标签： 杭州桑拿

Promoting the Construction of Beautiful China —— A Summary of the Achievements of Ecological Civilization Construction since the 18th CPC National Congress

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 12th: Promoting the Construction of Beautiful China — — Summary of Achievements in Ecological Civilization Construction since the 18th CPC National Congress

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Hou Xuejing and Gao Jing

　　Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, from the "destiny community" of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes and grasses taking shape, to the integration of green development concepts into production and life, and to the benign interaction between economic development and ecological improvement, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has pushed the construction of ecological civilization to a new height, and a new picture of beautiful China has slowly unfolded.

　　From protection to restoration, efforts should be made to fill the ecological shortcomings.

　　In 2015, thousands of kilometers of virgin forests stretching from Daxing ‘anling in the west, Changbai Mountain in the east and Xiaoxing ‘anling in the north, the endless logging for thousands of years came to an abrupt end. Hundreds of thousands of loggers sealed up their axes and saws, and stopped cutting in key state-owned forest areas, announcing the end of the history of excessive demand for forests for many years.

　　Behind this historic change, a new realm of ecological civilization construction is highlighted.

　　The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China brought the construction of ecological civilization into the overall layout of "Five in One" in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and "Beautiful China" became the new goal pursued by the Chinese nation.

　　In the past five years, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has firmly established the concept that protecting the ecological environment means protecting the productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing the productive forces, and has made great efforts to fill up the ecological shortcomings.

　　— — Repair the terrestrial ecology and make the world greener. Over the past five years, China has added more than 90 million mu of afforestation annually. Forest quality has improved, the utilization rate of improved varieties has increased from 51% to 61%, the qualified rate of afforestation seedlings has stabilized at over 90%, and a total of 48.95 million mu of national reserve forest has been built. Restore 300,000 mu of degraded wetlands, and return 200,000 mu of farmland to humidity. 118 cities have become "national forest cities". The Three-North Project started the construction of two million mu shelterbelt bases.

　　— — Prevent soil erosion and restore the earth to its foundation. In the past five years, China has controlled 126 million mu of desertified land, and the desertification has been contained as a whole, and the key control areas have been significantly improved. The area of desertified land has been reduced by 1980 square kilometers every year, realizing a historic change from "sand enters people and retreats" to "people enter sand and retreat".

　　— — Repair aquatic ecology and return life to home. The proportion of Class I-III water bodies in the national surface water control section increased to 67.8%, and the proportion of inferior Class V water bodies decreased to 8.6%, and the water quality of major rivers and streams improved steadily.

　　"We have gone through the 300-year development process of western developed countries in more than 30 years, and the destruction of the environment is inevitable, but we can realize the importance of ecology in the development of human civilization at the stage of rapid development and avoid going again ‘ Pollution before treatment ’ The detour has improved the ability of sustainable development. " Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School, said.

　　From system to practice, green development speeds up and increases efficiency.

　　The elders who seek wood must consolidate their roots.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the "four beams and eight pillars" with the nature of top-level design for ecological civilization construction have become increasingly perfect.

　　In the past five years, the top-level design of ecological civilization has been gradually improved. In April 2015, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization, which clarified the overall requirements, goals and visions, key tasks and institutional system of ecological civilization construction. In September of the same year, the "Overall Plan for the Reform of Ecological Civilization System" was promulgated, which proposed to improve the property right system of natural resources assets, establish a system for the development and protection of land space, and improve the performance evaluation and accountability system of ecological civilization.

　　In the past five years, the legal system of ecological and environmental protection has been continuously improved. Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan, Water Pollution Prevention Action Plan and Soil Pollution Prevention Action Plan have been issued one after another. The new environmental protection law known as "the strictest in history" has been implemented since 2015, and its efforts in cracking down on environmental crimes are unprecedented.

　　In the past five years, the law enforcement and supervision of ecological and environmental protection have been unprecedented. Reduce coal burning, eliminate yellow-label vehicles, rectify enterprises whose emissions are not up to standard, and start intensive supervision of air pollution prevention and control & HELIP; … A series of environmental protection punches have brought more blue sky and clear water. Compared with 2013, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta region and Pearl River Delta region decreased by 33%, 31.3% and 31.9% respectively in 2016.

　　In the past five years, China has actively participated in international governance and made green contributions. In December 2015, at the Paris Conference on Climate Change, 196 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted the historic Paris Agreement to make arrangements for the global response to climate change after 2020. China is not only an important driving force for reaching an agreement, but also a firm performing country.

　　From concept to effect, economic and social development is moving towards a higher end.

　　During the G20 Summit, Hangzhou, which is intertwined with prosperity and ancient charm, surprised the world. While enjoying the rapid development of entering the "Trillion Club", while wandering around the beautiful scenery of the ancient charm of the lake city, Hangzhou has solved the problem of protection and development, realized the benign interaction between ecology and economy, and become the "pioneer area of beautiful China".

　　In 2016, Beijing Environment Exchange and Saihanba Forest Farm listed 183,000 tons of afforestation carbon sinks for sale. All 475 tons of carbon sinks can be traded, which can benefit more than 100 million yuan.

　　"The wasteland becomes a forest, and the forest is exchanged for green mountains and green hills. The green mountains and green hills become Jinshan Yinshan in silence, and Saihanba has formed a virtuous circle development chain." Chen Zhiqing, deputy director of Saihanba Forest Farm, said.

　　From "the earth is covered with green" to "greening around" and "planting green in the heart", the increasing supply of ecological products has greatly increased the people’s sense of acquisition. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s forest area and accumulation have increased to 3.12 billion mu and 15.1 billion cubic meters respectively, and the annual ecological service value of these forest resources is 12.68 trillion yuan.

　　The concept of green development is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. The Ministry of Environmental Protection launched the "12369" environmental protection WeChat reporting platform to broaden the channels and scope of mass participation, and received nearly 73,000 reports from the masses.

　　Under the guidance of the concept of green development, in 2016, the energy consumption and water consumption per unit GDP decreased by 17.9% and 25.4% respectively compared with 2012, and the emission reduction effect of major pollutants was remarkable.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of China’s ecological civilization has shown a new situation of accelerated development, and the kinetic energy of China’s economic development is undergoing a fundamental change, with unlimited advantages and potential.

　　In the lower reaches of Jinsha River, Baihetan Hydropower Station, the world’s largest hydropower station under construction, has been fully constructed recently. After completion, the average power generation for many years will reach 62.443 billion kWh, and the average annual consumption of standard coal will be reduced by about 19.68 million tons, and the carbon dioxide emissions will be reduced by about 51.6 million tons.

　　China’s green development has contributed to China’s plan for the world. In 2016, the United Nations Environment Programme released the report "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets: Strategy and Action of Ecological Civilization in China". China’s concept and experience of ecological civilization construction are providing important reference for sustainable development all over the world.

　　A beautiful new picture of China full of hope and confidence is being laid in an all-round way.

In October, eight more rumors were debunked on the scientific gossip list. Did you get caught？

　　Guided by the Municipal Association for Science and Technology, the Municipal Network Information Office, and the Capital Internet Association, the monthly scientific gossip list jointly released by the Beijing Science and Technology Journalists Editors Association and the Beijing regional website rumor platform was released in October today, with a total of 8 rumors on the list.

　　Just have fun with the "left and right brain test"

　　Not long ago, the "left and right brain age test" swept the circle of friends. It is said that the left brain is responsible for language and the right brain is responsible for images. According to the test, the "age" of the left and right brains can be obtained. The gossip list points out, "It’s not scientific at all." Some programmers have studied the background code of left and right brain tests and found that the results are random. Some people even tested the same answer many times and found that the results were different every time. Shen Zheng, a professor of psychology in Peking University, said, "Brain testing is a very complicated problem, which requires a comprehensive test of the human brain, such as reading ability, memory ability, intuitive thinking and inference ability."

　　There are also rumors that in order to reduce noise, noise-reducing headphones actively emit sound waves to offset noise, which is actually more harmful to hearing. Rumor list debunks: Active noise-reducing headphones do not passively shield noise, but actively emit sound with the opposite phase of noise, which interferes with noise in the ear and cancels it. It can not only eliminate the common noise in daily life, but also will not affect the warning sounds such as sharp horns in emergencies, so it is definitely good for listening.

　　"Gravitational wave prevention" is just a hot spot.

　　Since the discovery of gravitational waves, many merchants have quickly launched "high-tech anti-gravitational wave radiation suits". Can these products really "prevent gravitational waves"? Zhang Shuangnan, a researcher at the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that gravitational waves cannot be shielded because they can penetrate the universe and the earth; Of course, there is no need to guard against gravitational waves, because gravitational waves have far less influence on us than our own breathing.

