Notice on Qingming Festival Sweeping was issued in many places in Fujian.

　 　Tomb-Sweeping Day is coming.
　　recent days
　　Relevant notices were issued in many places in Fujian.
　　Advocate peak-shifting and shunt sacrifice
　　Safety and civilized sacrifices, etc.
　　Individual venues need to make an appointment for sacrificial sweeping.
　　Let’s watch it together
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　　Fuzhou
　　recent days
　　Released by Xiangfeng Chongfu Temple in Fuzhou
　　Notice on Qingming Festival Sweeping
　　Put forward to implement
　　Appointment, limited, time-sharing, and peak-shifting sacrifices
　
Dear protector, good faith and citizen friend,
　　During the Qingming period, in order to avoid people gathering, alleviate traffic congestion and improve the experience of sweeping graves, the ritual sweeping will be carried out by appointment, limited time, time-sharing and staggered peaks. The specific announcement is as follows:
　　Every friend who goes to the temple to worship the public must make an appointment through WeChat WeChat official account. Those who make an appointment must go to the temple to worship the public in strict accordance with the information and time of the registered person.
　　I. Date of acceptance of appointment:
　　From now until April 7. If the selected time is full, you can choose another time.
　　Second, the reservation time flow:
　　During the period from March 23rd to April 7th, 2024, from 7: 00 to 17: 00 every day (a total of 5 time periods), the number of people who make an appointment to sweep the garden is limited to 300, and no more than 5 people who make an appointment to sweep the garden.
　　Third, the appointment method: online appointment.
　　Pay attention to "Fuzhou Xiangfeng Chongfu Temple" WeChat WeChat official account, select "Sacrifice and Sweep Appointment" in the menu bar below, and fill in the appointment information. The successful person will receive the SMS appointment voucher.
　　
　
　
　　4. Appointment requirements:
　　Truthfully provide information such as the name, mobile phone number, ID number, number of peers, appointment date and time, etc. After the appointment is successful, save the SMS notification to the mobile phone for verification when entering the temple.
　　Five, into the tower process:
　　Show the reservation voucher-check the registration information-check the ashes storage certificate-enter the tower to offer sacrifices to sweep.
　　Six, matters needing attention:
　　Citizens who have made a successful appointment must arrive at the appointed time and take the initiative to show their appointment vouchers and ID cards before entering the temple.
　　Thank you for your understanding, support and compliance.
　
　
　　Fuzhou Xiangfeng Chongfu Temple　 　　
　　March 8, 2024　 　 　
　　　
　　Fuzhou wenlinshan revolutionary heroes memorial park
　　Issue a notice
　　It is required that vehicles are not allowed to enter the park during peak hours.

　　It’s spring grass green again, and it’s clear every year. In order to implement the service guarantee of martyrs’ sacrifice and sweeping by the veterans affairs department and the management of mass sacrifice and sweeping during Qingming period by the civil affairs department, and ensure the safety and health of the masses and the civilized and orderly development of the sacrifice and sweeping activities, the relevant matters concerning the prohibition of vehicles from entering the park at the peak of Qingming Festival in Wenlinshan Revolutionary Heroes Memorial Park in 2024 are hereby notified as follows:
　　1. Due to the typhoon, a large area of serious landslides occurred in many main roads of our park, which has great potential safety hazards. It was originally scheduled to enter and exit from the west gate at the peak of Qingming Festival. However, at present, the municipal administration at the entrance of the west gate is under construction, and the revetment scaffolding cannot be removed during the Qingming period, which leads to the narrow road and the difficulty of vehicle intersection. In order to ensure the safety of the general public during the Qingming period, it is decided that vehicles (including non-motor vehicles such as electric vehicles) will be banned from the park from March 30, and citizens and friends are requested to take public transportation or green travel as much as possible, and come to the memorial sweep when the peak is wrong.
　　2. During the peak period of Qingming Festival, our park is only open for placing and removing ashes on March 30th-31st, April 4th-6th and 13th-14th. You can drive a car in and out from the west gate with a business reservation form. Vehicles entering the park are uniformly parked in the parking lot of the west gate, and driving in the whole park is prohibited.
　　3. Our garden provides short shuttle service of love car to the mountain for the disabled people such as martyrs, the old, the weak, the sick and the pregnant. The stops of love car are: Dongdaemun, comprehensive office building, soldier’s tomb and Chang ‘an Hall. Due to the large flow of people, the waiting time may be longer. Please understand and support the general public, arrange the travel personnel and time reasonably, and carry forward the fine traditional virtues of China. Don’t crowd and grab seats and give them to those who really need them.
　　4. The visiting team unified from the East Gate to the Memorial Square to carry out activities.
　　5. Service time for sweeping sacrifices:
　　7: 30-17: 00 (no rest at noon); Clear the garden at 17:00, and stop entering the garden.
　　Service consultation telephone number:
　　0591-83720174 (Business Section)　
　　0591-83795037 (martyr’s family tracing line, group visit reservation)
　　6. The release of subway and bus stations around the cemetery is as follows:
　　There are fifteen buses such as 75, 111, 86, 16, 77, 55, 22, 5, 124, 128, 317, 320, 101, 10 and 308 at Liuqiao Station of Yangqiao Road. There are sixteen buses at Xihong Road Station of West Second Ring Road, such as 4, 207, 91, 172, 301, 308, 311, 132, 87, 23, 158, 88, 152, 322, 98 and 53. Take Metro Line 4 to Luzhuang Station.
　　This is for your information. The right to interpret the above notice belongs to the management office. Thank you for your support and cooperation in our work!
　
　　Fuzhou wenlinshan revolutionary heroes memorial park　
　　March 21, 2024　 　　
　
　　Xiamen
　　March 22nd
　　Issued by Xiamen Civil Affairs Bureau
　　About Tomb-Sweeping Day in 2024
　　Notice of sweeping activities
　
　　Xiamen Civil Affairs Bureau
　　Notice on Sacrificial Sweeping Activities during Tomb-Sweeping Day in 2024
　　In order to do a good job in the service guarantee and safety management during the period of Tomb-Sweeping Day, promote the change of customs and traditions, and carry forward the new style of the times, the relevant matters of Qingming Festival in our city are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, the city’s tombs, funeral service stations in various districts, and the towns (streets) and villages (houses) are open for Qingming Festival sweeping from March 25th to April 14th.
　　Second, advocate green travel by means of public transportation to ease the traffic pressure around the places of sacrifice and sweeping.
　　Three, the implementation of single and even numbers, staggered peak sweeping, placed lattice, burial tomb tail number is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, on odd days; Those with endings of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 0 are sacrificed on even days. If citizens hold two or more placement certificates or burial certificates at the same time, and the tomb number and the grid number are single and even, they can go to the memorial sweep on any day.
　　Four, it is forbidden to burn paper money, Mingbi and other funeral offerings in the park. The general public are requested to strictly abide by the relevant regulations on site safety management and forest fire prevention, and put an end to illegal use of fire in the wild.
　　Fifth, advocate "online sacrifice sweeping". Citizens can make online sacrifice sweeping free of charge through "I Xiamen" WeChat WeChat official account or the online sacrifice sweeping platform "Xiamen Cloud Sacrifice Garden" in the APP. Advocate to pay homage to the ancestors through flowers and small-scale family remembrance.
　　6. Advocating ecological burial, citizens can make an appointment to register in advance through the "I Xiamen" WeChat WeChat official account or the "Ecological Burial Pre-registration" in the APP.
　　7. 24-hour consultation and complaint telephone number for Qingming Festival: 0592-2038993.
　　This circular shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation, and please understand, support and cooperate with the general public. The daily opening hours and regulations of each tomb cemetery are released by each tomb cemetery.
　
　
　　Xiamen Civil Affairs Bureau
　　March 22, 2024
　
　　Ningde
　　March 20
　
　　Issued by Ningde Civil Affairs Bureau
　　Tomb-Sweeping Day Civilization Sacrifice Sweeping Proposal
Dear friends of the general public,
　　"Qingming cold food comes, spring comes and flowers bloom." The annual Tomb-Sweeping Day is coming. In order to inherit the traditional culture, establish a new style of funeral and burial, advocate changing customs, and spend a green, thrifty, safe and civilized Tomb-Sweeping Day together, we propose the following to the people of the city:
　　Sweep the civilization sacrifice. Establish a new civilized style, and adopt low-carbon and environmentally-friendly ways such as offering flowers, offering sacrifices online, reading eulogies, planting trees for an outing, and holding family memorial meetings to remember the old friends and mourn, so as to enhance the modern significance of traditional festivals. The majority of party member cadres play an exemplary and leading role, consciously abide by the relevant provisions of civilized sweeping sacrifices and changing customs, actively discourage uncivilized sweeping sacrifices, and influence and drive people around them with practical actions.
　　Thrift sacrifice. Carry forward the traditional virtues of filial piety, love for relatives, diligence and thrift, and establish a new concept of caring for the elderly and burying them thinly. When the elderly are alive, they are diligent in filial piety and generous in support, so that they can have a sense of security and happiness; After the death of the old man, we should be thrifty in mourning, so as not to do big things, disturb the people, talk about ostentation and extravagance, and make civilized sacrifices in a thrifty way, place our grief on them, and resolutely oppose extravagance.
　　Ecological sacrifice. Consciously resist stereotypes, establish the concept of green environmental protection, and advocate the choice of land-saving ecological burial methods such as tree burial, flower burial, lawn burial and sea burial. Do not use sacrificial articles that are difficult to degrade, burn paper money, set off fireworks and firecrackers, and place sacrifices in public places such as streets, communities, roads, parks and squares. In the process of sacrificial sweeping, no littering, no pollution of air and rivers, no destruction of forests and land, prevention of forest fires and protection of the ecological environment.
　　Safety sacrifice. Pay attention to the information about the sacrifice and sweeping in Tomb-Sweeping Day, arrange the time reasonably, stagger the peak days and periods of the sacrifice and sweeping, and try to take green travel modes such as public transportation to avoid traffic congestion. Strictly abide by the relevant regulations, consciously obey the guidance and arrangement of the staff, and avoid all kinds of unsafe hidden dangers such as fire, crowded trampling. Civil affairs departments at all levels carry out in-depth and extensive publicity activities to change customs, actively communicate and coordinate with public security, transportation, market supervision, forestry and other departments, and jointly do a good job in ensuring the safety of Qingming Festival. At the same time, volunteers are welcome to actively participate in the service of the site and the publicity work of changing customs, so as to create a healthy, civilized and harmonious social atmosphere.
　
　　Zhangzhou
　　recent days
　　Changtai District and High-tech Zone in Zhangzhou City
　　Released successively
　　Notice of Tomb-Sweeping Day Festival Sweeping Activities in 2024
　　Issued by Zhangzhou Funeral Home
　　Notice on Adjustment of Qingming Festival Sweeping Mode
　
　　Zhangzhou High-tech Zone on Doing Well
　　In 2024, Tomb-Sweeping Day’s sacrificial sweeping service work
　　public notice

