively build and improve the global climate governance system, and jointly promote green, low-carbon and sustainable development.

  Guided by the Memorandum of Understanding on Circular Economy Cooperation between China and Europe, we will strengthen cooperation in the field of circular economy and strengthen exchanges in the management system and policy tools of circular economy, investment and financing, and policy research.

  Implement the Joint Declaration on China-EU Urbanization Partnership and promote the in-depth development of the partnership. Strengthen regional policy dialogue and cooperation between China and Europe, deepen regional cooperation, and support policy exchanges and cooperation related to the development of urban agglomerations, metropolitan areas and small and medium-sized cities. Deepen pragmatic cooperation between local provinces and cities in China and Europe, between cities and parks, and between cities and enterprises. We welcome all walks of life in Europe to actively participate in the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration, Yangtze River Economic Belt, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, xiong’an new area and Hainan Pilot Free Trade Zones and Free Trade Ports.

  Jointly implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, respect their respective national conditions and development paths, promote economic, social and environmental development in a balanced way, give priority to people’s livelihood undertakings such as poverty reduction, education and health, adhere to the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities", improve global development partnership, and achieve common development and prosperity.

  The fifth part

  Cooperation in social and humanities fields

  Give full play to the coordinating role of the China-EU high-level people-to-people exchange and dialogue mechanism, and constantly explore new areas, new models and new methods of exchange and cooperation. Encourage the facilitation of personnel exchanges between China and Europe, and actively promote the realization of the second phase of the road map for dialogue between China and Europe in the field of personnel exchanges and immigration.

  China-EU dialogue on employment and social security policies. Under the framework of China-EU Memorandum of Understanding on Dialogue and Cooperation in Employment and Social Affairs, we will strengthen and improve the high-level dialogue platform in the field of human resources and social security between China and Europe. Continue to carry out technical cooperation projects in the field of social security in China and Europe, promote social security and social solidarity, promote higher quality and full employment, narrow income gap, promote social integration, ensure occupational safety and health, promote decent work, meet challenges including youth employment, aging, migration and population mobility, and promote exchanges and cooperation in social welfare, social assistance, social affairs, social work and community governance.

  Strengthen the dialogue and exchange of health policies between China and Europe, and carry out pragmatic cooperation in the fields of health promotion, antimicrobial resistance and medical informatization to jointly promote food safety. We will continue the China-EU dialogue on production safety and promote cooperation in emergency management, earthquake science and technology, disaster reduction and relief, and production safety.

  Continue to expand the scale of exchanges between students and scholars between China and Europe, strengthen the communication and exchange of education policies between China and Europe, and explore the docking of quality standards between higher education and vocational education. Give play to the role of China-EU education policy dialogue, China-EU higher education exchange and cooperation platform, China-EU university presidents forum and other platforms to promote exchanges and cooperation in educational think tanks. Encourage Chinese and European universities to carry out high-quality cooperative education.

  Jointly protect and promote cultural diversity, strengthen China-EU cultural policy dialogue, enhance the level of cultural industry cooperation, promote the establishment of long-term and stable cooperative relations between important cultural institutions of each other, and support the cultural exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and European cities with their own characteristics. Promote the establishment of cultural centers between China and EU member states. On the basis of the successful holding of "China-EU Tourism Year" in 2018, we will further develop the tourism markets of both sides and promote cooperation in the tourism industry.

  Strengthen sports exchanges and cooperation between China and EU countries, and encourage each other to participate in sports competitions and international conferences organized by the other side. Take the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics as an opportunity to expand cooperation in ice and snow sports between China and Europe.

  Encourage China-EU news media to carry out various forms of cooperation, welcome EU media to join the "Belt and Road" news cooperation alliance, expand China-EU cooperation in the field of news publishing, promote industry exchanges between radio and television institutions, and support film and television co-production, book translation and joint interviews. Advocate journalists to abide by professional ethics, and oppose and crack down on fake news and illegal online content. China will continue to provide convenience for journalists from EU countries in China according to laws and regulations, and hopes that the EU will play an active role in promoting the objective, fair and accurate coverage of China by the media of EU countries.

  Make good use of the China-EU legal affairs dialogue platform, carry out policy exchanges and mutual learning and cooperation in the legal field, better understand their respective legal systems and promote China-EU cooperation.

  Continue to carry out constructive exchanges on human rights issues on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and play a positive role in promoting the development of China-EU relations and promoting the common progress of China-EU human rights. The European side should treat the human rights situation in China objectively and fairly, and should not interfere in China’s internal affairs and judicial sovereignty in the name of human rights.