　　There are many plausible "scientific" rumors, such as the statement that "heated lemon water will become alkaline water, which can treat cancer". The rumor list refutes that the organic acid in lemon cannot become alkaline under simple heating. In addition, there is no "acidic constitution" or "alkaline constitution" at all. Metabolism is going on all the time in the human body, and many of the reactions are very sensitive to PH value, so the human body has a powerful and effective regulation system to keep the pH value of the human body stable and fluctuate only in a small range.

　　Old people often warn young people not to be "beautiful and frozen", and wearing less clothes will freeze arthritis. Is this scientific? The truth is: there is no arthritis directly caused by cold. Leg pain after catching cold is indeed one of the manifestations of arthritis, but cold is not the direct cause of arthritis. Although you won’t get arthritis directly because of freezing, freezing of joints will lead to muscle contraction around joints, joint stiffness, decreased blood circulation and synovial fluid secretion, and may also lead to decreased immunity, which will increase the burden of joints and the possibility of injury. If you already have arthritis, it will aggravate related symptoms, so it is not wrong to pay attention to keeping warm joints in cold weather.

　　"Soy sauce causes cancer" is alarmist.

　　A few days ago, the rumor that farmers "use syringes to inject water or other liquids into crabs to gain weight and sell more money" was circulated in the market. Gan Lian, an associate professor at the College of Oceanography, South China Agricultural University, told everyone that it is against common sense to add weight to crabs by injecting water. Creatures such as crabs will have a stress reaction after injecting liquid with syringes, and may even die. Dead crabs cannot be sold.

　　More and more people pay attention to food safety, and many people begin to "do it yourself and have plenty of food and clothing", even the oil has to be squeezed at home. Jiang Tong, an expert from Beijing Institute of Nutrition Sources, said that it is not safer to squeeze oil at home than to buy oil from a supermarket. Impurities in self-squeezed oil cannot be removed, and the oil is turbid, which will affect the flavor, taste and safety of the oil. In addition, peanuts, soybeans and rapeseed are all likely to be infected by aflatoxin, which is highly carcinogenic.

　　There is a rumor: "According to the announcement of the national health department, the national standard soy sauce brewed from grain has a national standard code, and the code for brewing soy sauce is GB18186. Any soy sauce without this code is a blended product of chemical black caramel, which causes liver cancer after eating. " Rumor list: Since March 23, 2017, the standard for brewing soy sauce (GB/T 18186-2000) has become a recommended level and is no longer enforced. In other words, GB/T 18186 replaced GB18186. The "basis" of the statement that "soy sauce is carcinogenic" is that the additive for preparing soy sauce contains "4- methylimidazole", which belongs to the list released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) under the World Health Organization (Grade 2B). In this regard, Ruan Guangfeng, director of the business department of Kexin Food and Nutrition Information Exchange Center, said that according to the current test data, the "4- methylimidazole" that people consume from soy sauce every day is also in full compliance with relevant international regulations and statutory standards. Consumers only need to buy soy sauce produced by regular manufacturers from regular channels, and they don’t have to worry about "soy sauce causing cancer".

　　Our reporter Sun Leqi

Legend of Chongqing Specialty (111) The Origin of Chongqing Hotpot! The truth may surprise you …

Chongqing city looks like a pot of hot pot!

Surrounded by two rivers, is it like a pot of hot pot soup? And the Yuzhong Peninsula, like a piece of fresh hairy belly floating on the hot pot, is scalding … Some people say that Chongqing is more like a mandarin duck pot, with red soup on the Yangtze River and clear soup on the Jialing River.

No wonder Chongqing hot pot is famous all over the world. Chongqing looks like it, which is very good with hot pot.

Five conjectures

For decades, many people have been trying to research the origin of Chongqing hot pot, but they have not found a convincing source. I combed it, and there are five main origins of Chongqing hot pot mentioned in various articles. I call them "five conjectures" about the origin of Chongqing hot pot.

Conjecture 1: the origin theory of jiangbei street.This is the view of Li Jieren, a famous Sichuan writer who has opened a restaurant in Shanghai and worked as a vice mayor of Chengdu. In Li Jieren’s article "Talking about the basic necessities of life in Chinese-1947 and 1948", there is such a passage: "Eating beef omasum hotpot with buffalo originated in Jiangbei, on the other side of Chongqing. At first, the general retail dealer bought buffalo viscera, washed it and boiled it, then cut the liver and stomach into small pieces, put a mud stove on the shoulder, and put a griddle iron basin on the stove. The pot was turned upside down and boiled with a spicy, hemp and salty marinade. So people on the bridge by the river, friends who generally sell labor, and beggars who want to eat meat after earning a few words, gathered around the burden and benefited. It is not only economical, but also can increase the quantity of calories. I haven’t known it for many years, and it was all noticed by people above the class of Little Bourgeois. It was not until 21 or 22 years of the Republic of China that a small restaurant in Chongqing Commercial Street ennobled him and moved him from the head to the table.

Conjecture 2: the origin theory of "water eight blocks"On the streets of Chongqing, there is also a hot pot restaurant named "Shuibakuai", which is probably a belief in this school of theory. Some people think that at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there was a popular way to eat "eight pieces of water" on the docks and streets of Chongqing. On the roadside food stall, there are small dishes filled with all kinds of beef offal, and there is a mud stove next to the stall. There is a large pot with a grid on the stove, and the pot is spicy soup base. Diners pick raw slices from the plates to burn food, and then count the plates to pay for it.

Conjecture 3: the origin theory of Zaifang Street.Zaifang Street, next to Chuandao turn, is under the existing Shibanpo Yangtze River Bridge. This is the slaughter place of cattle and sheep in Chongqing in those days. According to this view, Chongqing hot pot originated in this place around the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1926). Because after the cattle were slaughtered here, no one wanted the beef offal, so some people collected these beef offal that nobody cared about and opened a spicy hot pot restaurant.

Conjecture 4: the theory of the origin of boatmen.This statement is very common, and many hot pot owners have told me so. Chongqing is a big wharf with many boatmen. For the convenience of eating, at the bow of the boat and by the river, boatmen casually set up a pot to pick up or buy some beef offal that was not needed in the slaughterhouse. When the spicy soup was cooked, the hot pot was born.

Guess 5: the theory of the origin of miscellaneous vegetables.This origin, because it is not clean, even a little disgusting, is basically not mentioned in all hot pot restaurants now. Why? Because, miscellaneous vegetables are the leftovers in the restaurant before. Every day, especially in larger restaurants, a lot of leftovers are accumulated. Restaurants gather these leftovers together, wholesale them to vendors, buy them back from vendors, pack them in cauldrons, and sell them to poor people passing by on the side of the pier. A spoonful of miscellaneous vegetables and a bowl of "Maoertou" dry rice is a meal. There are also some poor families who buy some to go home and eat them as food. There is some oil and water in the miscellaneous vegetables, which can also be regarded as a beating in sumptuous food.

Leftovers naturally don’t taste good. Small vendors engaged in miscellaneous vegetables business came up with a clever idea, adding a lot of sea pepper and pepper. Under the hot marijuana, all the strange smells were suppressed. The poor people who bought home, after eating miscellaneous vegetables, will continue to cook vegetables with the remaining spicy soup base-hot pot was born. Miscellaneous vegetables, this name is not nice, so people gave it a nice name, called "Naolong Palace".

Miscellaneous vegetables are found all over the country. Beijing is called "combined vegetables", which is actually leftovers. During the Anti-Japanese War, the beggar boss of Marble Stone married his daughter, and he did a lot of things in the open air by the Marble Stone River. All the banquets that beggars come to eat are "making trouble with the Dragon Palace".

It is said that in the past, the income from selling miscellaneous vegetables in restaurants was not the boss’s, but the private account of all the guys.

Because the grade of miscellaneous vegetables is very low, Chongqing people swear and often use the word "miscellaneous vegetables": you miscellaneous vegetables! Here, miscellaneous vegetables are basically equivalent to the "three abuses" in Mandarin.

Which conjecture is more correct?

These five conjectures about the origin of hot pot have been flying around for many years in the smell of hot pot over Chongqing, and no one can explain themselves.

There are different opinions, which makes the owners of Chongqing Hot Pot Restaurant unable to recognize their ancestors. Some bosses, who can’t wait, just find an ancestor at random and hang it on the wall for three incense sticks in the morning and evening. If you are bold, simply claim that I am the first one. Why don’t you find another one to come out?

This article dare not say the final conclusion, just trying to get as close to the truth as possible.

According to the basic logic theorem, if there are two different descriptions of the same object, there must be a false one. Besides, there are five different descriptions. What should we do? I suggest we try the "exclusion method" first.