　　In order to effectively meet the needs of the masses and ensure the safe, civilized, harmonious and orderly development of the sweeping work during Tomb-Sweeping Day, the relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, carry out peak-shifting and shunt sacrifice sweeping
　　The ashes building of Damaoshan Cemetery in Zhangzhou and Fushou Cemetery in Yancuo Town, High-tech Zone, carried out peak-shifting and shunting sacrifice sweeping in the way that the tail number of the storage location number of ashes corresponds to the date tail number, that is, during the sacrifice sweeping period, people with the tail number of the storage location number of ashes went to sacrifice sweeping on the 10th, 20th or 30th, and people with the number of 1 went to sacrifice sweeping on the 1st, 11th or 21st. Please try to stagger the peak hours on March 30th, March 31st, April 4th, April 5th and April 6th, especially from 9: 00 to 11: 00 and from 13: 00 to 14: 00 on April 4th.
　　Second, abide by the order of sacrifice and sweeping together.
　　The people who sacrifice to sweep the ashes need to carry the ashes storage certificate and enter and leave the ashes building in an orderly manner. Please worship the masses in an orderly manner under the guidance of the staff. If the ashes storage certificate is lost, please go to the cemetery management service center for a replacement certificate in advance.
　　Third, build a safe and sweeping defense line
　　Try to be light and simple, please consciously obey the traffic guidance for self-driving vehicles to ensure smooth roads. Citizens and friends who are invited to sweep must enhance their safety awareness, burn paper in the incinerator, prohibit setting off firecrackers, prohibit illegal use of fire, consciously do a good job in fire safety and forest fire prevention, and jointly create a harmonious and orderly environment for sweeping.
　　Fourth, carry forward the new style of green civilization
　　Advocating green and civilized ways such as family memorial, flower sacrifice, tree planting sacrifice, and network sacrifice to remember the dead and place their grief. Advocating to enrich the cultural connotation of Tomb-Sweeping Day, cultivating excellent family styles such as respecting morality, caring for the elderly and loving relatives, and establishing the funeral concept of caring for the elderly and caring for the relatives, so as to make Tomb-Sweeping Day an important carrier for passing on family ties, inheriting family styles and protecting the ecological environment.
　　Consultation telephone number:
　　0596-6623999 (Damaoshan Cemetery in Zhangzhou);
　　0596-6667790 (Fushou Cemetery, Yancuo Town, High-tech Zone).
　
　　Changtai District, Zhangzhou City
　　Notice of Tomb-Sweeping Day Sacrificial Sweeping Activities in 2024
　　The annual Tomb-Sweeping Day is coming. In this season of remembering the old friends and mourning, in order to uphold Confucianism and filial piety, advocate civilized new style and ensure the safety, civilization and order of the sweeping activities during Tomb-Sweeping Day, the relevant precautions are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, implement the peak-shifting sacrifice. The time for centralized sacrifice and sweeping is from April 1st to April 7th. In order to avoid overcrowding, peak-shifting and shunting sacrifices were adopted. The specific arrangements are as follows:
　　April 1st, 5th and 7th, Yintang Banli Township, Wu ‘an Town　　
　　On April 2nd, 4th and 7th, Yanxi Town Tourism Zone Development Zone　
　　April 3, April 6, April 7, Lindun Chenxiang Town, Fangyang Town　　
　　Second, reasonably arrange the sacrifice. Please try to stagger the peak hours from April 4 to April 6 when sweeping the masses. If you need to queue up in case of flow restriction, please keep good order and advocate the way of "remembering at home" to send your memories remotely.
　　Third, the vouchers are swept in an orderly manner. Those who come to sacrifice and sweep must bring the Ashes Placement Certificate. If the deposit fee has expired, they must continue to pay the fee before entering the ashes placement room to pay their respects. No urn is allowed to be taken out during the sweeping ceremony, and only one owner, one person and one incense are allowed to enter the ashes storage room to pay tribute. Please pay attention to check the storage location number to avoid errors.
　　Fourth, safe and civilized sacrifices. Please sweep the masses by car, consciously abide by public order and fire prevention regulations, prohibit setting off fireworks and firecrackers, and do not burn paper at will outside the designated area of public sweep places to prevent forest fires, ensure safety and order, and jointly safeguard the sweep environment.
　　During the sweeping ceremony, residents and friends can call the District Funeral Service Center (0596-8228366) and the District Fushoutang (0596-8327340) for consultation if they have any questions that need consultation.
　
　
　　Zhangzhou Changtai district civil affairs bureau　　
　　March 14th, 2024　 　
　
　About Zhangzhou Funeral Parlour in 2024
　　Notice of Qingming Festival Sweeping Related Matters
　　Tomb-Sweeping Day is an important traditional festival to remember our ancestors carefully. In order to jointly create a peaceful, orderly, civilized and peaceful environment for sweeping sacrifices, relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, the implementation of peak-shifting and shunting sacrifices. At present, Zhanghua Road is undergoing pavement reconstruction, and some sections are semi-closed construction. In addition, the new ashes building is put into use for the first time, and the people who sacrifice to sweep need to be familiar with and adapt to the new environment and process. It is expected that during the Qingming period this year, the city funeral parlour will usher in the historical peak of sacrifice sweeping. In order to avoid congestion inside and outside the museum, it is decided to implement the peak-shifting and diversion sacrifice sweeping. The specific ways are as follows: adopting the way that the date mantissa corresponds to the mantissa of the "storage location number" of the ashes storage certificate, for example, people with the "storage location number" ending number of 1 will be arranged to enter the museum for sweeping on the 1 ST, 11 th or 21 ST; People with the suffix "0" can enter the museum to pay homage on the 10th, 20th or 30th, and so on. The general public and friends are requested to arrange their time reasonably and try to avoid the peak hours on March 30th and 31st, April 4th, 5th, 6th, 13th and 14th, especially the peak hours from 9: 00 to 11: 00 and from 13: 00 to 14: 00 on April 4th.
　　Second, jointly abide by the order of sacrifice and sweeping. At present, two old cinerary buildings, Fushoutang and Siqintang, have been demolished, and all the urns in the museum have been moved and stored in the newly built cinerary building. Please sweep the masses in accordance with the principle of "no more than two people per card" and enter the new ashes building in an orderly manner with the ashes storage certificate. If the ashes storage certificate is lost, please go to the business hall of the museum to apply for a replacement certificate in advance. Please carefully check the grid number under the guidance of the staff to avoid confusion. After confirming that the location number is correct, collect the location key in order, please take out the tablet to worship in the outdoor square, and it is forbidden to take out the urn. After the worship, please put the tablet back in its place.
　　Third, build a safe defense line. Try to be light and simple. It is recommended to take the No.4 bus to and from. Please consciously obey the traffic guidance for self-driving vehicles to ensure smooth roads. In case of heavy traffic, when traffic control is implemented, you can take the shuttle bus to the city funeral home at the intersection of Zhanghua Road and Changfu Road for free. Citizens and friends who are invited to sweep must enhance their safety awareness. Please burn paper in the incinerator. It is forbidden to set off firecrackers in the museum. It is forbidden to use fire illegally. Consciously do a good job in fire safety and forest fire prevention, and jointly create a harmonious and orderly environment for sweeping.
　　Fourth, carry forward the new style of green civilization. Advocating green and civilized ways such as family memorial, flower sacrifice, tree planting sacrifice, and network sacrifice to remember the dead and place their grief. From March 23, the masses can make online sacrifices through the "Cloud Sacrifice Sweep" service of the WeChat applet of Zhangzhou Funeral Service Center. Advocating to enrich the cultural connotation of Tomb-Sweeping Day, cultivating excellent family styles such as respecting morality, caring for the elderly and loving relatives, and establishing the funeral concept of caring for the elderly and caring for the relatives, so as to make Tomb-Sweeping Day an important carrier for passing on family ties, inheriting family styles and protecting the ecological environment.
　　During the sweeping ceremony, citizens can call the city funeral service center (0596-2024607) or the city funeral home (0596-2587921) for consultation during office hours.
　　This circular is applicable to the sweeping activities of city funeral homes. The arrangement of mass sweeping activities in counties (districts) and development zones (investment zones) shall be released separately by all localities.
　　Service Guarantee of Qingming Festival Sweeping in Zhangzhou City
　　Office of the leading group　　
　　March 16th, 2024　　
　
Nanping
21st
Nanping city issued a notice of Qingming Festival sweeping.
　　Tomb-Sweeping Day holiday is approaching in 2024. In order to ensure the safety and order of sweeping activities during the Qingming period, relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
　　First, the opening of a free shuttle bus
　　From 08: 00 to 16: 00 on March 31st, and from 06: 30 to 16: 00 every day from April 3rd to April 7th, a free shuttle bus for sweeping was opened, and citizens who went to the Wolong Mountain Cemetery lined up at the gate of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of Mazhan-the funeral parlour-the Wolong Mountain Cemetery.
　　Second, the temporary traffic control regulations
　　(1) Traffic regulations
　　From April 3rd to April 7th, from 06: 30 to 16: 00 every day, traffic control will be implemented on the sections of Gongye Road (from the back door of aluminum factory to Jiushuidong Bridge), Dongxi Road, Jiandong Road, Xinshuidong Bridge and Mazhan Jinjiang Garden Passage, as follows:
　　1. It is forbidden for light trucks (except pickup trucks), low-speed trucks and tractors to pass from the back door of Industrial Road Aluminum Factory to the Jiangbin East intersection of Dongxi Road;
　　2. Jiandong Road and Shuihu Line (from Tianhuyuan Cemetery to Funeral Home) are prohibited from passing by other motor vehicles (including electric vehicles) except buses, funeral vehicles and rural passenger vehicles traveling to and from Genggu Village in Nanping City;
　　3. The Xinshuidong Bridge allows two-way traffic except buses and two-wheeled motorcycles, and other motor vehicles implement one-way traffic, only allowing motor vehicles to pass from Dongxi Road to Bayi Road;
　　4. The Jinjiang Garden Passage connecting Jiangbin East Road and Gongye Road is forbidden for motor vehicles.
　　(2) Parking management regulations
　　1. No motor vehicles are allowed to park in the whole section of Dongxi Road and the motorway from Industrial Road Mazhan roundabout to the back door of Industrial Road Aluminum Factory. Self-driving cars can be parked in the following places:
　　(1) Yuanfu parking lot (by the crossing of the former chemical fiber factory);
　　(2) Jinjiang Garden parking lot and bus terminal parking spot on Jiangbin East Road;
　　(3) On both sides of the road from Shunxin Garden on Jiangbin East Road to Meizhong Knitting Factory.
　　2. Parking of motor vehicles is prohibited along the road from Jiandong Road to Tianhuyuan Cemetery.
　　The general public are requested to consciously abide by the above regulations, and the traffic control department of the public security will tow the vehicles that affect the smooth road according to the law.
　　Three, prohibit the occupation and piling up debris.
　　From April 3 to April 7, the traffic police and urban management departments will strictly control Mazhan roundabout, Dongxi Road and Jiandong Road, and it is strictly forbidden to occupy roads, set up stalls, pile up sundries and park vehicles indiscriminately to prevent traffic jams.
　　Fourth, strict control of fire and candle
　　In order to ensure safety, it is strictly forbidden to throw paper money and set off firecrackers on urban roads. Sweeping personnel should strictly abide by the relevant regulations and light candles, burn paper and set off firecrackers in designated areas according to the guidance of the staff to prevent forest fires.
　　Fifth, advocate the peak-shifting sacrifice.
　　April 4th, 5th and 6th are the peak periods of Qingming Festival. Please take the initiative to avoid the peak periods of Qingming Festival and relieve the traffic pressure.
　　Sixth, advocate low-carbon civilization sacrifice.
　　Party member cadres should play an exemplary role, implement the concept of green development, vigorously promote civilized and low-carbon sacrificial sweeping methods such as offering flowers, greening and planting trees, collective sacrifice, and family remembrance, and actively advocate new fashions of changing customs. City Funeral Parlour and Cemetery Management Office will continue to carry out activities such as "firecrackers, paper money for flowers for free", "Time Mailbox", "Ribbon for mourning" and "Pray for the wall for mourning", and launch online services such as online memorial service and remote farewell service, and online memorial service websites such as www.npbyg.com and WeChat WeChat official account nanpingbyg0599.
　　This is for your information.
　
　
　　nanping city people’s government office　　
　　March 21, 2024　 　　

Nearly 70% of primary and secondary school students have insufficient extracurricular reading time every day. Should they take the blame for homework？

　　Beijing, Dec. 5 (Reporter Shangguan Yun) People have always attached great importance to reading and adopted various methods to cultivate reading habits and interest. Zhu Xi once said, "The method of reading is gradual, familiar and thoughtful."

　　However, a few days ago, # Nearly 70% of students read less than one hour after class every day # boarded a hot search: "Investigation Report on the Status of Reading and Writing in Primary and Secondary Schools (2019)" showed that about 19.6% of the respondents read less than 0.5 hours a day, and 50% of the respondents read for 0.5-1 hour a day (excluding 1 hour).