  Encourage China-EU think tanks to strengthen exchanges of ideas, play an active and constructive role in promoting mutual understanding and objective understanding between the two peoples, and make suggestions and suggestions for the development of China-EU relations. China welcomes non-governmental organizations from all countries, including EU countries, to carry out activities in China according to law, supports them to play a positive role in their friendly exchanges with China, and will continue to provide necessary facilities and services.

  We will build a wide-ranging and multi-level China-EU youth exchange network, and continue to hold China-EU youth policy dialogues, youth seminars, and special exchanges between China-EU youth organizations.

  It is hoped that the European side will effectively protect the safety and legitimate rights and interests of China citizens in Europe. Encourage overseas Chinese in Europe to integrate into the local society, actively play the role of a bridge, and contribute to enhancing mutual understanding and promoting China-EU cooperation.

  Support the Economic and Social Council of China to continue to run the China-EU Roundtable with the Economic and Social Commission of the European Union, support the cooperation between Chinese and European NGOs in accordance with laws and regulations, and play an active role in promoting civil dialogue and exchanges between China and Europe.

[The Covenant of Ice and Snow] Winter Olympics and Cold Knowledge —— Winter Olympics and Meteorology

  CCTV News:There is a saying called "Man proposes, God disposes", which is actually very appropriate to describe the Winter Olympics. But this day, refers to the weather. Compared with the Summer Olympic Games, the winter Olympic events are more influenced by meteorological conditions. Wind speed, wind power, temperature and visibility all directly affect the performance of athletes. In order to meet the relevant competition conditions, what strict requirements does the IOC have in the selection of the host city? Besides accurate meteorological services, what other secret weapons do meteorological departments have? Today, our winter Olympics "cold" knowledge commentator — — The ice pier and the melting snow will reveal the relationship between "Winter Olympics and meteorology".

  Almost all the 19 cities hosting the Winter Olympics, including Beijing and Zhangjiakou, are located in the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere.

  Does location determine temperament? We are talking about climate characteristics! The IOC has its own principles and strict requirements in the choice of the host city.

  There are two core meteorological indicators for the Winter Olympic Games. One is that the average temperature in February is below 0 degrees Celsius, and the other is that the snowfall in February is more than 30 centimeters.

  Cities whose probability of either index is less than 75% have no right to apply for hosting the Winter Olympics.

  Many European countries covered and radiated by the Alps have produced one third of the world’s winter Olympic gold medals in this century; The Scandinavian mountains in northern Europe contributed 17% of the gold medals in the Winter Olympics in the world.

  The two mountains have joined forces to make Europe the undisputed overlord of the Winter Olympics.

  But there is no accident, it is not the earth, and the warm winter with the temperature of "off the charts" has also "raided" the Winter Olympics.

  During the Winter Olympics in Sochi in 2014, the highest temperature once reached 20 degrees Celsius, setting a historical record. The local average temperature in February was only 8.3 degrees Celsius.

  The competition must continue, and there are emergency measures, such as weather modification and artificial snow addition.

  During the competition, the ski resort will predict the best time to make snow according to the climate forecast and weather forecast, and carry out snow making and cleaning work on the track.

  Skiing field is often located in the mountains, far away from the city and facing the cold, which is one of the most demanding events in sports.

  As far as the temperature is concerned, MINUS 12 degrees Celsius to 2 degrees Celsius is the most suitable. If the temperature is too high, the snow will become soft and the friction will increase; If the temperature is too low, the snow will harden; Competitors not only have an increased rate of action mistakes, but also are prone to injuries.

  In addition to temperature, wind speed and visibility also directly affect athletes’ technical performance. The wind power is not more than 2 to 3, which is the most suitable; Visibility greater than 2 km is the best.

  Different skiing events have different requirements for meteorological conditions.

  Specifically, in alpine skiing competition, headwinds and crosswinds will have an impact on athletes’ performance and safety.

  Ma Weina, technical officer of alpine skiing in Beijing Winter Olympics: When the wind is too strong, it may directly lead to the temporary cancellation of alpine skiing. Because the top speed of alpine skiing athletes can reach 150 kilometers per hour during the competition. When the wind resistance is too large, the body needs more strength to resist the wind resistance when doing technical movements, which will make athletes break the sliding balance and be prone to accidents. Secondly, it will also affect the stability of athletes’ technical movements. That is, when landing from the air, there will be a deviation of landing point, which may lead to instability, loss of balance and even falling down.

  Snow, rain and strong wind will directly affect the control of the race track when snowmobiles compete with steel snowmobiles and sledges.

  Once the temperature drops below MINUS 20 degrees Celsius, freestyle skiing and snowboarding competitions can be postponed.

  Ice events are arranged indoors, but there are strict requirements for the weather conditions such as ice temperature, indoor air temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure.