Personally, the most popular "the origin of boatmen" is the first of these five conjectures to be eliminated.

There are docks all over the Chuanjiang River and boatmen all over the Yangtze River. If hot pot originated from boatmen, why is it unique to Chongqing? Is it possible that the boatmen in Yibin, Luzhou, Fuling and Wanxian will not eat? Are they all that stupid? I don’t know if I want to use spicy soup to cook vegetables. They don’t kill cattle there? There will be no abandoned beef offal?

Therefore, if the boatman origin theory holds, then the origin of Chongqing hot pot is not Chongqing, but the whole Sichuan River. Chongqing hot pot will be sadly renamed Chuanjiang hot pot-where there are no boatmen in Chuanjiang? Where is Chuanjiang spicy? Where do boatmen not eat? Where is the dock free of beef offal?

Besides, why should only a boatman set up a pot and burn food with spicy soup base? Will beggars? Will the porters on the dock? I think farmers are also very likely. In the field, a pot and a dish can be very hot. Can we also have a theory of the origin of farmers, porters and beggars?

In fact, before Chongqing hot pot, there was no record of spicy hot pot in Sichuan. Therefore, the origin of Chongqing hot pot must be found in the history of Chongqing, not on the Chuanjiang River. That is really the wrong dock.

Some people take a photo of a boatman eating hot pot in the late Qing Dynasty as an ironclad proof that hot pot originated from boatmen. Oh, my god, this photo can only prove that they are eating hot pot, and it can only prove that there was a hot pot in the late Qing Dynasty. Who eats hot pot? He invented this hot pot? This logic is too powerful. I still eat hot pot every week. Why didn’t you say that hot pot was invented by me?

This theory of origin has no facts and no logical support.

The second thing to be eliminated is "eight pieces of water".

It is a mistake as the name implies to say that eight pieces of water originated from hot pot. Hot pot is what you eat in the spicy soup base! It has never been "eight pieces of water".

The book "Cuisine of Sichuan Cuisine", published in 1980s, has an entry of "eight pieces of water". Eight pieces of water is a kind of cold chicken. Use a male chick, boil it in boiling water a little, and cut it off. Then remove the chicken head, chicken feet and chicken wings, just cut the chicken body in half and then in half, cut it into eight pieces, and then use the oblique knife method to connect the bones with the meat and slice it into pieces of uniform size. Put it in a big basin, add red oil and other seasonings and mix well.

This is a folk dish, which used to belong to the category of "Tian Xi".

The book Sichuan Cuisine is very authoritative in the industry. When this book was written, many chefs and gourmets in the Republic of China were still alive, and many dishes in the book were handed down by these masters, so they didn’t talk nonsense.

I used to cook chicken, as if I liked the word "eight pieces", and there is a famous dish called "eight pieces of chicken with fish flavor". In short, it is to cut the chicken into pieces, like fried crispy meat, coat it with egg powder, fry it twice in oil pan, fry it until crispy, and then pour in fish sauce. In fact, it is not necessary to cut only eight pieces, but to use the expression "one chicken cuts eight pieces" to describe that this chicken piece should not be too small, otherwise it will not be enough to chew.

Therefore, eight pieces of water and hot pot have nothing to do with fart. It’s all a lie, plus a rumor.

There are three theories of origin: Li Jieren’s theory of the origin of Jiangbei, others’ theory of the origin of Zhafang Street, and the theory of the origin of miscellaneous vegetables that is not so tall.

Of these three origins, the first two are about the place of origin. Only the theory of the origin of miscellaneous vegetables is about the origin of the vegetables themselves.

It doesn’t matter where the place of origin is in Chongqing. No one can come up with hard evidence to prove that the hot pot came from my Dajiang North, or from my Dazaifang Street. The existing ones are all isolated evidence or legends. What we need to analyze is the time interval when hot pot was born in Chongqing and its evolution process.

Many famous dishes, especially hot pot, a special diet form, are unlikely to be so-and-so geniuses. Most of the whimsy after waking up goes through an evolutionary process and then gradually takes shape.

Evolution process of hot pot

This is also my guess, not necessarily right. Readers are welcome to criticize and correct me.

In the mid-Qing Dynasty, peppers came to the table in Sichuan.

But the premise of hot pot is not only pepper and pepper, but also oil and water. Scoop a spoonful of water to ensure that you can’t cook the taste of hot pot. If you have to cook it, it is estimated that no one will eat it. In those days, regular restaurants, no matter how big or small, could not invent the form of hot pot-in those days, spicy food was very off the table and was the food of the poor.

Slowly, by the end of the Qing dynasty, some small restaurants began to appear spicy dishes. This can be seen from the book "Chengdu Overview" published in 1908. At that time, less than 10% of the dishes in Chengdu restaurants were spicy. This is a very strange phenomenon. Restaurants refuse spicy food, but it has long been popular among the people-I have a book "Zhong Fu Lu" written by Zeng Yi, a beautiful woman in Chengdu during the Xianfeng period, which contains her family’s method of making watercress.

Then, the combination of miscellaneous vegetables and spicy food should be the earliest form of hot pot.

Miscellaneous vegetables and peppers all come from grass roots. After the combination of the two, you can use pepper to suppress the strange smell of miscellaneous vegetables. More importantly, the combination of oil and water in miscellaneous vegetables and pepper and pepper is the necessary condition for the birth of hot pot-we have to talk about logic, right?

Since the miscellaneous vegetables with pepper and pepper are not difficult to eat, can we not waste the soup after eating the miscellaneous vegetables? Something hot, isn’t it delicious and economical? If you add a little unwanted beef offal, the oil and water will increase and the taste will be good-well, in this way, the hot pot will stumble all the way to us.

The boss who started making hot pot is probably the one who sold miscellaneous vegetables.

To establish this form of hot pot, several conditions must be met: first, the bottom soup should have oil and water; Second, pepper and pepper have widely entered the people; Third, there are cheap sources of goods, such as beef offal and pig offal; Fourth, there are a large number of customers-friends who are so poor.

Unfortunately, Chongqing meets all these four conditions.

Miscellaneous vegetables have oil and water; Pepper was already popular in the late Qing Dynasty, which is recorded in writing. Chongqing Zaifang Street is not far from the pier, and the purchase channel of beef offal is very convenient; Plus Chongqing Grand Pier, the rich are a dime a dozen, and the poor are more than a dime a dozen.

Hot pot, in this way, is separated from miscellaneous vegetables and becomes an independent diet form-Heroes don’t ask about their origins, but delicious food is king!Chongqing hot pot, which was born at the grassroots level, set off in this way and headed for its sea of stars!

At the beginning, hot pot was probably also a tourist stall, and then some tourist stalls with good business were fixed as sitting stalls.

Early chafing dish, I believe, is not only available in Chongqing, but all places that meet these four conditions are likely to develop this form of chafing dish independently or by reference. It’s just that in my big Chongqing, this hot pot is booming.

In the early 1920s, there was a "worthwhile" pub in Shuigou Street, jiangbei town. The location of this pub is relatively partial. In the past, it mainly sold "cold single bowls", that is, loose wine with a little peanuts and dried beans, and the business was not good. Later, the hot pot business was added, and the business was good.

However, this is not the earliest hot pot in Chongqing. Because, at this time, there are already many open-air hot pot stalls on the roadside of Chaotianmen and other docks. Moreover, this "worthwhile" is definitely not the first, but other restaurants that learn from cats and tigers.

At that time, the hot pot stalls were sloppy. A mud stove, an iron pot, and inside the iron pot, there is a tic-tac-toe nine-square grid that is still in use. Next to the pot, there is a chopping board. The main dishes on the chopping board are: beef oil residue, beef heart, beef liver, large intestine and leg meat. Vegetarian dishes are wrapped in white, green onions and garlic seedlings, and there are also dried rice and dried rice.

The boss stood behind the chopping board with a kitchen knife in his hand. Beef oil residue and other meat dishes have been cut into large chunks, and diners (basically laborers) feed by the chunks, while the boss helps diners change the designated meat dishes into knives and cut them into small pieces. Everyone eats their own food-please note that there is no hairy belly at this time. As for vegetarian dishes, they are charged by the "handful", and the boss pays how much for each handful.

In the early days, except for the docks at Chaotianmen, most of the hot pot stalls in the city were concentrated under the eaves of the street at Jiaochangkou, and their management methods were the same as those on the docks. Jiaochangkou was a slum in Chongqing. The rich people in Chongqing are mostly in Duyou Street (now Jie Fangbei) not far away.

Compared with the most famous hot pot stall in the market, the boss nicknamed it "Li Maomi". When he counted the diners, he used the old small copper coins. Small copper coins are also called cents, so they got this nickname. Li Maomi is good at business. Every morning, he collects lithograph posters of various theaters on that day and sticks them on the wall next to the stall, where diners can talk while eating. This hot pot stall was destroyed by war during the Anti-Japanese War.