　　This research result has also attracted many people’s attention: What is the importance of extracurricular reading? How long is the appropriate reading time for students?

Data Map: During the National Day, the flow of people in bookstores increased significantly, mainly students. Photo by Li Nanxuan

　　The report shows thatNearly 70% of primary and secondary school students read less than one hour a day.

　　A few days ago, the Investigation Report on the Current Situation of Reading and Writing in Primary and Secondary Schools (2019) (hereinafter referred to as the Report) was released at the 5th China Education Innovation Achievements Expo. It shows that nearly 70% of primary and secondary school students spend less than one hour reading every day.

　　According to the Report, about 89.4% and 90.4% of the respondents are interested in reading and extracurricular reading respectively. However, the reading time of the respondents is worrying. About 19.6% of the respondents read less than 0.5 hours a day, and 50% of the respondents read 0.5-1 hour a day (excluding 1 hour).

　　However, extracurricular reading is not long, but it has little to do with the number of books. The above Report also shows that about 81.8% of the respondents said that there are abundant reading materials to read, 78.9% of the respondents have more books at home, 86.8% of the respondents are free to choose reading materials, and 69.4% of the respondents often buy books.

　　Moreover, with the increase of age, the number of students who read less than one hour a day has increased significantly. "So for primary and secondary school students, interest is not a problem, reading is not a problem, and time is the problem." Feng Wang, the author of the Report and a professor of Chinese Department in Peking University, said.

　　"There is a lot of discussion about reading and writing. We do this research because we want to do some empirical research. " Li Ermin, the research partner and vice president of China Institute of Educational Innovation of Beijing Normal University, revealed that extracurricular reading is not only related to time, but also to many factors such as reading quality.

　　Where did all the time for extracurricular reading go?

　　So, where did the children spend their extracurricular reading time?

Image source: Weibo screenshot

　　In this regard, some netizens said, "There is a lot of homework. As long as you don’t read supplementary books and the designated bibliography of the college entrance examination, you will be considered to be in ‘ Read casual books ’ Even if it is a world famous book. Exercise time is not enough, not that children are lazy. "

　　Some people also lamented that, except for the extra time in primary school, the homework in junior high school is ok, and in senior high school, it may not be finished at 11 o’clock in the evening, but for the efficiency of attending classes the next day, we must make up our sleep quickly … … University time is abundant, but it lacks the heart that I was willing to study when I was a child.

　　"My daughter finishes school at 3: 30 every afternoon, and there is not much homework." Liu Xue (pseudonym) is the mother of a primary school student. She said that her daughter has to practice the piano for an hour every night, and the extracurricular reading time is about half an hour every day. "I will watch more on weekends."

　　In order to protect children’s eyesight and adequate sleep time, Liu Xue did not ask children to have longer extracurricular reading every day. "However, we should try our best to plan extracurricular reading time scientifically. Reading and studying should be a lifetime thing. "

　　"Parents may be confused: How long should children spend reading outside class every day? This problem is difficult to cut across the board, which is related to the children’s learning period and their reading ability, and should be arranged reasonably according to their own situation. " Li Ermin mentioned, but it must be admitted that the time spent by primary and secondary school students on reading is really insufficient in general. "Many studies and surveys support this. The data presented in this Report is also. "

　　Reading after class is more than reading literary works.

　　In fact, in the hearts of many netizens who lament the lack of time, extracurricular reading is often understood as reading literary works, but Feng Wang introduced in an interview with a reporter from Zhongxin. com that, broadly speaking, reading literary works can be included, including reading newspapers and so on.

　　"Extracurricular reading refers to personal reading practice outside the classroom." Feng Wang believes that in class, teachers have taught some techniques or made some demonstrations, but if students want to turn these into their own abilities, they must put them into practice. "Although it is called extracurricular reading, it is not amateur and dispensable."

　　Data map. The picture shows World Book Day. More than 100 pupils in Yangzhou spelled out a huge Chinese character "book". Photo by Meng Delong

　　Feng Wang thinks that reading practice is very important. For example, in sports training, the coach has taught some skills and put forward some basic requirements, and everyone has to implement the training to really master it. Reading is the same. Without your own practice, it is impossible to internalize your own reading ability.

　　At the same time, he pointed out that a lot of homework is intellectual, even some technical repetitive exercises, and less time is left for comprehensive and holistic activities like reading.

　　"In fact, all disciplines can get through. Reading is not necessarily just reading literary works, just reading things related to Chinese classes, mathematics, science, etc. " Feng Wang thinks that the literacy of other subjects can be integrated, and reading time will be available.

　　Can reading and writing be more systematic?

　　In addition, in response to many people’s exclamation that "time is not enough", Feng Wang also believes that if reading education can be done as mentioned above, students should have time. But now it is actually taken up by other aspects of practice. "In the final analysis, it is still a matter of concept."

　　Feng Wang said that the education sector can actually seriously discuss how to turn reading and writing into a more systematic and framed reasonable arrangement through various efforts. "Like reading courses and writing courses, they should all stand alone, not outside the curriculum, but the core part of the whole curriculum education."

　　"Besides, reading itself is an important foundation of learning — — After learning to read, you can learn by reading. " Feng Wang said.

More than a thousand toll stations are closed, traffic control is prohibited, and stations are prohibited! Many places are affected by snowfall.

　　Yesterday, the large-scale rain and snow process in the central and eastern regions kicked off. The monitoring showed that from 8: 00 yesterday to 6: 00 today, there were snowfall (rain) or sleet in western Xinjiang, eastern and southern Qinghai, eastern Gansu, southern Ningxia, north-central Shaanxi, south-central Shanxi, north-central Henan, south-central Shandong and northern Jiangsu and Anhui. The snow in central and northern Henan, central and southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu is 2 ~ 9.7 cm; Moderate to heavy rain occurred in eastern Hubei, central and southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, Shanghai and other places, and local heavy rain occurred in Jiangsu.

　　This large-scale freezing rain and snow weather process has the characteristics of wide influence range, large accumulated rain and snow, long duration and large freezing rain area, and will be the strongest in winter since 2009.

　　More than a thousand toll stations across the country are closed.

　　The reporter learned from the Road Network Center of the Ministry of Transport that as of 8: 00 today, affected by snowfall and road icing, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia have closed 80 road sections and closed 1,133 toll stations, and the resumption time is yet to be determined. The details are as follows:

　　Hebei (38 toll stations closed, 2 sections): Handan section of G22 Qinglan Expressway, Qingjiagou section of G2516 Donglu Expressway;

　　Shanxi (238 toll stations are closed, 37 sections are closed): G5 Jingkun Expressway from Hongtong to Beichai, Qixian to Mingjiang, Houma to Hejin, Luocheng to Qingxu South, G20 Qingyin Expressway from Jiaocheng to Liulin West, G2003 Taiyuan Ring Expressway, G22 Qinglan Expressway, G2211 Changyan Expressway, G2516 Donglu Expressway, G. G55 Erguang Expressway from Taiyuan to Jincheng, Yuanping to Gaopu, G5512 Jinxin Expressway, G59 Hubei Expressway from Xiangning to Hejin, Ruicheng to Shengtian Lake, Lishi to Xixian, Linxian to Lishi, Donghuangshui to Chakou, S45 Tianli Expressway from Zuo Quan East Station to Xijing, Zhangzhuang to Zuo Quan, Yinying to Pingding North, and S46 Jingxing Expressway from Caijiaya. S75 Houping Expressway, S76 Pingchang Expressway, S80 Linghou Expressway, S86 Jinyun Expressway Runcheng North to Yangcheng North, S8611 Runyang Expressway, S87 Yunfeng Expressway, S2201 Changzhi Ring Expressway, S2002 Linfen Ring Expressway, S2211 Mingqu Expressway, S5503 Jincheng Ring Expressway and S5902 Yuncheng Ring Expressway.

　　Liaoning (61 toll stations closed and 3 sections closed): G1501 Shenyang Ring Expressway, S2 Shenkang Expressway and S3 Shentao Expressway;

　　Henan (420 toll stations closed and 31 sections closed): G0321 Deshang Expressway, G1511 Rilan Expressway, G1516 Yanluo Expressway, G3001 Zhengzhou Ring Expressway, G3031 Shanggu Expressway, G35 Jiguang Expressway, G3511 Hebao Expressway, G36 Ningluo Expressway and G5512 Jinxin Expressway. S29 Xuxin Expressway, S33 along Taihang Expressway, S38 Xinyang Expressway, S49 Jiaotang Expressway, S60 Shangdeng Expressway, S71 Anyang Northwest Ring Road, S74 Huohubei Link Line, S76 Luanlu Expressway, S82 Min Zheng Expressway, S84 Xinjin Expressway, S85 Zhengshao Expressway, S87 Zheng Yun Expressway, S88 Zhengluan Expressway and S92 Luolu Expressway. S95 Jiluo Expressway, S96 Luoluan Expressway, S97 Xinyi Expressway, G234 Songzhuang Village in Gaozhuang Township to Baitugang Village in Xipingluo Township, G342 Daquandi Village in Nanzhai Town to the boundary of Shanxi Province (bordering with Shanxi Province), and S229 Nanzhai Village in Nanzhai Town to Nancun Village in Nancun Town;

　　Shaanxi (125 toll stations closed, 2 sections closed): Huajin intersection section of Huayin section of G242, Jinzhulin-Baicaoliang section of Ba ‘anyu Road in S211 town;

　　Ningxia (18 toll stations closed, 4 sections closed): G22 Qinglan Expressway Longde to Maojiagou Section, G70 Fuyin Expressway Taoshan to Liupanshan Section, S25 Jinghua Expressway Jingheyuan to Jinghua Section and Fuyin Interchange Section;

　　Hubei (1 section closed): Shiyan section of S282;

　　Three toll stations in Inner Mongolia were closed; Eight toll stations in Heilongjiang are closed; A toll station in Anhui was closed; 195 toll stations in Shandong were closed; 26 toll stations in Gansu closed.

　　In addition, affected by heavy fog, Jilin, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Sichuan and Guizhou have closed two road sections and closed 161 toll stations. It is expected to resume traffic at noon today. The details are as follows:

　　Henan (two sections are closed): the G310 Mianchi Interchange to Dongliang Section and Mianchi Interchange to Lingbao West Section;

　　Two toll stations in Jilin are closed; 80 toll stations in Zhejiang are closed; 57 toll stations in Jiangxi were closed; 16 toll stations in Sichuan are closed; Six toll stations in Guizhou are closed.

　　Many expressways in Henan are prohibited from getting on the station.

　　Affected by snowfall, many highways in Henan are prohibited from getting on the station, and dangerous goods transport vehicles in the province are prohibited from getting on the station. As of 8: 10 on February 1, the highways affected by snowfall in Henan Province are as follows:

　　Due to snowfall, the sections where all vehicles are prohibited from getting on the station are:

　　Ningluo Expressway: Luoyang Jianxi Station-Yexian North Station;

　　Xu-Guang Expressway: Xiangcheng Station-Wugang South Station;

　　Anluo Expressway: Guandu Station-Yanling Pengdian Station;

　　Lannan Expressway: Erlangmiao Station-Jiuxian Station;

　　Hubei Expressway: Lingbao East Station-Zhuyangguan Station;

　　Airport Expressway: south exit of airport station;

　　Pushang Expressway: Puyang East Station-Ningling North Station;

　　Lanyuan Expressway: Yuanyang East Station-Yuanyang South Station;

　　Luxi Expressway: Xianmenshan Station-Xixia North Station;

　　Puwei Expressway: Wenliu Station-Huaxian South Station;

　　Shangnan Expressway: Shangqiu Liangyuan Station-zhecheng county West Station, Yinji Station-Yangzhuang Station;

　　Sanmenxia Yellow River Railway Bridge: Sanmenxia Station goes out of the province;

　　Jinxin Expressway: the whole line;

　　Deshang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Jiaotang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Hebao Expressway: Changyuan North Station-Xinxiang Economic Development Zone Station, Xiuwu East Station-Shaoyuan Station.