  Take curling, which requires the highest quality of ice, as an example, the ice temperature will directly affect the performance of athletes. The ice temperature should be controlled at minus 6 degrees Celsius to minus 3 degrees Celsius.

  The temperature probe is placed 0.3 cm below the ice, and the measured ice temperature is the closest to the actual ice temperature.

  Meteorological service is an important guarantee for the smooth progress of the Winter Olympics. In addition to accurate meteorological services, it is also very important to judge the weather before the game.

  Technically, the Beijing Winter Olympics will realize the "100-meter class and minute class" accurate forecasting ability.

  There are also 52 people in the winter Olympics meteorological service class to fully guarantee. It is believed that the meteorological service system will be able to deliver satisfactory answers and help the Beijing Winter Olympics to offer a wonderful and safe performance for ice and snow lovers all over the world.

"New Consumption Trend Report under Digital Economy" was released, and digital consumption and national consumption became highlights.

Beijing, China, December 26 (Reporter Wan Yuhang) On December 26, a large-scale media-melting activity of "Yang Guangwang Financial Annual Dialogue 2024" was held in Beijing. At the meeting, Yangguang. com and JD.COM Economic Development Research Institute jointly released the Report on New Consumption Trends in the Digital Economy (hereinafter referred to as the Report). Zhu Taihui, vice president of JD.COM Economic Development Research Institute, explained the development trend and suggestions of new consumption under the digital economy.
Zhu Taihui, Vice President of JD.COM Economic Development Research Institute.
This year’s "Government Work Report" puts forward "cultivating and expanding new consumption"; In July, Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party emphasized that "we should focus on boosting consumption to expand domestic demand", and the focus of economic policy should shift more to benefiting people’s livelihood and promoting consumption. The recent Central Economic Work Conference clearly put forward "vigorously boosting consumption" and "implementing special actions to boost consumption". The Report believes that with the increasing emphasis on releasing new consumption potential, it has become a consensus that consumption development needs the joint efforts of traditional consumption and new consumption.
According to the Report, new consumption presents five major trends: intelligent consumption, green consumption, healthy consumption, national fashion consumption and instant retail.
New consumption is embodied in digital consumption. Online consumption promotes the efficient connection between supply and demand, and the development of artificial intelligence technology promotes the expansion and quality improvement of consumption. According to the Report, online consumption shows three characteristics: the explosive growth of intelligent product consumption, the rapid rise of new technology and new product consumption, and the increasing demand for online service consumption.
New consumption has the characteristics of "green consumption". Green consumption conforms to the general trend of energy conservation and emission reduction and accelerates the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. From the demand side, low-carbon and environmentally-friendly consumption patterns are increasingly favored by consumers. For example, the turnover of energy-saving products such as flat-panel TVs, dishwashers, air-conditioning suits and ice-cold suits marked with first-class energy efficiency labels on e-commerce platforms has increased substantially.
New consumption has a healthy consumption trend. On the one hand, under the trend of "aging" of the population, the consumer demand for medical care, health and nursing has increased rapidly. On the other hand, in the digital age, medical and health services are constantly expanding. With the rapid development of smart medical care and Internet hospitals, a new consumption model and new ecology of "internet plus Medicine" has been formed with the participation of medical institutions, pharmaceutical production and operation enterprises, insurance companies and information technology service providers.
New consumption has the element of national tide. The consumption heat of domestic products is rising, and the design of national products is integrated with traditional culture, which has a strong spiritual connection with consumers and injected innovative kinetic energy into traditional commodity consumption. The popularity of "national tide" has promoted the combination of goods and culture, and made traditional consumption glow with new vitality.
New consumption promotes instant retailing. According to the Report, the size of China’s instant retail market reached 650 billion yuan in 2023, up 28.89% year-on-year. It is estimated that the size of the instant retail market will increase to 3.6 trillion yuan in 2030. The deep integration of online and offline consumption will open a broader market space for instant consumption.
In order to promote the healthy development of new consumption and help boost consumer confidence, Zhu Taihui suggested in sharing that the new consumption potential can be fully released by improving the following four aspects: First, increase the support of private economic innovation policies and promote the integration of innovative consumer services by large, medium and small enterprises; The second is to improve the supervision mode and means of digital technology innovation and create a fair and open consumption innovation environment; The third is to promote the efficient connection between consumption promotion policies such as trade-in and new quality productivity development, and form a linkage between supply and demand; Fourth, actively develop consumer credit and strengthen the coordination of financial support and financial subsidies in the trade-in of consumer goods.
For more exciting information, please download the "Yangguang. com" client in the application market. Welcome to provide news clues, 24-hour hotline 400-800-0088; Consumers can also complain online through the "Woodpecker Consumer Complaint Platform" of the Central Broadcasting Network. Copyright statement: The copyright of this article belongs to Yangguang. com and may not be reproduced without authorization. Reprint please contact: cnrbanquan@cnr.cn, we will be held accountable for the behavior that does not respect originality.
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The second-generation Haval H9 is officially launched, redefining the family car standard?