Chongqing hot pot is so famous that it has become a representative of spicy hot pot. This is related to the location of Chongqing. Before the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing was the largest water wharf, the largest commercial city and the largest industrial city in southwest China (although there were few industries), and there were many poor people, so this hot pot stall correspondingly increased, and its reputation gradually increased.

Chongqing hot pot became famous all over the country, which really depended on the Anti-Japanese War.

Almost all the famous hot pot restaurants I can find are famous during the Anti-Japanese War. These hot pot restaurants are: Yunlong Garden, Luminous Cup and Shuyuan in Linjiangmen; 141 of Mihua Street (now Bayi Road) (later merged with Yunlong Garden in 141); Do not return if you are not drunk on May 4th Road; The "Han Palace Maodu Hotpot" in the Spiritual Fortress (now Jie Fangbei) … and so on.

Can’t help but say a digression. Now some hot pot restaurants like to recognize their ancestors. Of course, not only Chongqing, but also many places in China have this bad habit: find a brand that has disappeared from history, and then run out to recognize their ancestors and say that they are descendants. I’m sorry, please show me the chain of evidence, or I won’t recognize your grandson who was born. Especially those who call themselves the "first family" are even more absurd. Hot pot is a gradually formed diet, and it is impossible to prove who is the first one!

Get down to business. Hot pot stalls have appeared, can the hot pot restaurant be far behind? However, who actually moved the hot pot from the roadside stall into the small restaurant has no test now.

The hot pot at that time was completely different from now. Mr. Ma Zhitu once recalled the scene when he was eating hot pot in Chongqing: "Just lowering the table, sitting on a high stool, stepping on the table, shirtless, eating and drinking loudly, is really called eating Chongqing hot pot." -At that time, hot pot, put a small mud stove on the table, a small pot on the stove, or one person, or several people, sit around and eat.

The stove is on the table, and diners have to sit on high stools. The trick of burying hot pot in the table will take a long time to appear.

Ma Shitu, a famous person, ate a lot of hot pot in Chongqing and wrote a lot about it. Slowly, the fame of Chongqing hot pot spread far and wide.

　Finally, let’s guess againThe birth path of hot pot(The following is pure conjecture. If there is anything wrong, please criticize.)：

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, with the popularization of peppers, miscellaneous vegetables, peppers and prickly ash were finally happily combined.

Then, the hot pot is separated from the miscellaneous vegetables. After several years, from 1900 to 1910, people began to forget the relationship between hot pot and miscellaneous vegetables. At this time, as an independent diet, hot pot was accepted by people.

Then (1910-1920), hot pot booths appeared, that is, the predecessors who carried the burden of hot pot and wandered around.

Some hot pot stalls with good business have been fixed and become hot pot stalls. After another, more people joined the team of hot pot stalls. However, the hot pot fixed stall and the traveling stall are likely to coexist, just as the traveling stall and the fixed stall in Dandan Noodles have coexisted for a long time.

Around 1920, the business of hot pot stalls became better and better. The population of Greater Chongqing is also increasing. Many high-end people not only like the heavy taste of hot pot, but also don’t want to put down their bodies, go to the roadside and rummage around in a pot with people who are working hard. At this time, some restaurants began to put hot pot on the table one after another.sideline in.

The professional hot pot restaurant appeared later, and it is estimated that it will not appear until around 1930.

The final shape, development and popularity of Chongqing hot pot in the whole country was during the Anti-Japanese War.

Original title: the origin of Chongqing hot pot! The truth may surprise you …

Ada, Viann, Raquel and Mo Xiaoqi are praised as the four sexy goddesses in Beijing.

In recent years, with the fierce competition, the entertainment circle has entered a fast-paced alternating era. Pure little flowers have risen rapidly, and the general trend of Tsing Yi is not far behind. Ada, Viann, Raquel, Mo Xiaoqi and other Tsing Yi are amazing in expression this year, and they have been praised by many netizens as "the four sexy goddesses of Beijing", and there is a faint trend of overshadowing a number of small flowers.

　

Ada: Popular acting has a double harvest.

2017 is a unique year for Ada. In this year, although her representative works were not hit hard, her popularity remained undiminished and showed an upward trend. Her participation in several variety shows, such as The Age of Brain Men and The Story of Comedy, kept her high popularity. At the end of 2017, Ada made a stunning interpretation in The Birth of an Actor and successfully advanced, which made her popular acting skills double harvest, ranking first among the four sexy goddesses in Beijing.

　

Viann: There are countless positive images in the circle.

At present, the TV series "Flower Xie Hua Fei Tian" starring Viann is being broadcasted. In the play, Xie Jiaqian and Xie Chihiro are beautiful, warm and generous, which makes Viann popular. At the same time, in the variety show "Ghost Dog" in which Viann participated, the deep friendship between Viann and her dog Elvis moved countless audiences, creating a positive and positive image of sunshine for them, and was well-deserved to be praised as one of the four sexy goddesses in Beijing.

　

Raquel: The popularity is rising.

In 2017, the film starring Raquel was launched, and it broke through into the biggest dark horse in a large number of blockbusters, with a volume of nearly 600 million box office. Raquel’s rose in the film was praised as "the face of the movie" because of the classic shot of gazing at Donnie Yen affectionately at the end of the film and crying to death with a smile. Later, the film starring took over, and it has been released for a month and still ranked in the top three at the box office. Raquel, whose popularity has risen a lot, was also praised as one of the four sexy goddesses in Beijing.

　

Mo Xiaoqi: Acting and starting a business are correct.


Although she is not in the Jianghu, she still has the myth of elder sister. It is quite appropriate to put this sentence on Mo Xiaoqi. She is known as "God’s Prophecy" because she has accurately predicted the major events of popular stars for many times. As an actor who focuses on constellations, Mo Xiaoqi can be described as an alternative existence in the entertainment circle, with classic representative works such as ""and "Mo Xiaoqi" transformed into a producer when her acting career was in full swing, but she is still prosperous. She is both acting and entrepreneurship.


After driving the Volkswagen LaVida, then driving the Nissan Sylphy, it is clear at a glance who is more worthy of starting after comparing the two cars.

In today’s fierce competition in the automobile market, consumers are often faced with the problem of choosing a car that suits them. In the compact car market, and have always been two models of concern. They not only have excellent sales, but also have a certain reputation and good cost performance. So, which of these two cars is more worth starting with? Next, we will compare the appearance, interior, space, power, configuration and safety, and give our suggestions.

Appearance:

From the appearance, both Volkswagen and Nissan Sylphy have simple and atmospheric design styles. Volkswagen LaVida adopts the Volkswagen family-style front face design, with smooth lines, which outline the sense of strength of the car body and give people a sense of stability and solidity as a whole. Nissan Sylphy pays more attention to streamline modeling, and the overall appearance is more dynamic. The designs of the two cars have their own characteristics. Whether it is the pursuit of stability and atmosphere, or the emphasis on fashion and dynamics, consumers can choose according to their own preferences.

Interior:

Entering the car, the interiors of Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy are also different. The interior of Volkswagen LaVida is mainly simple and practical, and adopts a large area of straight line shape, which is relatively simple and generous as a whole. The interior of Nissan Sylphy pays more attention to details, and the materials used are relatively more elegant, forming a sense of advanced. The interior design styles of the two cars can be said to be different, and consumers can make choices according to their own pursuit of interior.

Space:

In compact cars, the size of the interior space plays a vital role in ride comfort. Both Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy have performed quite well in this respect. Volkswagen LaVida has a spacious interior space, so both front and rear passengers can get a comfortable experience. Nissan Sylphy is even better in terms of space, especially the legroom of the rear passengers is more spacious and the ride feels better. If you pay attention to comfortable space, then Nissan Sylphy may be more suitable for you.

Power:

Power is one of the important indexes to measure the performance of a car. Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy also have different performances in terms of power. Volkswagen LaVida is equipped with a 1.6L, which has a smooth power output and is suitable for daily commuting and family cars. While Nissan Sylphy provides more power options, with 1.6L and 1.8L to choose from, with stronger power and more rapid acceleration response. If you have high requirements for the dynamic performance of the car, then Nissan Sylphy may be more suitable for you.

Configuration:

In today’s automobile market, the emergence of various high-tech configurations is dazzling. Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy also have certain differences in configuration. Volkswagen LaVida is relatively conservative in configuration, and the configuration provided is relatively simple, but it still has some basic comfort configurations. Nissan Sylphy pays more attention to the richness of configuration and provides a series of intelligent technology configurations, such as automatic parking and panoramic sunroof. If you have high requirements for the configuration of your car, then Nissan Sylphy may be more suitable for you.