　　Shangdeng Expressway: the whole line;

　　Ningluo Expressway: Luohe West Station-Luoyang Jian West Station.

　　Xinjin Expressway: the whole line;

　　Jiluo Expressway: the whole line;

　　Shanggu Expressway: Suidong New District Station-zhecheng county South Railway Station;

　　Jiguang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Yanluo Expressway: the whole line;

　　Zheng Yun Expressway: the whole line;

　　Rilan Expressway: the whole line;

　　Luan-Lu Expressway: the whole line;

　　Luoluan Expressway: the whole line;

　　Xinyi Expressway: the whole line;

　　Zheng Shao Expressway: the whole line;

　　Nanlin Expressway: the whole line;

　　Taihui Expressway: the whole line;

　　Xuxin Expressway: Fancheng Station-Wenshi Station;

　　Luolu Expressway: the whole line;

　　Zhengzhou-Luan Expressway: the whole line;

　　Around the northwest of Anyang: the whole line.

　　Along Taihang Expressway: the whole line

　　Min Zheng Expressway: the whole line;

　　Lianhuohubei tie line: the whole line

　　Due to snowfall, it is forbidden for more than seven passenger cars (including seven) and dangerous goods transport vehicles to get on the road:

　　Hebao Expressway: Xinxiang East Station-Huojia Station;

　　Xuxin Expressway: Xiping West Station-Boshan Lake Station;

　　Huainei Expressway: Zhengyang South Station-Shuanghe Station;

　　Xuguang Expressway: Chunshui Station-Biyang East Station;

　　Shanggu Expressway: Test Station-Steel Xincheng Station;

　　Ningluo Expressway: Shenqiu Zhidian Station-Tanzhuang Station;

　　Anluo Expressway: Fugou West Station-Tongzhong Station;

　　Shangnan Expressway: Sitong Station-chaya mountain Station;

　　Zhengzhou Ring Expressway: the whole line;

　　Xinyang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Lianhuo Expressway: the whole line;

　　Daguang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway: Biyang;

　　Erguang Expressway: the whole line;

　　Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway: the whole line.

　　Shaanxi Yan ‘an Expressway implements traffic control.

　　On February 1st, heavy snow fell in Yan ‘an, Shaanxi Province. In order to ensure the safety of travel, all toll stations of Baomao Expressway, Yanxi Expressway, Yulan Expressway, Qinglan Expressway, Changyan Expressway, Ziyao Expressway and Yanzhiwu Expressway are temporarily controlled, and all vehicles are prohibited from passing. The release time is to be determined.

More than a thousand toll stations are closed, traffic control is prohibited, and stations are prohibited! Many places are affected by snowfall.

　　Temporary control of several expressways in Gansu due to snowfall

　　The reporter learned from the expressway management department of Gansu Province that as of 9: 00 am on February 1, affected by the previous snowfall, according to the traffic conditions, the traffic police in the jurisdiction temporarily implemented temporary traffic control at the entrance of the toll station on the following sections:

More than a thousand toll stations are closed, traffic control is prohibited, and stations are prohibited! Many places are affected by snowfall.

　　G6 Liuzhaike and Wangjiashan toll stations have two-way entrances; Vehicles heading for Ningxia at the entrance of Xindun and Pingchuan toll stations;

　　G22 West Gongyi, Jingning Toll Station and toll stations along Pingliang West to Taibai;

　　G69 sweet water fort to toll stations along the ancient city of Luo Chuan;

　　G70 Fengkou Toll Station;

　　G85 Shilipu to Huating South toll stations;

　　G8513 toll stations along Huating West to Tianshui land port;

　　S28 toll stations along Huating East to Lingtai West;

　　S11 Huating North Toll Station;

　　S26 Zhengning connecting line connects Yulin Zi and Zhengning South toll station entrance;

　　S15 toll stations along Huachi North to Qingcheng East;

　　S25 toll stations along Jingning South to Shetang;

　　G341 Toll Station of Huanxian County and Lujiawan, the first-class road of Erche.

More than a thousand toll stations are closed, traffic control is prohibited, and stations are prohibited! Many places are affected by snowfall.

　　At present, the local highway department has started the emergency plan, and dispatched personnel and vehicles to clear the snow on the road to ensure the safety of Spring Festival travel rush.

[Editor in charge:

]

Measures of Sichuan Province for the Administration of Road Freight Transportation


Decree of Sichuan Provincial People’s Government


　


No.212


　


　　The "Measures" for the administration of road freight transportation in Sichuan Province have been adopted at the 114th executive meeting of the Sichuan Provincial People’s Government on April 3, 2007, and are hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of May 25, 2007.


Governor: Jiang Jufeng


　


April 24th, 2007


　


　　Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 These Measures are formulated in accordance with the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Road Transport and the Regulations of Sichuan Province on Road Transport Management, in combination with the actual situation of Sichuan Province, for the purpose of regulating road freight transport, road freight transport stations, freight transport agents and cargo transport stowage business activities, maintaining the market order of road freight transport and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties involved in road freight transport.



　　Article 2 All units and individuals (hereinafter referred to as operators) engaged in road freight transport (hereinafter referred to as freight transport), road freight transport stations (hereinafter referred to as freight stations), freight forwarders (hereinafter referred to as freight forwarders) and cargo transport stowage (hereinafter referred to as freight stowage) within the administrative area of Sichuan Province shall abide by these measures.



　　Operators engaged in international freight forwarding shall follow the relevant provisions of the state.



　　Article 3 The traffic administrative departments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the management of freight, freight stations, freight forwarders and freight stowage operations within their respective administrative areas, and the road transport management institutions at or above the county level shall be responsible for the specific implementation of the management.



　　Article 4 Road transport management institutions shall guide the development of road freight transport in accordance with the road transport development plan, and encourage operators to improve service quality and expand service areas to meet the needs of economic construction and people’s lives.



　　Article 5 Encourage the intensive, large-scale and specialized operation of freight transportation, promote the development of special vehicles such as containers, closed vans, multi-axle heavy-duty and tank vehicles and energy-saving and environmental-friendly vehicles, and advocate bulk material units to determine the carrier operators through bidding.



　　Chapter II Business License



　　Article 6 An applicant for freight business shall apply to the road transport management institution for a freight business license according to law.



　　Engaged in general freight and one, two or three large-scale goods transportation and freight station management, apply to the local county-level road transport management institution; Engaged in four large-scale goods transport, special transport and dangerous goods transport business, to the local city (state) road transport management agencies to apply.



　　Article 7 The road transport management institution that accepts the application for the operation of four-level large-scale goods transport shall organize experts to verify and comprehensively evaluate the vehicles, managers and technicians.



　　Article 8 A container transport operator shall meet the requirements stipulated by the state and our province, the driver shall have the qualification to drive a car or train, the towing capacity of the towing vehicle shall be more than 20 tons and a real-time dynamic driving recorder shall be installed, and the semi-trailer shall have a lock-turning device.



　　Ninth engaged in the transport of dangerous goods, should have the conditions stipulated by the state, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and our province to assess the safety production situation of dangerous goods transport enterprises.



　　Dangerous goods transport enterprises should implement corporate operation.



　　Tenth engaged in freight forwarding and freight stowage business, should meet the following conditions and handle the business license in accordance with the law before operating:



　　(1) Having a fixed office space and necessary communication and computer equipment;



　　(2) Having professionals and managers suitable for their business;



　　(3) Having sound business operation rules and management systems.



　　Eleventh engaged in freight forwarding and freight stowage business, it shall, within 15 days from the date of opening, file with the local county-level road transport management institution, and submit the following filing materials:



　　(1) An application form for filing freight forwarders and freight stowage;



　　(2) The original and photocopy of the organization code certificate, industrial and commercial business license and tax registration certificate;



　　(3) A copy of the ID card of the legal representative;



　　(4) Certificate of house property right or house lease agreement;



　　(five) the text of business operation rules and management system.



　　Twelfth freight operators to set up a branch engaged in freight business, shall apply to the county road transport management institution where the branch is established and submit the following materials:



　　(1) The original and photocopy of the applicant’s organization code certificate, business license and road transport business license;



　　(two) the legal proof of the land and houses used by the branch;



　　(3) the text of the safety management system of the branch;



　　(4) A copy of the post-holding document and ID card of the person in charge of the branch.



　　The road transport management institution shall verify the above materials within 15 days from the date of receipt, and issue a copy of the road transport business license of the branch company if it meets the requirements. After obtaining a copy of the business license of the branch company, the operator shall go through the relevant formalities at the original road transport management institution.



　　Chapter III Operation and Management



　　Thirteenth freight operators should use vehicles that meet the requirements of the state and our province on energy consumption and environmental protection to engage in freight operations, improve the degree of transportation organization, reduce empty cars and save energy.



　　For vehicles that do not conform to the provisions of the preceding paragraph, freight operators shall carry out transformation or scrap and update in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and our province.



　　Fourteenth freight operators shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and our province, maintain and test freight vehicles to ensure that the technical conditions of freight vehicles are good.



　　Freight vehicle maintenance is divided into daily maintenance, primary maintenance and secondary maintenance. Daily maintenance is carried out by the driver before driving, during driving and after receiving the car; First-level maintenance and second-level maintenance are carried out by motor vehicle maintenance enterprises. The mileage of the first-level maintenance interval shall not exceed 2500 kilometers; If the mileage is inconvenient to count, the interval of 1 month shall prevail. The mileage of secondary maintenance interval shall not exceed 15,000 kilometers; If the mileage is inconvenient to count, the interval of 3 months shall prevail.



　　After the two-level maintenance of freight vehicles, freight operators shall record the two-level maintenance of vehicles in the technical files of vehicles in a timely manner, and properly keep the certificate of completion of the two-level maintenance.



　　Fifteenth freight forwarders and consignors shall conclude a contract of carriage in accordance with the provisions of the Contract Law. Freight forwarders shall sign transport contracts with the shipper and the carrier respectively to clarify their respective rights and obligations.



　　Sixteenth freight operators shall not carry goods prohibited by laws and administrative regulations.



　　For the goods that can be transported only after going through the relevant formalities according to laws and administrative regulations, the shipper of the goods shall go through the relevant formalities according to the provisions of the state, and the freight operator shall check and carry the relevant formalities with the vehicle.



　　Seventeenth freight operators to transport large objects, should develop a road transport organization plan, four large object carriers should submit the road transport organization plan demonstrated by experts to the relevant departments for the record. Involving transfinite transportation, it shall go through the relevant formalities such as the "Vehicle Pass for Transfinite Transportation" at the road administration institution with a copy of the road transport business license and the vehicle road transport certificate.



　　Article 18 Operators of dangerous goods transport shall establish a dispatching management system for dangerous goods transport, arrange qualified vehicles and personnel to transport dangerous goods according to the dispatching management system, and issue road dangerous goods waybills according to regulations.



　　Without the organization and dispatch of dangerous goods transport operators, dangerous goods transport vehicles shall not carry dangerous goods without authorization.



　　Article 19 When transporting dangerous goods, the vehicle shall carry a Road Transport Dangerous Goods Safety Card that meets the requirements of the rules for transporting dangerous goods by car and is consistent with the goods transported. Vehicles shall hang special signs for transporting dangerous goods in accordance with state regulations and transport them in strict accordance with the rules for transporting dangerous goods.



　　In case of accidents such as burning, explosion, pollution, poisoning, theft, loss, dispersion and leakage during the transportation of dangerous goods, drivers and escorts shall immediately report to the local public security department and their transportation enterprises.



　　Article 20 If a freight operator uses a vehicle registered in another province (municipality directly under the Central Government or autonomous region) and engages in freight business activities in our province for more than one month, he shall apply to the local county-level road transport management institution for filing formalities with the road transport certificate of the vehicle, receive the Registration Card for the Operation of Vehicles from Other Provinces in Sichuan, and pay fees according to the regulations of our province for management.