On September 25, the second generation was officially launched. The guide price of the second-generation Haval H9 was announced at the press conference, which was 6,000 yuan lower than the pre-sale price. Now you can enjoy six car purchase benefits. For car owners who order under the pre-sale period (deadline for pre-sale order: 21:30 on September 25, 2024), an additional "4 basic maintenance + electric suction back door" gift package will be given.

Led by love, old and new friends chat about car life

Before the press conference, Great Wall Motor Wei Jianjun first held a unique exchange meeting with friends of Haval H9, from the stories of users and H9 to visits to 4S stores, from the ten years of the Hong Kong Nine Brigade to reviewing the past with senior media and old employees, with love as the guide, chatting about car manufacturing, industry competition, public welfare love and corporate culture, and showcasing the infinite love and heavy responsibility of the Great Wall helmsman for the automotive industry.

There was also an interesting scene at the exchange meeting: Mr. Wei brought a group of new and old friends to visit the 4S store of friends. This move not only reflects the open and inclusive mentality, but also shows the big pattern of being an entrepreneur. In response to the internal volume phenomenon of the automobile industry in the past two years, Mr. Wei pointed out that excessive cost reduction cannot guarantee the quality of products, malicious competition and unethical competition have caused the automobile industry to have no profits, emphasizing that the purpose of enterprise development is to create value for the society, rather than how much market value there is. Car companies cannot exchange unlimited and unethical low prices for incremental and capital markets. This behavior damages the sustainable development of the entire industry.

The new track for family off-road, the second-generation Haval H9 all-excellent conquest

The second-generation Haval H9 has learned from China’s high-end professional off-road platform – the tank platform, and has continuously "rolled" courses to develop excellent off-road basic qualities. The off-road parameters are outstanding, and climbing hills and crossing obstacles, trekking mountains and waters are only basic operations; there are also flexible off-road adaptive training, 7 driving modes make it easy to adapt to various working conditions; as well as dangerous off-road famous stunts, TOD intelligent four-wheel drive + Mlock mechanical lock, front/rear axle electronically controlled mechanical differential lock, so that it is not afraid of harsh off-road environments and reduces the risk of outdoor anchorage.

Comfort comes from the feedback of mid-to-high-end models. The high-end models represented by Wei School Blue Mountain and Alpine are well-known in terms of comfort, and now they are fed back to the Haval brand, helping the second-generation Haval H9 to light up various comfort skills: the wheelbase is 2850mm, the seats designed with reference to the Chinese physical characteristics database are like tailor-made clothes, which are more suitable for people’s physical characteristics, three-level vibration isolation ability, and the second, third, and fourth body suspension are upgraded to shear type… These configurations and designs not only make the second-generation Haval H9 get the best grade point in the same class and the best grade point in the same class, but even better than the outstanding students of the family car major.

The intelligent configuration of the second-generation Haval H9 is mainly practical and easy to use. It only moves the real thing, does not play gimmicks, only seeks full matching, and does not play tricks. This car learns to master the mainstream intelligent skills and is equipped with an industry-leading voice interaction system, which allows users to concentrate on driving without distraction and quickly issue complex commands through voice. The intelligent parking of the second-generation Haval H9 allows drivers to park in narrow areas without worrying about scratches. It saves worry and effort. Novice Xiaobai can also become a warehouse master in seconds.

Not safe, not the Great Wall. For the second-generation Haval H9, Great Wall Motors has further enhanced its safety, armed with dozens of safety configurations, whether active or passive safety, the second-generation Haval H9 has learned to the extreme, with a hard-core body, a super-strong frame, and a roof with a pressure-bearing capacity of nearly 13 tons, enabling it to firmly safeguard passenger safety.

And finally.

At present, the second-generation Haval H9 has been displayed in various stores one after another, and the delivery is started simultaneously. Interested consumers can make reservations through official channels such as Haval’s official website and Haval brand experience store, and take the lead in embracing this family travel significant other, and start a desirable new family journey.

This highly creative and bright conference is not only a declaration of the debut of the second-generation Haval H9, but also a profound exploration and practice of the Haval brand and even Great Wall Motors to create a full range of off-road products. It is believed that with the gradual delivery of the second-generation Haval H9, more and more home users will unlock new ways to travel, making every trip full of joy and surprise.