Security:

For home users, the safety performance of cars is particularly important. Both Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy have excellent performance in safety. They all adopt a series of active security configurations, such as, and so on. At the same time, they are also equipped with multiple, which provides all-round protection for passengers. In terms of safety performance, there is no obvious difference between the two cars.

After comprehensively comparing the appearance, interior, space, power, configuration and safety of Volkswagen LaVida and Nissan Sylphy, we can easily find that these two cars have their own advantages and characteristics. Volkswagen LaVida pays attention to simplicity and stability, which is suitable for consumers who pursue internal and external integration; Nissan Sylphy is more fashionable and dynamic, suitable for consumers who pursue individuality and taste. According to personal preferences and needs to choose, in order to find a more suitable model.

For car owners who already own these two cars, we recommend regular maintenance and maintenance of the vehicles to ensure their long-term good performance and service life. At the same time, according to the specific situation of the vehicle, choose the appropriate driving mode and route to avoid unnecessary faults and accidents during driving.

For consumers who are going to buy these two cars, we suggest that they should make a detailed understanding and comparison before buying a car, understand their own needs and budgets, and then make a choice according to personal preferences and actual conditions. At the same time, it is advisable to consult more senior car owners and auto experts and listen to their suggestions and experiences, so as to make more informed decisions.

After driving LaVida Volkswagen, and then driving Sylphy Nissan, which one is more worth starting depends entirely on personal preferences and needs. Consumers should compare rationally when buying a car and choose a model that suits them, so as to truly enjoy the pleasure and comfort of driving.

The poster of ＂Silver Empire＂ was released, and Guo Fucheng’s ancient costume was exposed


Silver Empire poster


At the 59th Berlin Film Festival, which opens on January 5, the Chinese female director Yao Shuhua will direct the Chinese-language blockbuster "Silver Empire", starring Guo Fucheng, Zhang Tielin and Hao Lei, for the first time in the world. On the 1st, the film released the first poster of "Silver Empire" to be displayed in Berlin. The freehand ink painting style makes the film about the legend of Shanxi merchants look a bit like a martial arts film. It is reported that overseas distribution companies have taken a fancy to this "illusion", hoping that the poster will remind Western audiences of "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon".



Latest poster



　　According to Yao Shuhua, the director of "Silver Empire," the first poster was made specifically for the Berlin Film Festival and overseas distribution. The image of Guo Fucheng sitting cross-legged and overlooking the distance is the first scene shot in the Taihang Mountains when the film starts. This scene is also Guo Tianwang’s favorite stills. The post-processed first poster is complemented by the ethereal artistic conception of ink and wash and a red mark, thus creating an impressive "Chinese style" effect.

　　Although no flowers have been announced, "Silver Empire", which shows the rise and fall of a generation of Jin businesspeople "Tiancheng" family, has become one of the hot films at the Berlin Film Festival. The head of the British company Hanway, which is responsible for the film’s overseas sales, said that due to the fact that many international studios have expressed interest in buying "Silver Empire", two internal screenings will be held for them before the official premiere of the film. At the same time, the overseas PR company of the film is rushing to produce 100 posters and 4,000 film brochures for promotion during the festival.

FAW Pentium has joined ＂Run＂ again, and the exclusive car of Running Men has been upgraded with a full ＂core＂.

In the warm spring of April, the long-awaited ace variety show "Run It" finally made a big comeback, and the new "Running Man Group" gathered again with a strong lineup. At 17:17 on April 27, starting from "Core", it was officially announced that it had crossed the border again, bringing its new model PRO to help the Running Man Group run. As the only official designated car of this season’s "Run It", the "attractive force car" PRO, which is both popular and powerful, will collide with the Running Man family. What kind of spark will attract countless fans and viewers.

The official announcement of the Extreme Speed Movement Group, "handsome, true, strong, and obvious" is irresistible

With the re-cooperation between the brand official announcement and "Run", the mystery of the first two-dimensional spokesperson, the "Extreme Speed Movement Group", has finally been unveiled. As four "wind chasers" with distinct personalities, their images are all taken from the archetypes of the characters of the Running Man Group, and they combine the four cores of PRO "handsome, true, strong and obvious" with the characters of the brothers to create a unique trendy and cool animation image, which has been well received by netizens.

Beauty is Justice – Extraordinary Charm Tiger

Popular idol Cai Xukun incarnated as a charm tiger, stylish and soulful. Charm Tiger is like a guy full of positive energy, and is the face of the team. Like PRO, the light and shadow polyline design makes the lines more three-dimensional, and the details are not sloppy at all. Not only is the appearance more layered, the double flying swallow shape gallops on the runway like flowing clouds and flowing water, showing the trend and cool charm with a face and a han.

Safety is the truth – guarding the cow with a long rainbow

Li Chen, a superpower, turned into a guardian cow and instantly escaped the gravity of the earth. Running all the way, someone always has to stand up in a critical moment. As the strength of the team, the guardian cow has a stable concentration like a rock, just like the "Car Brothers" PRO has a super high-strength cage+ Five-channel force transmission structure, carefully designed and optimized energy absorption area, with a strong sense of security to support the running boy group to run hard, giving each family member enough strength and confidence to challenge the illusory, true and reliable strength.

Speed – Resolute Wind Chaser Leopard

The master Zheng Kai turned into a wind chaser leopard and overtook the opponent in the corner. As a vitamin in the team, the wind chaser leopard is a young man who is always full of vigor and energy. The general speed perfectly matches the PRO upgrade of 1.5T. Strong power escorts the running man group at any time, and the energy goes straight to the sky. The blessing of light weight and high precision, the corner overtakes the opponent without fear of resistance, and realizes free galloping in all road conditions, flying like the wind.

Wisdom shows ingenuity – Confidential Meow

As the only girl in the team, it is also the wisdom of the team. Confident Meow has super intelligence, talent and intelligence to deal with a variety of thorny problems, and at the same time, there is no lack of kindness. With the PRO holographic intelligent control system, it supports voice interaction and visual interaction. The Zhilian system is ingenious, and the human-computer interaction is more warm. It is not alone on the run, adding warmth to the running man family.

The recording of the program is imminent, and it is expected to set off a "tear brand" war in FAW

The appearance of the cool image, the new character setting, and the appearance of the "Extreme Speed Movement Group" not only triggered the attention of the whole network, but also hinted that the dust of the cooperation contract with "Run" has settled. The new entry of the "attractive force car" PRO, how will it help the running man family "hang up" all the way and play more challenges? I believe the first stop will definitely give the audience a satisfactory answer.

It has to be said that the filming location of each issue of "Run It" has attracted much attention from fans. Looking back on the first stop of "Run It" last year, the members of the Running Men Group joined hands with 35 pairs of Angang father and son to carry out a blood-blooded showdown, showing their hard-core strength. At the oil field station, the Running Men brothers turned into college students and fought against aliens for oil. While experiencing the life of Angang employees, they paid tribute to the "iron man spirit" of the oil field. During this period, the T family hard-core model T77 also left a deep impression on the audience with hard-core black technology in the program.

This year, the newly upgraded PRO returns to "Run" as a hardcore guest, which can’t help but arouse countless fans’ speculation. Will this season’s Running Men Group come to this same hardcore, the birthplace of the old partner, and explore the unique cultural heritage and new appearance of "Detroit of the East" in the name of running? At the same time, fans are also more looking forward to what kind of spark will collide between the brothers’ brave and never-give-up spirit and China’s industrial inheritance, innovation and enterprising spirit? Let’s wait and see.

For the new journey that is about to begin, how can PRO, who has always been unafraid of challenges, "become one with" the Running Man Group faster, and skillfully use its advantages to help family members solve problems and complete the mission of helping run? We look forward to PRO giving the program a different kind of new excitement.

Picture： Andy Lau Chongqing Concert Dream Passion



　　On the evening of April 27, music superstar Andy Lau held a solo concert in Chongqing, bringing tens of thousands of fans in Chongqing three hours of dreaminess and passion. China News Agency, silver snow, photo




　　"After waiting for a long time, I finally waited until today, and after dreaming for a long time, I finally realized my dream." This lyric in Andy Lau’s "Today" may best represent the mood of the 40,000 Andy Lau fans who gathered at the Olympic Sports Center yesterday. When Andy Lau appeared on the stage at 8:00 last night, until the end of the concert, the fans’ shouts and screams did not stop for three hours. Such confessions could be heard everywhere: "Andy Lau, I love you!" "Andy, I love you!"…


　　[Confession]


　　[Singing] [joking]


　　"In the next life, my name is Andy Lau."