　　The "Record Card for the Operation of Vehicles from Other Provinces in Sichuan" shall be carried with the vehicle and used together with the road transport certificate of the vehicle.



　　Twenty-first operators should employ employees who meet the prescribed conditions, formulate annual training plans for employees, and regularly provide employees with safety and professional ethics education, business knowledge, operating procedures and emergency response training.



　　Operators of dangerous goods transport shall improve the recruitment, training, assessment, reward and punishment, elimination and other systems for drivers, escorts and handling management personnel of dangerous goods transport, and implement unified management for drivers.



　　The implementation of freight vehicle drivers, dangerous goods transport practitioners professional management and qualification management system. Drivers of freight vehicles and employees engaged in the transport of dangerous goods shall obtain corresponding qualifications in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and our province before they can engage in business.



　　Road transport management institutions shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and our province, implement professional management and qualification management system for freight vehicle drivers.



　　Twenty-second freight operators should strengthen safety management, equipped with full-time safety management personnel to adapt to the scale of operation.



　　Dangerous goods transport enterprises (units) shall be equipped according to the standard of 1 full-time safety management personnel for every 20 vehicles, and the minimum number of full-time safety management personnel shall not be less than 3.



　　Twenty-third road transport management institutions shall supervise and inspect the operating conditions and behaviors of operators. Operators shall accept the supervision and inspection of road transport management institutions.



　　Article 24 The road transport management institution shall establish a quality and credit evaluation system for freight operators, regularly evaluate their operating conditions, operating behaviors, safety management and service quality, and announce the results to the public. The evaluation results will serve as the basis for expanding the business scope of freight operators and rating freight enterprises.



　　Twenty-fifth dangerous goods transport operators shall purchase carrier liability insurance according to law.



　　Twenty-sixth road transport management institutions shall accept complaints about the quality of road freight transport and mediate quality disputes in accordance with the provisions of the contract of carriage of goods and relevant regulations.



　　Chapter IV Legal Liability



　　Twenty-seventh in violation of the provisions of these measures, one of the following acts, the road transport management institution at or above the county level shall order the operator to make corrections within a time limit, and may be fined from 200 yuan to 1000 yuan:



　　(1) Carrying goods that should be handled according to law but have not gone through the formalities of quasi-shipment;



　　(2) The transport operator of dangerous goods fails to issue the waybill of road dangerous goods as required;



　　(three) without the organization and dispatch of dangerous goods transport operators, dangerous goods transport vehicles carry dangerous goods without authorization;



　　(four) the vehicle carrying dangerous goods does not carry the "Road Transport Dangerous Goods Safety Card" which is consistent with the dangerous goods transported.



　　Twenty-eighth in violation of the provisions of these measures, one of the following acts, the road transport management institution at or above the county level shall order the operators to make corrections within a time limit, and if they refuse to make corrections, they may be fined from 200 yuan to 1000 yuan:



　　(a) the operator fails to train the employees according to the regulations;



　　(two) engaged in freight forwarding and freight stowage business, not to the road transport management agencies for the record.



　　Twenty-ninth in violation of the provisions of these measures, dangerous goods transport operators have one of the following major security risks, the road transport management institution at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections within a time limit and impose a fine of 20 thousand yuan or more and 50 thousand yuan or less; Failing to make corrections as required, the road transport business license shall be revoked by the original licensing authority:



　　(1) Failing to establish a dispatching management system for the transportation of dangerous goods as required;



　　(2) arranging unqualified vehicles to transport dangerous goods;



　　(3) arranging unqualified drivers, escorts and handling management personnel to engage in the transportation of dangerous goods;



　　(four) failing to provide safety management personnel in accordance with the provisions;



　　(five) there are other major security risks.



　　Thirtieth in violation of the provisions of these measures, the establishment of a branch company fails to apply for a copy of the road transport business license, and the road transport management institution at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections within a time limit and may impose a fine of not less than 3,000 yuan but not more than 10,000 yuan.



　　Thirty-first operators in violation of the provisions of these measures, other laws, regulations and rules have been punished, from its provisions.



　　Road transport management institutions in the supervision and inspection found unlicensed behavior or freight forwarders and freight stowage operators do not have the corresponding conditions are still engaged in related business, handed over to the administrative department for Industry and commerce for punishment.



　　Chapter V Supplementary Provisions



　　Article 32 The freight yard mentioned in these Measures refers to the comprehensive freight yard, container transfer station, logistics center, parking lot and other business places that provide paid services for the society with the functions of warehousing, storage, stowage, information service, loading and unloading, tally and so on.



　　The term freight forwarder as mentioned in these Measures refers to the business activities that operators are entrusted by others to provide transportation procedures, freight forwarding, freight forwarding and freight forwarding services.



　　The term "cargo stowage" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the business activities of providing vehicle and cargo information, assembling goods on behalf of the vehicle and assembling vehicles on behalf of the vehicle. The term "special transportation" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the transportation of goods by special vehicles such as containers, refrigeration and fresh-keeping equipment and tank containers.



　　Article 33 The identification and grading of large objects as mentioned in these Measures shall be carried out in accordance with the standards stipulated in the Measures for the Administration of Road Large Objects Transportation of the Ministry of Communications. Article 34 These Measures shall come into force as of May 25, 2007. On January 8, 1991, Sichuan Provincial People’s Government issued Order No.18, and on December 29, 1997, Sichuan Provincial People’s Government issued Order No.103, the Interim Measures for the Administration of Highway Freight Transportation in Sichuan Province was abolished at the same time.　


Listen! The supreme leader issued the strongest voice of reform and opening up in the new era.

"A country as big as ours should be ambitious."

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a higher goal for China’s development, formed a strategic arrangement from building a well-off society in an all-round way to basically realizing modernization and then building a socialist modernized power in an all-round way, and issued the strongest voice for realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The supreme leader said a popular truth — — "Great dreams are not to be waited for or shouted, but to be spelled out and done."

The nine "must persist" are the comprehensive and meticulous arrangements of the supreme leader for the reform and opening up journey in the new era.

First, we must uphold the party’s leadership over all work and constantly strengthen and improve the party’s leadership.

Second, we must persist in taking the people as the center and constantly realize people’s yearning for a better life.

Third, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism and constantly promote theoretical innovation based on practice.

Fourth, we must stick to the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and constantly adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Fifth, we must persist in perfecting and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system, and constantly give play to and enhance China’s institutional advantages.

Sixth, we must adhere to development as the top priority and constantly enhance China’s comprehensive national strength.

Seventh, we must persist in opening wider to the outside world and constantly promote the building of a community of human destiny.

Eighth, we must adhere to the strict administration of the party in an all-round way and constantly improve its creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness.

Ninth, we must adhere to the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism and correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability.

From "Although Zhou was an old country, its destiny was reformed" and "If the world was governed differently, it would be illegal for the country to be ancient" to "Great Harmony in the World" and "Harmony in All Nations", and then to "Heaven is strong, the gentleman strives for self-improvement, and the terrain is rich, and the gentleman carries things with virtue", the Chinese nation continues to move towards the future with the attitude of reform and opening up, which has a far-reaching historical origin and a profound cultural foundation.

Rooted in the deep soil of Chinese civilization, the supreme leader told the present from the past and encouraged the whole party and people of all nationalities. "Building a socialist modern power and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay race. We must run one after another, and every generation must run a good result for the next generation."

Looking back on December 18th, 1978, I stood on December 18th, 2018.

We should keep in mind the spirit of the important speech of General Secretary Supreme Leader, unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Supreme Leader as the core, hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission, carry out reform and opening up to the end, constantly realize the people’s yearning for a better life, and create new and greater miracles for the Chinese nation in the new era! Create new and greater miracles that make the world sit up and take notice! (Text/Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV)

Keep pace with the times, determine the reform objectives and tasks, and provide institutional guarantee for Chinese modernization

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "To further deepen the reform in an all-round way, we must closely focus on the theme of promoting Chinese modernization." The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Modernization (hereinafter referred to as "Decision"), which was deliberated and adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, drew a grand blueprint for further comprehensively deepening reform and opening up a broad prospect of Chinese modernization, defined the overall goal and main tasks of further comprehensively deepening reform, and led the reform and opening up to always advance in the right direction.

　　The historic leap of two epoch-making "Third Plenary Sessions"

　　The "Decision" clearly defined the importance and necessity of further deepening the reform in an all-round way, and emphasized the important historical position of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party and the Second Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Party: the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party was epoch-making and opened a new era of reform, opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee is also epoch-making, which has opened a new journey of comprehensively deepening reform, systematically designing and promoting reform in the new era, and created a new situation of China’s reform and opening up. This is of great significance for us to deeply understand and grasp the importance and necessity of further comprehensive deepening reform.

　　In the early days of reform and opening up, the development level of China’s productive forces was relatively low. The core task of reform is to liberate and develop productive forces, promote rapid economic development, improve people’s living standards and enhance the country’s economic strength as soon as possible. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "Poverty is not socialism" and "We should catch up with the times, which is the goal of reform". In the 1980s, the reform of household contract responsibility system in rural areas, the reform of enterprise contract system in cities and a series of reforms of price mechanism were all important measures to increase commodity factors and market factors and enhance incentive mechanism and economic vitality under the framework of planned economy system. Since then, the Third Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has made the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Economic System Reform", emphasizing that China has implemented a "planned commodity economy on the basis of public ownership"; The Third Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee made "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Issues Concerning the Establishment of a Socialist Market Economic System", emphasizing "making the market play a fundamental role in the allocation of resources under the macro-control of the state"; The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee made "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Issues of Perfecting the Socialist Market Economic System", emphasizing "giving full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation to a greater extent". Under the guidance of these programmatic reform documents, China’s reform revolves around establishing and improving the socialist market economic system.The reform of national macro-control mode, factor market, labor market, state-owned enterprises, fiscal and taxation system and social security system are all aimed at mobilizing the enthusiasm of individuals, enterprises and localities, liberating and developing productive forces and promoting sustained and rapid economic development.

　　The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee held in 2013 made "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform", aiming at implementing the strategic plan of the 18th CPC National Congress on comprehensively deepening reform. This plenary session made arrangements for comprehensively deepening the reform, and made it clear that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening the reform is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. At the same time, the plenary session emphasized that "the reform of economic system is the focus of comprehensively deepening reform, and the core issue is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market", and put forward an important new expression of "making the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources and giving better play to the role of the government". Since then, China’s reform has embarked on a new journey of deepening the reform in an all-round way with the emphasis on deepening the economic system reform and promoting the reform through overall system design. It not only emphasizes the liberation and development of productive forces, but also emphasizes the improvement and development of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.

　　This epoch-making change has a profound realistic background and concept guidance. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, some deep-seated institutional problems and barriers to solidification of interests have become increasingly apparent, and reform has entered a critical period and deep water areas. It has become the common requirement of the whole society to comprehensively deepen reform, solve problems and promote development. For example, getting rid of poverty, promoting common prosperity, promoting environmental protection and ecological construction are all major issues that need to be solved urgently. If these problems are not solved, it will not only affect the realization of the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, but also affect the people’s sense of happiness and security. Therefore, it is necessary to put it on the important agenda, push forward the reform with real guns and knives, highlight the system construction, and constantly promote the self-improvement and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system. At the same time, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and development is still the key to solving all our problems. Therefore, we must further emancipate our minds, emancipate and develop social productive forces, emancipate and enhance social vitality, resolutely get rid of the shortcomings of various institutional mechanisms, and strive to open up broader prospects for the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　Promoting three "better adaptations" can provide institutional guarantee for Chinese modernization.