　　Andy Lau did not disappoint the fans. During the three hours of last night’s Olympic sports, he sang, danced, became a "trapeze", and performed magical magic, so that last night’s Olympic sports stayed in the time between him and the fans. Andy Lau also made a deep agreement with the fans, "We will be friends in the next life, and in the next life, I will still be called Andy Lau." At this moment, both Andy on stage and the fans below the stage burst into tears.


　　[Singing]


　　By the third song, he was crying


　　At 8:05 last night, the lights of the Olympic body dimmed, and the bursting Olympic body turned into a sea of glow sticks, which was extremely romantic and beautiful. After thousands of calls, Liu Tianwang finally appeared! Dressed in white clothes, singing "Chinese", the lyrics of blood, blood gorgeous, quickly infected everyone at the scene. In the middle of each song, there will be tens of thousands of people shouting: "Andy Lau, I love you!" So much so that when he sang the third song "It’s not a sin for a man to cry", Andy cried, his eyes full of tears.


　　Next, it was still a familiar melody, still a chorus of ten thousand people, but when he sang "Dear Baby" and "I Love You Again", Andy Lau cried again. When he sang "Love You for 10,000 Years", his tears fell and his voice was clearly choked.

＂Galaxy Tutorial School＂： Not good enough, but sincere

　　Reminder: This article is a serious spoiler!

　　In this summer season full of surprises, "Galaxy Tutoring School" has become the biggest seed and "bailout" work. The screening and publicity path of "Galaxy Tutoring School" is very similar to the biggest winner of last summer’s "I am not the God of Medicine". Two months before its release, "Galaxy Tutoring School" held an advanced screening on Father’s Day, and before its official release, it also launched several consecutive days of screening in many cities across the country. The advance and large-scale film reflects the creators’ confidence in the quality of the film, and they hope that through the accumulation of good reputation, they will usher in an explosion after the official release.

　　"Galaxy Tutorial School" poster. Originally set for July 26, but later raised to July 18

　　But there was no denying that many people did not trust the names of the director column "Deng Chao and Yu Baimei" at the beginning. After all, the embarrassment of the "Breakup Master" and "Villain Angel" co-directed by the two people was still lingering. Can "Galaxy Tutorial School" make the audience admire the director Deng Chao?

　　Big Dreams: Ma Fei’s Space Ideal

　　If it is simply summarized, "Galaxy Tutoring School" is a movie about education and fatherhood. But in detail, its timeline is quite long, spanning from 1990 to 2019, and it also contains three clear narrative threads. Each narrative thread will be integrated in the specific analysis below, involving very serious spoilers, please read carefully.

　　The first narrative line of the movie: In 2019, Ma Fei (played by Bai Yu) is the youngest astronaut in China. He follows the manned spaceship to the sky for a mission, but the spaceship is hit by a UFO and loses contact with the ground. The spaceship is in danger, and the astronauts may not be able to return. In the greatest desperate situation of life, Ma Fei recalls his most amazing father.

　　When an adult horse flies, he becomes an astronaut

　　The spaceship will definitely go back in the end. In the drama creation, the protagonist is in a dangerous situation, and what wants to highlight is the protagonist’s aura of saving from danger. And "Galaxy Tutoring School" also cleverly links this with China’s aerospace industry, patriotism, and the rise of a great power, giving the film the temperament of a gift film.

　　So, how did Ma Fei survive the danger?

　　In the critical moment, he remembered his father Ma Haowen (Deng Chao, played) once taught him, "Don’t admit defeat" and "always think", and how he escaped with the encouragement of his father during the catastrophic flood in 1998. In different time and space, his father’s teachings are just as effective, and Ma Fei solved the crisis of the spaceship.

　　Ma Fei’s Space Rescue

　　It needs to be mentioned that the movie is very scribbled and endless when dealing with Ma Fei’s sky self-rescue. After a while, life and death are rendered there, but the process of Ma Fei getting out of the cabin is very easy.

　　Since Ma Haowen’s influence on Ma Fei is so great – astronauts can only carry one thing with them in space, and Ma Fei also took away the globe made of football that Ma Haowen gave him; why was Ma Fei’s family seat empty when the spacecraft set off? Why didn’t Ma Haowen personally show up to see the child off?

　　The football globe held by the young boy Ma Fei is the most important "token" between him and his father.

　　Because Ma Fei felt that Ma Haowen’s "dark history" would affect his bright future. This enters the second important main line of the story, the "dark history" of his father Ma Haowen.

　　The Harsh Reality: The History of Ma Haowen’s Misfortune

　　It is not so much a "black history" as a history of suffering.

　　Wei Wei is familiar with "Asian Heroes". On the eve of the 1990 Beijing Asian Games, the Torch Relay movement was carried out in Dongpei City (the fictional city in the movie). Ma Haowen, as the construction engineer of Dongpei Bridge, also became a torchbearer, and he would run across Dongpei Bridge with the torch. But in the live TV broadcast and the attention of many people, the Dongpei Bridge, which had not yet been opened to traffic, collapsed.

　　Ma Haowen used to be a successful engineer

　　Ma Haowen took the blame for the entire design institute and was imprisoned. His wife Xinyu (Ren Suxi, played) divorced him, and the teenager Ma Fei was also bullied by his peers. It was already 1997 when he was released from prison early after commuting his sentence. After his release, Ma Haowen was ridiculed, criticized and insulted by his former friends and colleagues. He struggled to find information, write a complaint letter, and go to court, but there was no way to appeal.

　　Ma Haowen has no way to appeal

　　This is the sharpest part of the movie, which contains various criticisms of reality: the sophistication, calculation, indifference, and cruelty of the human heart; the contempt and neglect of the rights and interests of the little people by the arrogant and rigid administrative organs, and the habitual "kicking of the ball" to their demands… The idealism portrayed in the movie may be illusory, but these real predicaments that Ma Haowen faces will make the audience feel the same: Why is it so difficult for an ordinary person to live calmly and with dignity?

　　Ma Haowen persisted for more than 20 years, and the case finally had a bright moment. When Ma Haowen came to Ma Fei’s base for the first time and told him the news, what made Ma Haowen cold and unexpected was that Ma Fei persuaded him to give up the appeal. Because Ma Fei’s leader (Wu Jing, played) told him that the astronaut would become the focus, his birth experience would be dug up, and Ma Haowen’s past would become some kind of "obstacle" to Ma Fei.

　　Ma Haowen told Ma Fei that he thought his education of Ma Fei was a success, but now he found that he failed. He did not expect his son to despise his insistence for more than 20 years – to restore his innocent reputation – for his own future and interests. Ma Fei is not unaware of the hardships and hardships he has endured for this.

　　Although this clue is not the main point of the movie – many viewers may have ignored it in tears, but in my opinion, it is the most colorful chapter of the whole movie. It is a hard core hidden under the positive energy and sensational shell of this movie. If you bite it, you will be stung.

　　It even deconstructs the educational idealism of the entire film: How are egoists who are filled with the adult world or delicate or crude are cultivated? Why can the quality-oriented education that Ma Haowen insists on not prevent Ma Fei from becoming selfish? Could it be that the grand cause is important, and the rights and interests of an ordinary person can be ignored?

　　These all point to deeper issues, and it’s all up to the heart to understand.

　　The ideal education: Galaxy cram school

　　How did Ma Haowen train Ma Fei to become an astronaut? This was the core narrative thread of the movie, which took the most time and was the most colorful. It was also the origin of the movie’s title.

　　When Ma Fei was young, his teachers thought that his brain was lacking. After Ma Haowen was imprisoned, Ma Fei was bullied, and his mother and stepfather were busy with business sending him to boarding school. Ma Fei became a runaway wild horse. He was the last in his class, read Jin Yong’s novels in class, often missed class, and was expelled by the director of the teaching department Yan (Li Jianyi, played).

　　When Ma Fei was expelled, it was the day Ma Haowen was released from prison. After his ex-wife begged Director Yan to no avail, Ma Haowen made a bet with Director Yan in front of many teachers and students. Director Yan said that if Ma Fei was in the top 10 of the final exam class, he would not be expelled. Ma Haowen said: Not the top 10 in the class, but the top 10 in the grade.

　　This moment is very hot, and it also constitutes the biggest suspense in the movie: Can Ma Haowen really make Ma Fei, the last in the class, enter the top 10 in the grade?

　　Director Yan represented the older generation of educators who had gone through years of hardship and changed their destiny through education. They believed in the set of exam-oriented education, where grades were supreme and the college entrance examination was fixed for life. Therefore, there were only a few things in Director Yan’s educational "arsenal": more homework + sticks + a sense of shame. He looked down on bad students and regarded Ma Fei as a thorn in his side.

　　Ma Haowen’s understanding of education was completely opposite to Director Yan’s. Although it was 1997, Ma Haowen’s education method was far ahead of that era, and even today, it is still ahead of its time.

　　It is first and foremost an encouraging education. It is not to inspire the child’s sense of shame (as Ma Fei’s mother said, "This child is like this, it is hopeless"), but to sincerely believe that the child is a genius. Ma Haowen told Ma Fei, "You are the smartest child on earth." When he said this, he was not perfunctory, but his eyes were full of light, full of trust and firmness, which allowed Ma Fei to build up his confidence. Even after betting that Ma Fei’s first exam was fifth from the bottom of the class, Ma Haowen praised his son as great, and improved compared with the original last.

　　Ma Haowen kept telling Ma Fei, "You are the smartest child on earth"

　　Ma Haowen did not urge Ma Fei to study much. When Ma Fei asked him whether to sleep or read a book, he let Ma Fei make his own decision. The school assigned too much homework, and he also let Ma Fei love to complete it or not. In Ma Haowen’s opinion, children’s interest in learning is the most important. At the stage of their strongest learning ability, the heavy learning load every day will make them lose interest in learning and feel tired.

　　Just like at the end of the college entrance examination, senior high school students were tearing books frantically, and the pieces of paper fell like snowflakes. Director Yan thought this was a kind of release for the children. Ma Haowen asked, If senior high school students can’t wait to tear books, do they really love learning? Do they still have enthusiasm for learning?

　　When Ma Haowen asked Ma Fei what his learning goal was, Ma Fei said, "Go to Tsinghua University and Peking University." Ma Haowen said no, this is the process, not the goal, and what he wants to do in the future is the answer. Then Ma Haowen said the "golden sentence", "Life is like archery, dreams are like archery targets. If you can’t even find the target, what’s the point of pulling your bow every day?"

　　Ma Haowen understands that the purpose of learning is not for the temporary college entrance examination, the child’s interests and goals are the end of learning. Therefore, even though the final exam is coming soon, he still takes the child to "skip class" (the leave was rejected by Director Yan) for half a month to go to the aerospace exhibition. The head teacher Xiao Gao (Wang Xi, played) said that the final exam is the most important moment in Ma Fei’s life. Ma Haowen said: No, there is no most important moment. The most important moments in his life should be evenly distributed every minute and every second of his day.

　　In the final exam, Ma Fei really entered the top 10 of the grade, and his love for aerospace also contributed to his dream of aerospace.

　　defect

　　Obviously, in terms of differences in educational concepts, the film stood on Ma Haowen’s side. In several debates between Ma Haowen and Director Yan, Director Yan was defeated. The film also exaggerated Director Yan’s "unreasonable" and "deified" the feasibility of Ma Haowen’s education for Ma Fei.

　　In other words, the film’s discussion of exam-oriented education and quality-oriented education is simplified; its advocacy of quality-oriented education is too idealistic. The simplest reality is that the vast majority of civilian parents, without Ma Haowen’s ideas and insights, are exhausted, unlike Ma Haowen who could afford nearly 10,000 yuan of 586 computers for his children in the late 1990s, and have time to take their children on a half-month trip. And most children are also ordinary, and it is impossible to be like Ma Fei who can enter the top 10 of the grade in one semester without much study or review. In the case of uneven education quotas, exam-oriented education is still the best choice for ordinary families. You have to take the exam first to have more freedom of choice.

　　At the same time, the movie’s understanding of homework, exams, etc. is also very narrow. Ma Haowen’s comparison of steamed buns seems reasonable, but it is actually a little nonsense. Repeated steamed buns are indeed not delicious, but for most children with poor learning ability, they do have to be strengthened through repeated preview, review and homework to improve their understanding of knowledge. Although Ma Haowen has always wanted Ma Fei to learn ideas and methods, not just knowledge, knowledge is the premise of ideas and methods. The most basic knowledge is not firmly mastered and the foundation is not solid. What about further ideas and methods?

　　The director took it for granted too much, which determined that the influence of "Galaxy Tutoring School" on reality is very limited. It simply understands the current many educational issues, simply understands the differences in educational concepts, and does not touch the complex national conditions behind education in the slightest. It involves factors such as the duality of urban and rural areas, uneven educational quotas, cultural segregation of education, and difficulties in class mobility. On the contrary, there is such a suspicion that the educational problems with the nature of social problems are pushed to the parents, and become the parents’ personal concept problems.

　　Any parent who has been coerced into an education competition knows that there are many involuntary moments. As Ma Haowen’s ex-wife in the movie yelled, "Ma Fei is not your experiment." Few parents dare to experiment with their children’s future.

　　The essence of education is not as simple as believing in children or not

　　The conceptual level also affects the narrative level. Most of the characters in the movie are very flat, and they go to the end in one line, without any human hesitation. Like Ma Haowen, he is sure that his education of Ma Fei will be successful, but when he thinks of the situation where he was wronged and damaged, he has not worried about what kind of world Ma Fei will face when he grows up. The flatness of the characters serves that every turn and every touch in the narrative can reach the audience. Under the strong soundtrack, some parts of the movie are indeed tear-jerking, and it is very easy to cry, but it is over when the crying is over.

　　"Galaxy Tutoring School" could have been better. If the three threads interact with each other, rather than independently of each other, it can be a masterpiece to reach the real problem. As mentioned earlier, the second thread is the most colorful chapter in the movie. It is precisely because the director makes the three threads interact with each other. "The cruel reality" is dismantling the "grand dream" and "ideal education". The selfishness of the adult Ma Fei slaps Ma Haowen in the face, giving us a glimpse of something more powerful that affects education/reality. Although the director handles it this way, it may just be a simple suppression first and then a promotion, allowing the father and son to have a sublimation in their feelings.

　　Better than sincerity

　　Even so, "Galaxy Tutoring School" is still the best film co-directed by Deng Chao and Yu Baimei so far. It has many flaws, but it also has a valuable advantage: seriousness/sincerity.

　　The film’s time span is very long, and it reflects many major historical nodes in the 1990s, such as the Beijing Asian Games in 1990, the Asian Football Cup in 1992, the return of Hong Kong in 1997, and the flood in 1998. The director cleverly strung the whole story through a few familiar songs in the 1990s, such as Wei Wei’s "Asian Majestic Wind", Mao Amin’s "Desire", Han Lei’s "Walk Around", Liu Huan’s "Bending Moon", Chen Ming’s "Happy Home", and Leslie Cheung’s "Love of the Year". There is a strong sense of nostalgia.

　　The film’s reflections on education are immature, but also very sincere. This part reflects the growing experience of Deng Chao and Yu Baimei, as well as their current experience as fathers educating their children. Therefore, the film has Deng Chao’s "class limitations". I remember he said before that he should not give children cram schools, but let children have a happy childhood. This concept is of course not wrong for people in Deng Chao’s class, but if it is promoted to everyone as a concept, it will reveal a childish side.

　　And sincerity is even more reflected in the father-son relationship in the movie. Although the movie uses educational reflection as the "bone", it uses the father-son relationship as the "flesh"; one of the movie’s slogans is, "Dedicated to the father, for the child". The movie also has the feelings of the two directors as sons/fathers, full of their love for their respective fathers and children. The father-son relationship fills most of the details in the movie, which is true, delicate, moving, and tear-jerking.

　　It should be admitted that Deng Chao as an actor is much more attractive than Deng Chao as a variety MC, and variety shows consume a lot of people’s knowledge of the actor Deng Chao. One of the fundamental reasons why this movie stands up is that Deng Chao convincingly portrays the great father Ma Haowen, and interprets his unconditional "trust" and "love" for his son. Many of Ma Haowen’s lines are very chicken soup and empty, but Deng Chao’s body, expression, eyes, and speech skills make these slightly empty things fall to the ground. Ma Haowen really "believes", and everything is natural.

　　Deng Chao’s behind- the-scene photos when taking close-up shots, his eyes are very infectious

　　The screenwriter also condensed too many dramatic and strong plots in Ma Haowen, such as selling blood, being beaten by gangsters in order to protect his son, and searching for children in the flood. Every point is very tearful. Ma Haowen once said to Ma Fei, "The bridge will collapse, but Dad will not collapse." He silently endured all the injustices and suppression that fate gave him, and then showed the best qualities that a father should have in front of his children: bravery, confidence, wisdom, and not admitting defeat.

　　During the flood, the moment when Ma Haowen and his son were separated was a moment when many viewers grabbed paper towels

　　As far as the author is concerned, I would give "Galaxy Tutoring School" 70 points. This is a film with obvious flaws, whether it is the scribbling of the space line, the deliberate pandering with a little fake space, the redundancy of the emotional line between Ma Haowen and Teacher Xiao Gao, which can be completely eliminated, or the exaggerated portrayal of Director Yan and the naive thinking about education issues. But we should also see how rare it is for a film of the size of "Galaxy Tutoring School" to be released smoothly in this not peaceful summer season. It is "playing tricks", but it is also "balancing": Deng Chao and Yu Baimei will be the type of directors that investors like the most, because they are "safe" and profitable.