　　Further deepening the reform in an all-round way is not only a continuation of the practice of comprehensively deepening the reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, but also a new chapter in the era of promoting Chinese modernization in the new journey. The overall goal of further comprehensive deepening reform proposed in the Decision is to continue to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and in the "guiding ideology of further comprehensive deepening reform", it is proposed that "the relations of production and productivity, superstructure and economic base, national governance and social development should be better adapted to provide a strong impetus and institutional guarantee for Chinese modernization". Promoting three "better adaptations" is an important expression in the Decision. It is not only the progress of the reform goals of the past two landmark Third Plenary Sessions, but also a high summary of the situation and tasks facing the next reform based on building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way. In particular, "better adaptation of state governance and social development" is an important new formulation of this plenary session, which embodies the governance concept and requirements that match the new situation and new tasks in the new era of modernization.

　　Continuing to emancipate and develop productive forces requires simultaneous efforts to make the relations of production and productive forces, superstructure and economic base better adapt. To liberate and develop productive forces, we should not only "break" but also "establish". We still have many shortcomings to fill in the system construction. The "Decision" proposes to improve the basic system of market economy, including property rights system, market access system, social credit system and supervision system. These are the basic guarantees for the effective operation of the socialist market economy, including many important new requirements. For example, it is proposed to protect the economic property rights of all kinds of ownership equally and for a long time according to law. The expression "long-term" highlights that protecting the economic property rights of all kinds of ownership is not an expedient measure and will not change, giving all kinds of investors and entrepreneurs long-term confidence and expectations. For another example, in the part of building a unified national market and improving the macroeconomic governance system, many contents of institutional mechanism construction are put forward. For another example, private enterprises are required to build a system, and support and guide private enterprises to improve their governance structure and management system, and strengthen enterprise compliance construction and integrity risk prevention and control.

　　In view of the primary task of high-quality development, the Decision has deployed a number of reform tasks. At present, the incentive and restraint mechanism to promote high-quality development is still not perfect, and it faces many institutional and institutional obstacles and bottlenecks, which need to be solved by further comprehensively deepening reforms. For example, in the operation of the market, we have made great efforts to encourage entry into the market, but the institutional arrangements for exit from the market are still not perfect, which is not conducive to the market to play the role of survival of the fittest and improve the quality of development. The "Decision" proposes to improve the enterprise bankruptcy mechanism, explore the establishment of an individual bankruptcy system, promote the reform of enterprise cancellation, and improve the enterprise withdrawal system. Only by successfully eliminating the low-efficiency and low-competitiveness productive forces can we really promote the agglomeration of various advanced production factors to the development of new quality productive forces, greatly improve the total factor productivity, and provide new endogenous motivation and institutional guarantee for high-quality development.

　　To solve outstanding problems, we should not only persevere and overcome difficulties, but also establish rules and regulations and form long-term institutional mechanisms. This is because the reform measures to deal with outstanding problems often involve stock adjustment, and the interest relationship is complicated, which will inevitably encounter difficulties and challenges. Standardizing the order of income distribution and promoting common prosperity involves not only the problem of making a big cake and dividing it well, but also the problem of initial distribution and redistribution. Different subjects are in different positions, and their views are inconsistent. In addition, changes in economic development speed, capital flow tendency, local government preferences and other situations will affect the income distribution pattern. In view of the outstanding problems, the "Decision" insists on solving them by promoting institutional arrangements. For example, it is proposed to improve the tax system that is conducive to high-quality development, social equity and market unity, and optimize the tax structure, which has clearly defined the direction and measures for deepening the reform of the fiscal and taxation system. For another example, it is proposed to standardize the laws and regulations of local investment promotion, and it is strictly forbidden to give preferential policies in violation of laws and regulations. This is an institutional constraint on local investment promotion by building a unified national market.

　　Social progress brings diversified demands, which requires better adaptation between national governance and social development. Promoting "better adaptation between state governance and social development" is an important new formulation in the Decision, which embodies our Party’s profound understanding and grasp of new problems and challenges arising in the process of economic development and social progress. With the improvement of China’s economic development level and national education level, how to correctly handle the relationship between social vitality and social order is very important. Both practice and theory show that the period of modernization development is a period of simultaneous increase of social vitality and unstable factors. For example, the development of education has improved people’s literacy rate and education level, and increased the influence of the media on people. As people’s horizons are higher and farther, their expectations will continue to grow and expand, which is likely to exceed their ability to meet these expectations. Another example is that economic development will increase the geographical mobility of population, make the distribution of population and resources more balanced, and at the same time break the original social stability mechanism. With the increase of the population flowing from rural areas to cities, if the relevant supporting services can’t keep up, it will not be able to better meet the people’s expectations of integrating into cities. The "Decision" has made many major reforms and arrangements for these new problems, and proposed to improve the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development, promote the equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, narrow the differences between urban and rural areas, and promote the common prosperity and development of urban and rural areas; We will implement the system of providing basic public services by registered permanent residence accounts,Promote qualified agricultural transfer population social insurance, housing security, compulsory education for accompanying children, etc. to enjoy the same rights as the registered population in the place of migration, and accelerate the urbanization of agricultural transfer population; Wait a minute. To further comprehensively deepen reform, while giving consideration to fairness and efficiency, we should also give better consideration to vitality and order, and promote better adaptation between national governance and social development.

　　To properly handle the relationship between state governance and social development, it is necessary to promote the whole society to be both vibrant and orderly in the process of profound and complicated social progress and change. Therefore, we should make great efforts in system construction to meet the people’s growing needs in democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security and environment, and form a normalized system and mechanism to coordinate social interests, guard against social risks, resolve social contradictions and maintain social stability. This puts forward new requirements for the ability and level of protecting citizens’ rights, maintaining social justice and maintaining social security. For example, the "Decision" proposes to establish a minor criminal record sealing system, which is a concrete reform measure of the criminal justice system, highlighting the important concept of the state to strengthen judicial protection of human rights, especially to protect the legitimate rights and interests of people at fault, and is of great significance for minimizing social opposites and turning negative factors into positive ones. There are many reforms and arrangements in the Decision that reflect the new pattern of economic development, the new concept of social progress, and the new requirements of the people, all in order to let the people experience the level of national governance that matches the modern country from one specific reform measure.

　　In a word, there are many major theoretical innovations in the Decision. These innovations are based on an accurate grasp of the historical position of further deepening the reform in an all-round way, a deep understanding of the relationship between the China characteristics of Chinese modernization and the general laws of modernization, and a foresight of the new opportunities and challenges that may be faced in the modernization journey. They are another important document with symbolic and groundbreaking significance in the history of China’s reform and opening up. The comprehensive implementation of the major reform tasks proposed in the Decision will certainly provide a strong impetus and a solid institutional guarantee for promoting Chinese modernization.

　　(The author is a professor at China Academy of Social Sciences)

Is it still difficult for primary and secondary school teachers to break through the ＂New Deal for Professional Titles＂ and evaluate their professional titles？

　　"I am now a second-level teacher, and I can participate in the selection of the first level after five years of the second level." Wang Zan (pseudonym) is a Chinese teacher in a primary school in Beijing. She has not been working for a long time and is planning her career.

　　The post grade of teachers mentioned by Wang Zan is what the society usually calls job title evaluation and employment.

　　For a long time, the evaluation and appointment of professional titles has attracted the attention of primary and secondary school teachers. The level of professional titles is not only related to teachers’ personal income, but also the recognition of teachers’ own professional ability. However, because the previous policy stipulated the proportion of post structure of different teacher ranks, the competition of professional title evaluation of primary and secondary school teachers was very fierce.

　　Recently, with the issuance of "Guiding Opinions on Further Improving the Management of Post Setting in Primary and Secondary Schools" by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Education (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), many people expect that the "New Deal" will improve the situation that has plagued primary and secondary school teachers for many years.

　　More primary and secondary school teachers will have the opportunity to evaluate senior titles.

　　Sunya works in a teacher training school in a city in northern China. She is a teaching and research fellow of Chinese in primary schools. The introduction of the "New Deal for Professional Titles" made this old teaching and research researcher with 30 years of service extremely excited.

　　"The biggest impact of this" Opinion "on primary and secondary school teachers is that more teachers will have the opportunity to evaluate senior titles." Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the China Academy of Educational Sciences, said.

　　The reporter from Zhongqingbao. com combed the previous policies: in 2015, the state reformed the title system of primary and secondary school teachers, changing the original independent title system of middle school and primary school teachers. After unification, the titles of primary and secondary school teachers include three-level teachers, two-level teachers, first-level teachers, senior teachers and full-level teachers, among which senior teachers and senior teachers correspond to senior titles, first-level teachers correspond to intermediate titles, and second-level teachers and third-level teachers correspond to junior teachers.

　　Chu Zhaohui believes that the Opinions clearly put forward that the post grade setting of primary and secondary school teachers is divided into high, middle and primary, and the post structure ratio of high, middle and primary schools is no longer uniformly stipulated at the national level, but on the basis of clear and reasonable allocation requirements, the provincial human resources and social security departments are authorized to scientifically set up the post structure of primary and secondary schools in conjunction with the education administrative departments, and appropriately optimize and adjust the post structure ratio of primary and secondary schools.

　　According to the "Opinions", after the implementation of this year’s "New Deal for Professional Titles", all provinces can calculate, allocate and manage teachers’ post ranks in counties. That is to say, the proportion of junior, intermediate and senior teachers and how to allocate them will be determined by each province according to the actual situation of the province. At the same time, the "New Deal for Professional Titles" gives a reference ratio for the number of senior professional titles: during the "14 th Five-Year Plan" period, the number of full and senior teachers will be controlled within five thousandths of the total number of primary and secondary school teachers in China.

　　More young teachers are expected to break through the career "ceiling"

　　"For primary and secondary school teachers, the limitation of the proportion of professional titles is like the ceiling of a career. The development of many young people is stuck there and can’t move for many years." Sun Ya said.

　　The teachers interviewed by the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network all mentioned what Teacher Sun called the "ceiling".

　　"Many young teachers in the school are second-level teachers. The first level has long been occupied by the old teachers, and the old teachers have done a good job, but it is difficult to go up, so many young teachers can’t identify the first level." The headmaster of a middle school in Beijing, who did not want to be named, said that young teachers who are newly recruited now have high academic qualifications. After joining the job, they will soon get junior titles, and it will be difficult to evaluate the upward titles. Many school leaders are worried about how to motivate young people’s enthusiasm.

　　Restrictions are not only reflected in schools.

　　Because of her excellent work, Sunya was rated as a municipal backbone teacher in her city as early as around 2000. A few years later, many backbone teachers similar to herself have been rated as "academic leaders", but Sunya has been in the "backbone" team for more than ten years, "because we require here ‘ Academic leader ’ A ‘ Hard leverage ’ It must be a senior professional title. " However, there are only two places with senior titles in the school, and Sunya did not win it.

　　Because there are too few places, there are also many "strange phenomena" in the process of evaluating and appointing primary and secondary school teachers. In many first-and second-tier cities, it happens from time to time that teachers find ways to evaluate their professional titles.

　　"Many teachers don’t really admire those ‘ Leader ’ Or ‘ Premium ’ 。” A teacher from a middle school in Beijing told the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network that some people are relatives of a leader and are "taken care of" when evaluating their professional titles; Others are good at making connections from top to bottom, and even some "academic leaders" are known for their wide connections.

　　Another phenomenon has appeared in schools in some counties and towns.

　　"We are a county-level school, and there are 143 teachers in the school, including 64 with intermediate titles. Because one of the conditions for entering the city exam is that you need to have five years of teaching experience, there are more vacancies in rural schools with intermediate titles, and some towns and villages still have inexhaustible phenomena, so many teachers are admitted to the county schools only after evaluating the intermediate titles." Han Zhouxing, Siyuan Experimental Middle School in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, said that there are already six teachers with senior titles in the school. In this way, teachers with intermediate titles can’t get on, and the number of places with intermediate titles is not vacant. There are more than 70 teachers with junior titles in the school who want to compete for intermediate titles. "So the competition between senior and intermediate titles is very fierce."

　　Chu Zhaohui introduced that in order to solve these problems, some schools have adopted the method of "local food stamps". The so-called "local food stamp" means that teachers in this school will be treated with a higher professional title, but after leaving this school, this treatment will be gone, and it will still be treated according to the professional title level recognized by the local education authorities.

　　The middle school principal, who did not want to be named, expected: "This ‘ New Deal ’ It can really be put in place, break this restriction, and let more young people grow rapidly. "

　　"Being able to go up and down, being able to enter and exit" continues to motivate and put an end to "lying flat"

　　In recent years, many places and schools have been as fair and transparent as possible in the evaluation and appointment of teachers’ professional titles. "There are still quite a lot of stages displayed by teachers." Han Zhouxing said, for example, governments at all levels evaluate the best first, activities and events organized by teaching and research offices and audio-visual classrooms, and the declaration of topics, and so on.

　　A history teacher in a middle school in Beijing introduced that his school adopts the "points system", and teachers will get different points for winning prizes in various "awards" and "appraising excellent students", as well as points for class teachers and publishing papers. Finally, all participating teachers should be democratically evaluated.

　　However, process justice alone is not enough.

　　Some teachers are "flat" after their professional titles are promoted. "It is said that the physics teacher in my baby’s class is particularly good. Last year, she was also rated as the academic leader in the city. However, less than a month after the start of school, the teacher has been asked by his classmates several times in class. Many children suspect that the teacher did not prepare lessons at all. As a last resort, the students in the class can only go to the next class to answer questions from the teacher." A parent in Beijing told the reporter of China Youth Daily and China Youth Network.

　　"Professional title evaluation is an important factor affecting teachers’ enthusiasm for work, and it will also put greater pressure on teachers." Chu Zhaohui said, "What are the criteria for the selection of teachers’ professional titles? Can the standards of different schools and different regions be consistent? Are the rights of teachers in different schools equal and fair after obtaining the same rank? These are deeper problems. "

　　The "New Deal for Professional Titles" responded to these problems. For example, the Opinions mentioned that it is necessary to "follow the law of the growth and development of primary and secondary school teachers, innovate post management policies and measures, broaden career development channels, stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of primary and secondary school teachers, and further strengthen the construction of primary and secondary school teachers". It also puts forward that we should adhere to classified policies and hierarchical management, set posts according to events, streamline efficiency, be scientific and standardized, and combine evaluation and engagement, pay equal attention to incentives and constraints, give full play to the main role of schools in employing people, improve the assessment system, strengthen post-employment management, reward the excellent and punish the poor, establish the orientation of attaching importance to teachers’ morality, ability, performance and contribution, and build a flexible employment mechanism in which personnel can go up and down, enter and leave.

　　It is precisely because the post structure of teachers’ ranks involves not only the immediate interests of teachers, but also how to balance between urban and rural areas and between developed and backward areas. Chu Zhaohui said that it is urgent to establish a more scientific, fair and objective professional evaluation mechanism for primary and secondary school titles, so that teachers’ professional title evaluation and right use can be regulated. (Zhongqing Daily, Zhongqing.com reporter Fan Weichen)

India wants to build a space station in 2035, and ＂procrastination＂ may not be completed on time.

A few days ago, Somanath, chairman of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), revealed the latest progress and plans of India’s manned space program at a conference jointly sponsored by Indian Surveying and Mapping Society (ISG) and Remote Sensing Society (ISRS), among which the development plan of India’s manned space station in the future attracted the most attention.

With the advancement of India’s "Gaganyaan" manned spacecraft program, India’s manned space station program will also be put on the agenda. It is planned to launch and deploy the first verification module of the space station around 2028 and build the Indian space station in 2035 — — Bharatiya Antariksha Station。 So, what is the level of the Indian space station?

The space station model announced by India.

India’s manned space flight: struggling to move forward

Manned space flight is an important symbol to measure a country’s comprehensive strength today. For India, which wants to become a "great country with great sound and color", manned space flight is obviously a plus item. In 1984, through international cooperation with the Soviet Union, the Indian Space Research Organization sent India’s first astronaut Sharma into space. He took the Soyuz T-11 spacecraft to the Salute 7 space station and made a space flight for 7 days, 21 hours and 40 minutes.

Borrowing a ship to the sky is just a pathfinding move to develop the ability of autonomous manned space flight. The ultimate goal is to send Indians into space by their own rockets and spacecraft. But India has lacked the necessary space capability for a long time, and even mature and reliable rockets did not exist before the 21st century — — It is the 21st century that the PSLV rocket independently developed by India has reached a mature and reliable state. Although the carrying capacity of the PSLV rocket is enough to launch a spacecraft of the same level as the American Mercury, the Indian Space Research Organization has long been in contact with the Soyuz spacecraft, and it is obvious that it will not "go backwards" to develop a spacecraft with a lower technical level like Mercury. The launch mass of Soyuz spacecraft is 6.8 tons, while the capacity of GSLV MK II rocket in low-earth orbit is 6 tons. It is rumored that India had planned to launch a manned spacecraft with two crew members with GSLV MK II rocket, but the performance of GSLV MK II rocket also made India a little disappointed — — Achieving maturity is something after 2010.

Although the manned space program has not been formally approved by the state, in order to promote the manned space program, the Indian Space Research Organization began to accumulate the technology and experience of manned space engineering in advance. In January, 2007, the Indian Space Research Organization launched a test module named Space Capsule Return Test (SRE). SRE-1 is just a simple return module. After being launched by PSLV rocket, it flew in low earth orbit for about a week, and then re-entered and landed on the sea surface of the Bay of Bengal. The Indian Space Research Organization has broken through the reentry technology of manned spacecraft through the SRE-1 return module, and the thermal protection tiles of the thermal protection system can be reused.

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) subsequently proposed to launch a manned spaceflight project, and planned to send Indians into space by 2015. However, this plan did not receive strong support from the Indian government, and the Indian government only approved a budget of 20 million US dollars for technical pre-research. ISRO can only continue to tackle technical problems first. In 2008, the Indian Space Research Organization decided to build an astronaut training center in Bangalore, and developed spacesuits inside and outside the cabin. It also prepared for the construction of a manned space mission control center and attempted to build a special manned space launch station at the Sri Harikota launch site. In 2012, India’s "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" was announced, and the manned space program has not yet been approved, which means that India’s manned space program was officially launched after 2017 at the earliest.

With the maturity of the GSLV MK II rocket and the successful development of the new generation GSLV MK III/LVM3 rocket, on December 18th, 2014, the Indian Space Research Organization carried out the suborbital test flight of LVM3 and launched the manned module for atmospheric re-entry experiment (CARE). The CARE manned module, weighing about 3.7 tons, is a full-scale test module of the manned spacecraft in the future. It was accelerated to a speed of 5.3 km/s and re-entered, and many key subsystems such as navigation, guidance and control and thermal protection were tested. Of course, such a large return capsule also means that the GSLV MK II rocket can only "look at the ship and sigh", and it is necessary to use the LVM3 rocket with greater capacity to launch a manned spacecraft. In addition, India has also carried out airdrop and water splash tests of manned return capsule, and the development of service capsule of spacecraft has also made progress. Indian Space Research Organization directly developed the service capsule of manned spacecraft on the basis of the fourth stage of PSLV rocket.

In 2017, the Indian Space Research Organization began to implement the manned space program, and successfully completed the launch pad escape test in 2018. On August 15, 2018, on the National Day of India, Indian Prime Minister Modi officially announced the manned space program called Gaganyaan. At that time, it was planned that the project budget would total 100 billion rupees (about 1.35 billion US dollars) in the next seven years. The Indian Space Research Organization also disclosed that the manned spacecraft is a typical two-cabin spacecraft with a total weight of about 7 tons. They plan to transport three members for a 5-7-day flight in 2021. The Indian Space Research Organization also sent astronauts to Russia for training, and established a ground station in Australia through international cooperation to support future manned flights.

However, with the development of the spacecraft, the plan has not changed quickly. The manned return module has become a large manned module with a weight of 5.3 tons, while the service module has a weight of 2.9 tons, and the total weight of the spacecraft has increased to 8.2 tons. The Gaganyaan spacecraft will be sent into a circular orbit with a height of 400 kilometers by a LVM3 rocket that has passed the manned certification. The Indian Space Research Organization obviously underestimated the engineering difficulty of manned spaceflight. Coupled with the impact of the epidemic, the first hot test of the manned version of the rocket Vikas was carried out in July 2021, the main parachute airdrop test was carried out in 2022, the parachute test was completed in August 2023, and the spacecraft escape test was carried out on October 21 of the same year. Like most space programs in India, the manned space program is also plagued by "procrastination". The first unmanned launch of Indian manned spacecraft has been postponed to 2024, and the first manned flight plan will be realized in 2025.

Manned space station: a vision full of variables

There is a saying in the aerospace field: shipbuilding is for building a station, and building a station is for application. Manned spacecraft is only the first step of manned spaceflight project. Manned spaceflight is to serve space applications after all, and space station is an essential infrastructure for large-scale space science and applications. Although India has not yet launched a manned spacecraft, it has already carried out the pre-research work of a manned space station.

In 2018, India’s manned spaceflight project was officially approved. In June 2019, Sivan, chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, revealed that India is preparing to develop and launch a space station in the next stage. It is said that the Indian Space Research Organization will launch a 20-ton single-cabin space station with the class of "Salute VII" around 2030, support short-term space stay of 15-20 days, and carry out space microgravity scientific experiments. Manned space engineering technology covers a wide range, among which rendezvous and docking is an indispensable key technology, and the Indian version of Salute VII space station should also break through the mastery of space rendezvous and docking. In 2019, Indian media reported that the Indian Space Research Organization had started research on space docking technology as early as 2017, and two small satellites would be launched in the future to carry out space docking experiment (SPADEX).

In 2021, at the Global Space Exploration Conference (GLEX 2021), Swan, chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, mentioned that India will develop a manned space station in the future to achieve long-term orbital residency. In his slide show, the core module of the space station is docked with two Gaganyaan spacecraft, and there are two suspected experimental modules. The core module also has a mechanical arm and an airlock module, and the performance index is greatly improved compared with the original "Salute" series of space stations. According to public information, the Gaganyaan spacecraft, which had planned to make its first flight at the end of 2021, was postponed to 2023, but in 2022, President Swan continued to say that this larger and more complex space station would be built around 2030.

In 2022, the Indian Space Research Organization showed a new space station model. This space station named the microgravity experimental manned orbital space station (HOME) consists of a service module, a residence module, a propulsion module and an inflatable module. It is exaggerated that there are not only three conventional modules, but also two inflatable modules on the HOME model, and four Gaganyaan spacecraft have been docked! However, considering that the Indian manned spacecraft has not yet been launched, the Indian Space Research Organization mainly focuses on the manned spacecraft, and the various manned space station configurations on display are of little reference value. In the future, with the implementation of India’s manned spaceflight project and the changes of India’s economic development and government support, the design scheme of the space station will be revised at any time. In an interview, Somanat, the newly appointed chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization in 2023, said that the Gaganyaan plan aims to achieve independent space flight capability. Once the manned space flight capability is broken, the space station plan will be implemented in the next 20 to 25 years. The space station has been identified as the main goal of the Indian Space Research Organization in the next decade. Judging from the available information, the Indian Space Station is no longer an imitation of Salute VII, but a typical multi-module space station.

The design of the Indian Space Station is also constantly changing. In November 2023, the chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, Somanat, presented a slide at the conference. It is planned to use Gaganyaan spacecraft to carry a small inflatable capsule in 2026-2028, test the deployment technology of the inflatable capsule in orbit, and then conduct the rendezvous and docking test in orbit. He also mentioned that the Indian Space Station includes three cabins, namely, living cabin, command and propulsion cabin and inflatable cabin. The total mass of the space station is about 25 tons, and the construction of the space station will be completed around 2035. The Indian manned space station has not been formally established. Whether it is the completion time in 2035, the total mass of 25 tons, or the design configuration of the three cabins, it is obviously uncertain. The Indian space station plan will continue to change.