　　It is not a shameful thing to be a "moderate-minded person" and produce commercial blockbusters that are seriously lacking in the market. On the contrary, it is very important for the Chinese film market – just like the summer season, you have to rely on "Galaxy Tutoring School" to "save the file". The ideal ambition of film critics should not be expected to be realized by a movie for themselves. What’s more, if you carefully consider Ma Haowen’s injustice line, combined with the "betrayal" of the adult Ma Fei to his father, you can still feel a lot of complexity about reality.

　　"The Galactic School" is not the best realist work of its kind, but it belongs to realism.

Group buying in online community： a new way of shopping

The picture comes from the Internet.

　　"A box of fresh free range eggs 55 yuan, a piece of Pizza Hut steak 23 yuan, and a bag of pasta 17 yuan." On October 26, as soon as the group announcement of "Head of Mission" was released, the residents in the WeChat group responded quickly. In just a few minutes, the buyers had already picked up the long queue.
　　Simple purchase, timely delivery, time-saving and labor-saving … As a new online shopping mode, online community group purchase is mainly carried out through the way that community residents buy online orders and then deliver them to the community in a unified way, which can not only help reduce logistics costs, but also help consumers avoid "difficulty in choosing" and effectively improve shopping efficiency.

Socialization and group buying win-win situation

　　"The group dish group in our community was established last year by the elder sister who opened the laundry in the community. At that time, many people in the community organized dishes at his place. The group purchase price was cheap and the dishes were very fresh." Ms. Zhao, a citizen of Taiyuan, said that at first group buying was for convenience, and now it has gradually become a habit.
　　In fact, the emergence of online community group buying has already changed people’s traditional consumption concept. The "team leader" posted a message in the group, and the user placed an order in advance as needed, and it could be delivered for delivery the next day. Through group buying, community residents can get goods at lower prices, and at the same time avoid the time and energy needed to go shopping in supermarkets.
　　"Neighbors in the community often bask in the fresh dishes bought by the group. Everyone exchanges and interacts together, which not only brings the neighborhood closer, but also allows everyone to have a more intuitive understanding of the items bought by the group, because everyone is familiar with each other, which is different from the kind that is praised by online stores, and can help everyone avoid the pit more effectively." Ms. Zhao said that with the accelerated pace of life, like most young people, they are increasingly choosing online shopping, especially for food and daily necessities, and more consideration is given to price and delivery time.
　　Obviously, social communication is an important driving force of community group buying, which can effectively expand the influence of group buying and attract more users to participate. But at the same time, social communication also faces some challenges, such as information overload, user loss, trust problems and so on.

Supervision and self-discipline go hand in hand.

　　With the growing prosperity of the online community group buying market, large-scale e-commerce platforms and various new players are accelerating their entry, making the community group buying market more dispersed and diversified. For the residents of the community, some of the "heads" are familiar neighbors, but more are strangers.
　　"Sometimes other people in the group don’t know what link to send, and it’s either a group buying applet or a stranger’s online shop." Ms. Zhao said that she chose to be trustworthy when buying a group. Instead of shopping in an unknown small program, she might as well place an order on big platforms such as JD.COM and Taobao.
　　In fact, there are not a few people who step on the pit in online community group buying. A series of problems, such as false propaganda, substandard goods and shoddy goods, have also caused many consumers a headache. A few days ago, a case involving "community group buying" announced by the General Administration of Market Supervision said that in March this year, because the operator of a food store falsely exaggerated the function of disease prevention and treatment for ordinary food, it induced consumers to buy it, and was finally made by the local market supervision department. Administrative punishment was imposed and the final fine was 125,000 yuan.
　　Is the group purchase activity reported? Where does the supply come from? Is delivery and refund guaranteed? ….. Faced with these problems, Shanxi Provincial Market Supervision Bureau issued "Guiding Opinions on Standardizing Group Buying Operation Behavior in Online Communities" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), aiming at the group buying operation behavior in online communities, promoting the supervision mode of fair competition in online markets, realizing the whole chain, all fields and normalization supervision before and after the event, and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of group buying standardization in online communities.
　　In terms of the prohibition of group buying in online communities, the Opinions clearly pointed out that unfair price behaviors such as low-price dumping, price collusion, price gouging and price fraud should not be implemented, and monopolistic behaviors should not be illegally implemented through monopoly agreements, abuse of market dominance, and illegal concentration of operators; Do not engage in acts of unfair competition such as commercial confusion, commercial slander, and speculation, which will endanger the market environment of fair competition; Do not deceive or mislead consumers in a false or misleading way.
　　Lawyer Liang Yi of Shanxi Shuoming Law Firm reminds consumers that the formal platform is guaranteed in terms of goods quality, distribution and after-sales, and priority should be given to the community group purchase package organized by the formal network platform. Once the "head" is lost, goods are delayed for a long time, product quality problems, etc., relevant evidence materials will be provided to public security organs, market supervision and other departments in time to protect their legitimate rights and interests to the greatest extent. At the same time, it also warns merchants of group buying platforms that they must conscientiously abide by the E-commerce Law, the Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Online Transactions and other laws and regulations, and strengthen industry self-discipline, otherwise, they will face severe punishment.

Our reporter Wang Yang.

Related reading
Expand new channels of consumption

　　In recent years, new consumption channels, such as online shopping, live delivery and community group buying, have risen rapidly, bringing huge business opportunities to the retail industry. In the first 10 months of this year, the online retail sales of physical goods nationwide increased by 8.4% year-on-year, accounting for 26.7% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods. The rise of new consumption channels is of great significance to promoting the recovery and development of physical retail industry.
　　Online and offline exploration attempts have promoted the rise of new consumption channels. During the epidemic, more and more consumers gradually became familiar with and accepted consumption patterns such as instant retail and community group purchase. The new consumption channel provides consumers with a more convenient and personalized shopping experience, which not only reduces the shopping cost, but also meets diversified needs, and also urges online and offline businesses to move from competition to cooperation to achieve a win-win situation online and offline.
　　On the one hand, new consumption channels have expanded the boundaries of the retail market. The traditional retail market is limited by geographical location and time, but the new consumption channels have broken these restrictions, allowing consumers to shop anytime and anywhere. This makes the retail market cover a wider range of consumer groups and provide more sales opportunities. Take instant retailing as an example. Consumers place orders on the online trading platform, and offline physical retailers take orders. From picking, packaging and delivery to door-to-door, it is basically completed within one hour, thus achieving the goal of "relying on local retail supply to meet local instant demand".
　　On the other hand, new consumption channels have promoted the digital transformation of retail industry. In order to adapt to the development of new consumption channels, retailers have increased their investment in digital technology and promoted the digital transformation of the industry. Digital transformation not only improves the operational efficiency of retailers, but also provides consumers with a more convenient and intelligent shopping experience. With the help of online platform, entities can expand their sales channels, and at the same time, the sales data precipitated by online platform can help entities to operate more finely.
　　We should also see that the rise of new consumption channels has also brought challenges to the retail industry. Not only is the competition increasingly fierce, but it also puts forward higher requirements for retailers’ data capabilities and supply chain management capabilities. In this regard, the retail industry should actively respond, seize new opportunities and meet challenges.
　　Strengthen the research on new consumption channels, deeply understand consumers’ needs and shopping habits, and provide strong support for the development of new consumption channels. Facing the omni-channel competition brought by "embracing online", entity enterprises should use online to develop business, maintain and expand new consumer groups, reduce the cost of commodity distribution, and realize online and offline two-way drainage.
　　Increase investment in digital technology and promote the in-depth development of digital transformation. Through digital technology to improve operational efficiency, optimize shopping experience, and provide consumers with more convenient and intelligent services. Online enterprises are not simply "1+1" with physical enterprises. They should use big data intelligent recommendation to achieve accurate matching between supply and demand, and constantly strengthen the capabilities of enterprise traffic support, marketing and digital systems to meet the diversified needs of consumers.
　　Strengthen supply chain management and improve the flexibility and response speed of supply chain. Strengthen cooperation with suppliers to ensure product supply and inventory balance.
　　New consumption channels have also played an important role in consumption expansion, industry innovation and social employment. Retail industry should seize new opportunities, continuously expand and make good use of new consumption channels by strengthening research, increasing investment and strengthening cooperation, so as to promote the consumer market to better meet consumers’ needs with richer and more more innovative business models and consumer goods, and stimulate new consumption.

Feng Qiyu