According to the information released by the Indian Space Research Organization, Gaganyaan spacecraft will be launched by LVM3 rocket. In the existing scheme, the space station module will also be launched by LVM3 rocket, and the low-earth orbit capacity of LVM3 rocket is only about 10 tons, which may be the key to the total mass of the three-cabin space station being only 25 tons.

The first flight of LVM3 rocket in 2017 is not the end of the development of Indian launch vehicle. The Indian Space Research Organization is improving and upgrading the LVM3 rocket, and plans to increase the synchronous transfer orbit capacity of the rocket from 4 tons to 6-6.5 tons, and the corresponding near-earth orbit capacity can also reach about 15 tons. In addition, India is still developing a new generation of rocket NGLV, which will replace the existing launch vehicles such as PSLV, GSLV and LVM3. The NGLV rocket has a capacity of 20 tons in low-earth orbit and is scheduled to make its first flight around 2030.

Somanat, chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, also said that NGLV rockets will be used to support future commercial launches, deep space exploration and manned space missions, and the current 25-ton space station may be an expedient measure. With the development of NGLV rockets, the Indian Space Research Organization is likely to develop 20-ton cabins and build a large permanent space station with three or more cabins. The Indian space station plan looks ambitious, but there are still many key technologies that need to be broken through, and it is likely that, like most Indian space programs, it will not be completed on time. Moreover, many Indian space programs are ambitious and divorced from India’s space industry and technical level, and the actual results are quite different from PPT.

Hurricane Florence is about to hit the United States, and experts are worried about nuclear power plants or current leakage accidents.

　　　　　　 CCTV News:According to the forecast, Hurricane Florence may land on the east coast of the United States in the early morning of the 15th Eastern Time, and will move to the southwest. According to a spokesman for Duke Energy, the six nuclear power plants operated by the company are in the moving path of Hurricane Florence. At present, the company is ready to deal with the hurricane.

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Hurricane Florence

　　　　　　 Duke Energy said that the six nuclear power plants operated by the company are currently very safe and the public need not worry. The company will start the shutdown procedure at least two hours before Hurricane Florence lands on the east coast of the United States. According to officials of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Federal Emergency Management Agency is not worried about the safety of these nuclear power plants, because first of all, these nuclear power plants have undergone a series of reinforcement and can withstand hurricane attacks. Secondly, if these nuclear power plants are flooded, the internal emergency generators and pumps will also start pumping operations to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants. The official said that at present, these nuclear power plants have no potential safety hazards, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency will follow up and monitor the situation of these nuclear power plants.

　　　　　　 However, some local experts are worried about this. Experts said that the Brunswick nuclear power plant, one of the six nuclear power plants, is one of the closest nuclear power plants to Hurricane Florence. The two nuclear reactors of the nuclear power plant have the same design as those of the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan, which suffered a leakage accident due to the earthquake and tsunami. Although the relevant agencies said that the nuclear power plant had been strengthened safely, the specific situation was not announced to the public. Therefore, if Hurricane Florence caused heavy rains and floods, it is still unknown whether the Brunswick nuclear power plant can safely cope with these situations.

The picture shows the disaster relief scene of Fukushima nuclear power plant accident.

The picture shows the disaster relief scene of Fukushima nuclear power plant accident.

　　　　　　 In addition to concerns about the safety of nuclear power plants, the pollution that Hurricane Florence may cause has also attracted much attention.

　　　　　　 According to the US Environmental Protection Department, Hurricane Florence may bring environmental disaster to the local area after landing on the east coast of the United States. According to the department, the rainstorm and flood caused by the hurricane may wash toxic waste and cinder into local residents’ homes, and even flow into the groundwater system, polluting local water sources.

　　　　　　 At present, the department is closely monitoring the situation of several toxic waste treatment plants and more than 20 cinder treatment plants in the hurricane-hit areas. Relevant areas are taking measures, including opening the reservoir and releasing water, to avoid environmental disasters caused by Hurricane Florence.

How do 16-year-olds from Sichuan smuggle into Dubai？ Expert： The airport’s heavy precautions have all failed.

16-year-old boy Xu.

CCTV news client news on June 17,On June 15th, the Civil Aviation Administration made an appointment with Shanghai Airport (Group) Co., Ltd. regarding the illegal invasion of the control area of Shanghai Pudong Airport. The Civil Aviation Administration has decided to conduct a special air defense safety assessment of Shanghai Pudong Airport, during which it will stop accepting domestic applications for overtime, charter flights and new routes, and will also impose administrative penalties on Shanghai International Airport Co., Ltd. according to law.Then it is reported that this is the first time that the Civil Aviation Administration has made an administrative appointment for relevant personnel because of air defense safety issues. So what happened to this air defense incident at Shanghai Pudong Airport?

16-year-old boy hiding in luggage compartment and smuggling into Dubai

Xu, a 16-year-old boy from Bazhong, Sichuan, decided to try his luck in Dubai after listening to the news that beggars in Dubai earn 470,000 yuan a month. According to the introduction of the Consulate General of China in Dubai, on the evening of May 26th, Xu climbed over the wall of Shanghai Pudong Airport and found Emirates flight EK303 from Shanghai to Dubai on the tarmac. While the staff were not looking, he sneaked into the cargo hold of the passenger plane.

At 0 o’clock on the 27th, the plane took off. After more than nine hours’ flight, Xu arrived in Dubai. However, he didn’t even get off the plane, and his dream of making a fortune was broken. When the local staff unloaded the luggage, they found Xu who was hiding in the container, and then called the police to hand over Xu to the police.

Xu was later detained by the local police on suspicion of illegal entry and endangering the safety of public aircraft. After that, the prosecution initiated judicial proceedings, and local Chinese lawyer Mian Jinlong provided translation and judicial assistance for Xu.

On the same day, the Consulate General of China in Dubai, after receiving the police notification, immediately rushed to the scene to understand the situation and started the consular protection procedure.

Ma Xuliang, Acting Consul General of the Consulate General of China in Dubai, said that according to the local laws of the United Arab Emirates, Xu may face two criminal charges of endangering aviation safety and illegal entry. However, because Xu was a minor, on June 6th, the local procuratorate in Dubai decided not to prosecute Xu and sent him back to Shanghai, China directly.

In addition, according to media reports, because Xu is a minor, at present, the Shanghai police have decided to "detain, not execute" him.

There are many checkpoints at the airport. How do teenagers find loopholes and get into the cabin?

Schematic diagram.

Shanghai Pudong International Airport, one of the three major international airports in China, covers an area of 40 square kilometers, with 218 parking spaces and 149 square meters of tarmac. According to the statistics of 2014, the annual passenger throughput is more than 51.66 million passengers. In 2015, Shanghai Pudong Airport was ranked among the top 100 major airports in the world. How can such a large airport easily let a 16-year-old boy complete such a fantastic trip?

With the dream of making big money, Xu bid farewell to his parents and came to Shanghai from Jiangsu alone. On May 26th, Xu rented a house from Japan and took the subway line 2 to Shanghai Pudong Airport directly. The highest fare for the whole journey was only 11 yuan, which was all the expenses for his trip to Dubai.

How did a 16-year-old boy break through numerous barriers, enter the tarmac of the airport and get into the cargo hold of the plane without buying a plane ticket, security check and customs clearance?

According to Xu’s memory, on the night of the incident, he approached the fence of the airport by climbing a big tree for eight to ten meters, and then slipped into the airport from the fence of the airport.

After a long observation, Xu identified the plane flying to Dubai. The plane parked on the tarmac, with the hatch open and no staff guarding it, Xu easily climbed in along the ladder in the cargo hold. He knew nothing about whether there was danger in the cargo hold and whether there was enough oxygen after take-off. Xu told the lawyer that he just felt very cold at that time. He used some textile things in the luggage compartment as quilt covers and went to Dubai after a sleep.

Li Jian, deputy director of the Civil Aviation Administration: This matter is serious in nature and has a bad influence.

A brief review of this China teenager’s bizarre journey. He started on May 26th, illegally entered the cargo hold of the Emirates plane, then set off from Shanghai in the early morning of the next day, arrived in Dubai nine hours later, and returned to Shanghai on June 7th. Then if outsiders see such a process, they will think that he is really capable and full of strange things. But in fact, it is far from the case. If we look at this matter from the perspective of air defense, we will find that there are dangers inside. soIn the words of Li Jian, deputy director of the Civil Aviation Administration, it is eight words: serious in nature and bad in influence.

In the process of observing this incident, people were surprised and obviously frightened. Why do you say that? becauseThe child broke through three obstacles in a short series of processes.

First, he climbed a big tree, observed it for a while, then skipped the boundary and jumped into it. At this point, the first pass has passed. Next, he will pass through the airport control area, and he will pass through such a control area while no one is paying attention. Similarly, the second lane is closed. In Sandao Pass, when he saw this Emirates Airlines plane parked here and loading goods, he got in while people were not looking. At this time, the first Sandao Pass also passed.

Just 12 years before the 16-year-old Xu sneaked into Dubai, on November 11, 2004, two teenagers sneaked into the landing gear cabin of a passenger plane flying from Kunming to Chongqing. One unfortunately fell to death on the spot when the plane took off, and the other miraculously flew to Chongqing Jiangbei Airport.

Only half a year later, a similar incident happened in Dunhuang. In May 2005, when a passenger plane of China Eastern Airlines took off at Dunhuang Airport, a boy fell from the landing gear cabin and died.

Sneaking into the tarmac, sneaking into the landing gear cabin, and the airport were identified as having the main responsibility. This time, it happened again at Shanghai Pudong Airport.

Every time such an incident happens, there will be a big discussion about flight safety. What worries the public is that only teenagers have sneaked in these times. What if they are malicious people?

On July 26th last year, there was an arson with a knife in the air on a flight from Taizhou.

The flight attendants and passengers on the flight on the same day were surrounded. After a few minutes of confrontation between the two sides, the man not only did not put down the lighter, but took out a long knife of more than 20 centimeters. Less than five minutes after the plane made an emergency landing, the man once again rushed into the first class and lit the newspaper. After the incident, Taizhou Airport, which exposed security loopholes, was ordered to suspend business for more than a month and carry out security rectification. And a series of related personnel were dismissed.

[Expert Q&A]

What are the safety problems exposed by juvenile smuggling? How to supervise air defense safety?

Q: A 16-year-old boy has entered the cargo hold of an airplane. What is the danger it brings?

Huang Quan, Associate Professor of civil aviation university of china Law School:Fortunately, this teenager is not a terrorist.One problem discovered from this incident is that all three preventive measures against such incidents at civil aviation airports have failed.-the boundary of the airport, he turned over; The security personnel in the airport control area did not find it; The airline security personnel did not find it; The camera’s monitoring didn’t find it, and no one found this problem, so this danger is very great.

Q: What kind of responsibility should Shanghai Airport bear in this respect?

Huang Quan:The key depends on whether the enterprise security plan has been implemented in this process. If it is strictly implemented, it means that there is a problem with the security plan. If it is not strictly implemented, it will bear direct responsibility.

Q: In this incident, apart from the obvious responsibility of Shanghai Airport, what other relevant departments have failed in their duties?

Huang Quan:In addition to the responsibility of enterprises to independently implement the security plan, another issue that we can’t avoid is whether the administrative organ has assumed the regulatory responsibility. If the administrative organ once found the problem but did not ask for rectification, it is that the regulatory responsibility of the administrative organ is not in place. If the administrative organ repeatedly emphasizes in the daily security audit administrative inspection and asks the enterprise to rectify, but the enterprise neglects these problems, then the administrative organ should not be responsible at this time.

Q: In terms of air defense safety, what are the difficulties if we want to strengthen supervision now?

Huang Quan:At present, the common problem in safety supervision is the serious shortage of shipping supervision power. After the localization of the airport, the airport public security was also placed under the local government. Civil aviation has lost this team that can assist in daily supervision and crack down on illegal crimes. At present, there are more than 200 airports in China, and there are less than 200 people who supervise the safety of shipping. In addition, the cities where most airports are located have no civil aviation administrative organs, and there is also a lack of supervision in this respect.